High Rates of Sewage Sludge in Wheat Production

ABSTRACT A greenhouse experiment was conducted at the University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, to study the effects of sewage sludge loading rates on the vegetative growth, yield, and heavy metal contents of wheat grain and straw. Vegetative growth, grain and straw yields were similar whether wheat was fertilized with the recommended rate of inorganic N (112 kg/ha) or equivalent amounts of plantavailable N from sewage sludge. Sewage sludge loading rates higher than three times the recommended plant-available N level delayed maturity and decreased wheat stands in the seedling stage; however, grain and straw yields were similar for all sewage sludge loading rates. Concentrations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) in wheat grain and straw and in the soil following each harvest were low and similar for all fertilizer treatments

Gendering the Politics of Alienation: Arab Revolution and Women’s Sentiments of Loss and Despair

The article suggests that from the start of the revolutions in the Arab region in late 2010 a connection between the law, state, political economy, gender norms and orientalist ideology has formed the foundation of women’s systematic exclusion from politics. As a consequence, women’s alienation from politics – a necessity for the restoration of old regimes of power – took on various forms, including: externalising, exceptionalising, and celebrating women’s revolutionary acts and contributions to revolutions. This article examines these processes that created the ideological and material conditions of women’s alienation, estranging their political involvement and exposing them to various forms of violence The article suggests that alienation of women from revolutions relied on gender normative ideology to create women’s supposedly unique and distinct interests; according to this ideology, women attempt to satisfy such interests through dancing, nikah al-jihad or the desire to be sexually harassed. Women’s power and needs were moulded as distinctly different from those of men. Hence, forms of alienation diminished women’s roles as initiators, producers of revolutions, rendering women apart. This article shows that, whilst forms of alienation differed in various political phases and often contradicted each other, the intent of each form of alienation was to show a defect, a mistake in women’s acts, and thus establish the supposedly ‘correct’ characteristics of women protesters based on women’s intrinsic nature. Through this, gender normativity was reproduced to serve the political class(s)’s specific interests, 2 determining the linkages between the alienation of women from politics, the alienation of the revolution from its people, and the entire sphere of politics. The sphere of politics not only relates to political activism and conflict between revolutions and counterrevolutions, it is also a battlefield for the (re)production of knowledge

The emergence of new psychoactive substance (NPS) benzodiazepines: a review

The market for new psychoactive substances has increased markedly in recent years and there is now a steady stream of compounds appearing every year. Benzodiazepines consist of only a fraction of the total number of these compounds but their use and misuse has rapidly increased. Some of these benzodiazepines have only been patented, some of them have not been previously synthesised and the majority have never undergone clinical trials or tests. Despite their structural and chemical similarity, large differences exist between the benzodiazepines in their pharmacokinetic parameters and metabolic pathways and so they are not easily comparable. As benzodiazepines have been clinically used since the 1960s many analytical methods exist to quantify them in a variety of biological matrices and it is expected that these methods would also be suitable for the detection of benzodiazepines that are new psychoactive substances. Illicitly obtained benzodiazepines have been found to contain a wide range of compounds such as opiates which presents a problem since the use of them in conjunction with each other can lead to respiratory depression and death. The aim of this review is to collate the available information on these benzodiazepines and to provide a starting point for the further investigation of their pharmacokinetics which is clearly required

Correction for guessing in choice reaction time

Additional theoretical and experimental results are presented for a choice reaction time performance model described by Oilman (1966). A formula is given for estimating the latency distribution of true recognition responses from the results of a single session; the estimate is invariant with respect to changes in the proportion of “guess” responses and with respect to fluctuations in the latency distribution of guesses. © 1967, Psychonomic Press. All rights reserved

Avance de un estudio del territorio del Bronce manchego

[ES] Se dan a conocer algunos de los resultados de un proyecto de investigación sobre el poblamiento de la Edad del Bronce en La Mancha Oriental cuyo objetivo es establecer las relaciones que mantenían los asentamientos entre sí y con sus recursos, a fin de detectar en ellos indicios de funcionalidades deferenciadas o jerarquización. Esto permitirá avanzar en el conocimiento de la economía política de las comunidades que ocuparon la Meseta sur, una de las zonas más prometedoras para la investigación de ese periodo en la península Ibérica.[EN] An extensive systematic survey program was carried out in the eastern part of La Mancha to determine the relations of sites to each othet to tha productive resources in their vicinity so as to assess possible functional differentiation and site hietarchies. This work will contribute to a better understanding of the political economy of one of the most promising regions for research into the Bronce Age in the Iberian Peninsula