Struktur bahasa Besoa

Buku Struktur Bahasa Besoa ini merupakan salah satu hasil Proyek Penelitian Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah Sulawesi Tengah tahun 1986 yang pelaksanaannya dipercayakan kepada tim peneliti dari Universitas Tadulako. Untuk itu, kami ingin menyatakan penghargaan dan ucapan terima kasih kepada Pemimpin Proyek Penelitian Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia dan Darah Sulawesi Tengah tahun 1986 beserta stafnya, dan para peneliti, yaitu Ahmad Saro, Hanafi Sulaiman, Abdillah A. Rahim, Sudarmin Kuruda

Soluble egg antigen of Schistosoma Haematobium induces HCV replication in PBMC from patients with chronic HCV infection

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to examine, in vitro , the effect of soluble egg antigen (SEA) of S. haematobium on intracellular HCV RNA load in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) as well as on cell proliferation in patients with chronic HCV infection. METHODS: PBMC from 26 patients with chronic HCV infection were cultured for 72 hours in presence and absence of 50 μg SEA/ml medium. Intracellular HCV RNA quantification of plus and minus strands was assessed before and after stimulation. PBMC from five healthy subjects were cultured for 7 days, flow cytometric analysis of DNA content was used to assess the mitogenic effect of SEA on PBMC proliferation compared to phytoheamaglutinine (PHA). RESULTS: Quantification of the intracellular viral load showed increased copy number/cell of both or either viral strands after induction with SEA in 18 of 26 patients (69.2%) thus indicating stimulation of viral replication. Flow cytometric analysis showed that mean ± S.D. of percent values of cell proliferation was induced from 3.2 ± 1.5% in un-stimulated cells to 16.7 ± 2.5 % and 16.84 ± 1.7 % in cells stimulated with PHA and SEA respectively. CONCLUSION: the present study supports earlier reports on SEA proliferative activity on PBMC and provides a strong evidence that the higher morbidity observed in patients co-infected with schistosomiasis and HCV is related, at least in part, to direct stimulation of viral replication by SEA

Activated sludge characterization through microscopy: a review on quantitative image analysis and chemometric techniques

In wastewater treatment processes, and particularly in activated sludge systems, efficiency is quite dependent on the operating conditions, and a number of problems may arise due to sludge structure and proliferation of specific microorganisms. In fact, bacterial communities and protozoa identification by microscopy inspection is already routinely employed in a considerable number of cases. Furthermore, quantitative image analysis techniques have been increasingly used throughout the years for the assessment of aggregates and filamentous bacteria properties. These procedures are able to provide an ever growing amount of data for wastewater treatment processes in which chemometric techniques can be a valuable tool. However, the determination of microbial communities’ properties remains a current challenge in spite of the great diversity of microscopy techniques applied. In this review, activated sludge characterization is discussed highlighting the aggregates structure and filamentous bacteria determination by image analysis on bright-field, phase-contrast, and fluorescence microscopy. An in-depth analysis is performed to summarize the many new findings that have been obtained, and future developments for these biological processes are further discussed.The authors acknowledge the financial support to Daniela P. Mesquita through the post-doctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/82558/2011) and the project PTDC/EBB-EBI/103147/2008 provided by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (Portugal)