Evaluación de alfabetización estadística en una universidad pública

Desde los años noventa, la estadística ha ido cobrando un mayor interés como parte importante del currículo académico. Gal (2002) define la alfabetización estadística como una habilidad prioritaria para los ciudadanos, señalándola como la capacidad para leer, interpretar y comunicar información estadística que puedan encontrarse en diversos medios. En los últimos años, este concepto se ha convertido en un tema central de diferentes proyectos en todo el mundo como el ICOTS cada cuatro años y del Proyecto Internacional de Alfabetización Estadística que se encargan de difundir y promover este tópico en los currículos escolares y en los ciudadanos. Países como Nueva Zelanda, España y Estados Unidos han empezado a incluir la estadística como parte de su formación académica en estudios universitarios sin importar el campo de formación (Mofokozi, 2011; Ziegler, 2014)

Deltamethrin resistance in Aedes aegypti results in treatment failure in Merida, Mexico

The operational impact of deltamethrin resistance on the efficacy of indoor insecticide applications to control Aedes aegypti was evaluated in Merida, Mexico. A randomized controlled trial quantified the efficacy of indoor residual spraying (IRS) against adult Ae. aegypti in houses treated with either deltamethrin (to which local Ae. aegypti expressed a high degree of resistance) or bendiocarb (to which local Ae. aegypti were fully susceptible) as compared to untreated control houses. All adult Ae. aegypti infestation indices during 3 months post-spraying were significantly lower in houses treated with bendiocarb compared to untreated houses (odds ratio < 0.75; incidence rate ratio < 0.65) whereas no statistically significant difference was detected between the untreated and the deltamethrin-treated houses. On average, bendiocarb spraying reduced Ae. aegypti abundance by 60% during a 3-month period. Results demonstrate that vector control efficacy can be significantly compromised when the insecticide resistance status of Ae. aegypti populations is not taken into consideration

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III

The third generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) took data from 2008 to 2014 using the original SDSS wide-field imager, the original and an upgraded multi-object fiber-fed optical spectrograph, a new near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, and a novel optical interferometer. All of the data from SDSS-III are now made public. In particular, this paper describes Data Release 11 (DR11) including all data acquired through 2013 July, and Data Release 12 (DR12) adding data acquired through 2014 July (including all data included in previous data releases), marking the end of SDSS-III observing. Relative to our previous public release (DR10), DR12 adds one million new spectra of galaxies and quasars from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) over an additional 3000 deg2 of sky, more than triples the number of H-band spectra of stars as part of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), and includes repeated accurate radial velocity measurements of 5500 stars from the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The APOGEE outputs now include the measured abundances of 15 different elements for each star. In total, SDSS-III added 5200 deg2 of ugriz imaging; 155,520 spectra of 138,099 stars as part of the Sloan Exploration of Galactic Understanding and Evolution 2 (SEGUE-2) survey; 2,497,484 BOSS spectra of 1,372,737 galaxies, 294,512 quasars, and 247,216 stars over 9376 deg2; 618,080 APOGEE spectra of 156,593 stars; and 197,040 MARVELS spectra of 5513 stars. Since its first light in 1998, SDSS has imaged over 1/3 of the Celestial sphere in five bands and obtained over five million astronomical spectra. \ua9 2015. The American Astronomical Society

The entomological impact of passive metofluthrin emanators against indoor Aedes aegypti: A randomized field trial.

BackgroundIn the absence of vaccines or drugs, insecticides are the mainstay of Aedes-borne disease control. Their utility is challenged by the slow deployment of resources, poor community compliance and inadequate household coverage. Novel application methods are required.Methodology and principal findingsA 10% w/w metofluthrin "emanator" that passively disseminates insecticide from an impregnated net was evaluated in a randomized trial of 200 houses in Mexico. The devices were introduced at a rate of 1 per room and replaced at 3-week intervals. During each of 7 consecutive deployment cycles, indoor resting mosquitoes were sampled using aspirator collections. Assessments of mosquito landing behaviours were made in a subset of houses. Pre-treatment, there were no differences in Aedes aegypti indices between houses recruited to the control and treatment arms. Immediately after metofluthrin deployment, the entomological indices between the trial arms diverged. Averaged across the trial, there were significant reductions in Abundance Rate Ratios for total Ae. aegypti, female abundance and females that contained blood meals (2.5, 2.4 and 2.3-times fewer mosquitoes respectively; PConclusions/significanceThis is the first randomized control trial to evaluate the entomological impact of any volatile pyrethroid on urban Ae. aegypti. It demonstrates that volatile pyrethroids can have a sustained impact on Ae. aegypti population densities and human-vector contact indoors. These effects occur despite the presence of pyrethroid-resistant alleles in the target population. Formulations like these may have considerable utility for public health vector control responses

Results from intensity bottle bioassays evaluating the susceptibility of local <i>Ae</i>. <i>aegypti</i> populations to deltamethrin, defined as knock-down after 30 minutes of exposure to the the diagnostic dose (1x) and at twice, five and ten times the diagnostic dose.

<p>Each letter in the Y axis indicates a locality (SL = San Lorenzo, Itz = Itzincab, ACIM = Acim) and treatment (C = control, B = bendiocarb, D = deltamethrin).</p

House positivity (proportion of <i>Ae</i>. <i>aegypti</i> infested houses) by treatment and survey date.

<p>Panel (A) shows positivity for adult <i>Ae</i>. <i>aegypti</i> and panel (B) positivity for bloodfed female <i>Ae</i>. <i>aegypti</i>. Asterisks (*) indicate statistically significant (P<0.05) difference between each treatment and the control, after a mixed-effects logistic regression model (<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005656#pntd.0005656.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>).</p

Odds ratios (OR) estimated from a mixed-effects logistic regression model evaluating impact of treatment (deltamethrin vs control and bendiocarb vs control) on each adult entomologic metric.

<p>The model included city block (where individual observations are nested) and cluster (grouping of 3 treatments) as random intercepts. ORs were calculated by considering control blocks (i.e., unsprayed) as comparison. Numbers in <b>bold</b> show statistically significant (P<0.05) difference between the treatment and the control.</p

Map of the location of the three Merida suburbs (inset) and distribution of treatment and control blocks within each.

<p>Map of the location of the three Merida suburbs (inset) and distribution of treatment and control blocks within each.</p

Cone bioassay data showing average mortality of susceptible <i>Ae</i>. <i>aegypti</i> (New Orleans strain) to both insecticides applied in houses belonging to this study at 1–3 months post intervention.

<p>Error bars indicate 95% CI of the mean value.</p