Shoot organogenesis in leaf explants of Hydrangea macrophylla ‘Hyd1’ and assessing genetic stability of regenerants using ISSR markers

For the first time, an in vitro regeneration protocol of Hydrangea macrophylla 'Hyd1' was developed. Effects of different plant growth regulators (PGRs) on shoot regeneration were investigated jointly with selecting optimal basal media and cefotaxime concentrations. The highest frequency of shoot organogenesis (100%) and mean number of shoots per explant (2.7) were found on Gamborg B5 basal medium supplemented with 2.25 mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA), 0.1 mg/l Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 100 mg/l cefotaxime and 30 g/l sucrose solidified by 7 g/l agar. Regenerated shoots were rooted by culturing on perlite plus half strength liquid B5 basal medium with 0.5 mg/l NAA. Rooted plantlets were transplanted to the greenhouse with 100% survival rate. Genetic stability of 32 plantlets (one mother plant and 31 regenerants) was assessed by 44 ISSR markers. Out of 44 ISSR markers, ten markers produced clear, reproducible bands with a mean of 5.9 bands per marker. The in vitro regeneration protocol is potentially useful for the genetic transformation of Hydrangea macrophylla 'Hyd1'

Polarization properties of corner-cube retroreflectors: Theory and experiment

Polarization properties of the corner-cube retroreflector are discussed theoretically by use of ray tracing and analytical geometry. The Jones matrices and eigenpolarizations of the six propagation trips of the corner-cube retroreflector are derived. An experiment is also set up for the determination of the linear eigenpolarizations and the output states of polarization for incident linearly polarized light. The experimental results are consistent with theoretical expectations

Infrared quarter-wave reflection retarders designed with high-spatial-frequency dielectric surface-relief gratings on a gold substrate at oblique incidence

One- and two-dimensional high-spatial-frequency dielectric surface-relief gratings on a Au substrate are used to design a high-reflectance quarter-wave retarder at 70° angle of incidence and 10.6-μm light wavelength. The equivalent homogeneous anisotropic layer model is used. It is shown that equal and high reflectances (\u3e98.5%) for the p and the spolarizations and quarter-wave retardation can be achieved with two-dimensional ZnS surface-relief gratings. Sensitivities to changes of incidence angle, light wavelength, grating filling factor, and grating layer thickness are considered

Polarization properties of corner-cube retroreflectors: Theory and experiment

Polarization properties of the corner-cube retroreflector are discussed theoretically by use of ray tracing and analytical geometry. The Jones matrices and eigenpolarizations of the six propagation trips of the corner-cube retroreflector are derived. An experiment is also set up for the determination of the linear eigenpolarizations and the output states of polarization for incident linearly polarized light. The experimental results are consistent with theoretical expectations

Leaf segmentation and tracking using probabilistic parametric active contours

Active contours or snakes are widely used for segmentation and tracking. These techniques require the minimization of an energy function, which is generally a linear combination of a data fit term and a regularization term. This energy function can be adjusted to exploit the intrinsic object and image features. This can be done by changing the weighting parameters of the data fit and regularization term. There is, however, no rule to set these parameters optimally for a given application. This results in trial and error parameter estimation. In this paper, we propose a new active contour framework defined using probability theory. With this new technique there is no need for ad hoc parameter setting, since it uses probability distributions, which can be learned from a given training dataset

Composition-induced structural phase transitions in the (Ba1xLax)2In2O5+x (0pxp0.6) system

Composition-induced structural phase changes across the high temperature, fast oxide ion conducting (Ba1xLax)2In2O5+x, 0pxp0.6, system have been carefully analysed using hard mode infrared (IR) powder absorption spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and electron diffraction. An orthorhombic brownmillerite to three-dimensionally disordered cubic perovskite phase transition in this system is signalled by a drastic change in slope of both wavenumber and average line widths of IR spectra as a function of composition. Some evidence is found for the existence of an intermediate tetragonal phase (previously reported to exist from electron diffraction data) around x 0:2: The new spectroscopic data have been used to compare microscopic and macroscopic strain parameters arising from variation in composition. The strain and spectroscopic data are consistent with firstorder character for the tetragonal-orthorhombic transition, while the cubic-tetragonal transition could be continuous. Differences between the variation with composition of spectral parameters and of macroscopic strain parameters are consistent with a substantial order/disorder component for the transitions. There is also evidence for precursor effects within the cubic structure before symmetry is broken

Evaluating the AdS dual of the critical O(N) vector model

We argue that the AdS dual of the three dimensional critical O(N) vector model can be evaluated using the Legendre transform that relates the generating functionals of the free UV and the interacting IR fixed points of the boundary theory. As an example, we use our proposal to evaluate the minimal bulk action of the scalar field that it is dual to the spin-zero ``current'' of the O(N) vector model. We find that the cubic bulk self interaction coupling vanishes. We briefly discuss the implications of our results for higher spin theories and comment on the bulk-boundary duality for subleading N.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figure, v2 references added, JHEP versio

A Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction of Past Due Service in Commercial Credit

Credit risk modeling has carried a variety of research interest in previous literature, and recent studies have shown that machine learning methods achieved better performance than conventional statistical ones. This study applies decision tree which is a robust advanced credit risk model to predict the commercial non-financial past-due problem with better critical power and accuracy. In addition, we examine the performance with logistic regression analysis, decision trees, and neural networks. The experimenting results confirm that decision trees improve upon other methods. Also, we find some interesting factors that impact the commercials’ non-financial past-due payment

Shape of crossover between mean-field and asymptotic critical behavior in a three-dimensional Ising lattice

Recent numerical studies of the susceptibility of the three-dimensional Ising model with various interaction ranges have been analyzed with a crossover model based on renormalization-group matching theory. It is shown that the model yields an accurate description of the crossover function for the susceptibility.Comment: 4 pages RevTeX + 3 PostScript figures. Uses epsf.sty and rotate.sty. Final version; accepted for publication in Physics Letters