Labour market attachment among parents and self-rated health of their offspring:an intergenerational study

Background Unemployment influences the individual’s health, whether this effect passes through generations is less studied. The aim of this intergenerational study was to investigate whether parents’ labour market attachment (LMA) were associated with self-rated health (SRH) among adolescents using preceding labour market events. Methods The study was performed using questionnaire data from the Danish Future Occupation of Children and Adolescents cohort (the FOCA cohort) of 13 100 adolescents (mean age 15.8 years) and their accompanying parents identified through registers. Adolescents’ SRH was measured using one item from SF-36. Information on parents’ LMA was obtained from a national register, analyzed on a weekly basis in a 5-year period before the adolescents completed the questionnaire. An integration indicator was calculated from an initial sequence analysis to determine how well the parents were integrated in the labour market. The association between the adolescents’ SRH and parents’ LMA was examined by logistic regression and an extended sequence analysis stratified on adolescents’ SRH. Results Totally, 29.1% of the adolescents reported moderate SRH. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) of moderate SRH was higher among adolescents of parents with low labour market integration (OR: 1.5 95% CI: 1.3–1.6 for fathers and OR: 1.4 95% CI: 1.2–1.5 for mothers). Also, adolescents with moderate SRH had parents who were less integrated in the labour market and had more weeks on non-employment benefits compared with the adolescents, who reported high SRH. Conclusions Unstable LMA among parents affected SRH among their adolescent children, indicating a negative effect of labour market marginalization across generations.publishedVersio

The bromotyrosine derivative Ianthelline isolated from the Arctic marine sponge Stryphnus fortis inhibits marine micro- and macrobiofouling

International audienceThe inhibition of marine biofouling by the bromotyrosine derivative ianthelline, isolated from the Arctic marine sponge Stryphnus fortis, is described. All major stages of the fouling process are investigated. The effect of ianthelline on adhesion and growth of marine bacteria and microalgae is tested to investigate its influence on the initial microfouling process comparing with the known marine antifoulant barettin as a reference. Macrofouling is studied via barnacle (Balanus improvisus) settlement assays and blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) phenoloxidase inhibition. Ianthelline is shown to inhibit both marine micro-and macrofoulers with a pronounced effect on marine bacteria (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values 0.1-10 mu g/mL) and barnacle larval settlement (IC50= 3.0 mu g/mL). Moderate effects are recorded on M. edulis (IC50= 45.2 mu g/mL) and microalgae, where growth is more affected than surface adhesion. The effect of ianthelline is also investigated against human pathogenic bacteria. Ianthelline displayed low micromolar MIC values against several bacterial strains, both Gram positive and Gram negative, down to 2.5 mu g/mL. In summary, the effect of ianthelline on 20 different representative marine antifouling organisms and seven human pathogenic bacterial strains is presented

Heterocyclic cellular lipid peroxidation inhibitors inspired by the marine antioxidant barettin

Accepted manuscript version. Published version available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.11.024. Licensed CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.The marine environment remains a rich source for the discovery and development of novel bioactive compounds. The present paper describes the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a library of small molecule heterocyclic mimetics of the marine 2,5-diketopiperazine barettin which is a powerful natural antioxidant. By mainly focusing on the influence from the brominated indole and heterocyclic core of barettin, a library of 19 compounds was prepared. The compounds comprised a heterocyclic core, either a 2,5 diketopiperazine, an imidazolidinedione or a thioxothiazolidinone, which were mainly monosubstituted with ranging bulky substituents. The prepared compounds were screened for activity in a cellular lipid peroxidation assay using HepG2 cells. Several of the synthetic compounds showed antioxidant properties superior to the positive control barettin. Two of the prepared compounds displayed inhibitory activity similar to commercial antioxidants with significant inhibition at low µg/mL concentrations. The toxicity of the compounds was also investigated against MRC-5 lung fibroblasts and none of the included compounds displayed any toxicity at 50 µg/mL

ACCELERATED LEARNING BERBANTUAN SOFTWARE MAPLE SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS DAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA SMA

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya kemampuan komunikasi matematis dan minat belajar. Namun kenyataan di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematisdan minat belajarsiswa masih rendah. Agar permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi, diperlukan sebuah model pembelajaran yang dapatmeningkatkankemampuan komunikasi matematis dan minat belajarsiswa.Olehkarenaitu, dipilih modelAccelerated Learning Berbantuan Software Maple. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaahpeningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis dan minat belajarsiswa, danmenelaahhubunganantara kemampuan komunikasi dan minat belajar.Penelitianinimerupakanpenelitiankuasieksperimendenganpretest-postest control group design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X pada salah satu SMA Negeri di Kota Purwokerto. Sampel terdiri dari dua kelas yang dipilih secara purposive sampling.Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes kemampuan komunikasi matematis dan angket minat belajar, lembar observasi, serta pedoman wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif.Analisis data tersebutmenggunakanMann-Whitney U Testdan uji asosiasi Chi Square. Berdasarkan analisis data, ditemukan bahwa: (1)pencapaian kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang memperoleh Accelerated LearningBerbantuanSoftware Maplelebih baik daripada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran biasa;(2) peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang memperoleh Accelerated LearningBerbantuanSoftware Maplelebih baik daripada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran biasa, (3) pencapaian kemampuan minat belajar siswa yang memperoleh Accelerated LearningBerbantuanSoftware Maplelebih baik daripada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran biasa; (4) peningkatan kemampuan minat belajar siswa yang memperoleh Accelerated LearningBerbantuanSoftware Maplelebih baik daripada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran biasa; dan(5) terdapat asosiasi antara kemampuan komunikasi dan minat belajarsiswadengan kategori rendah. ---------- This research was motivated by the importance of mathematical communication learning interest of students. Mathematical communication ability and learning interest of students is still low. In order that this problemscan be solved, alearning modelthatcan enhancemathematical communication and learning interest ofstudents is required.In this research, Maple-Assisted Accelerated Learning was selected. This studyaims to analyzetheenhancement of mathematical communication learning interest of students, and to analyzetheassociationbetween mathematical communication ability andlearning interest of students. This research was aquasi-experimentalwithpretest-posttest control group design. The population was students at tenth gradein one of senior high schools in Purwokerto, Central Java. The sample consisted oftwoclasses which wasselected bypurposivesampling. This research used fourinstruments: testof mathematicalcommunication ability, learning interestquestionnaire, observation sheets, and interview guide.Data analyzed was done quantitatively. The data were analyzed by usingMann-Whitney U TestandChi Squaren test. Based on the data analyze, it is found that: (1) the achievement of mathematical communication ability of students who receivedthe Maple-Assisted Accelerated Learning is betterthan the achievement of students who receivedconventionallearning;(2) The enhancement of mathematical communication ability of students who receivedthe Maple-Assisted Accelerated Learning is betterthan the enhancement of students who receivedconventionallearning; (3)the achievement oflearning interestability of students who receivedthe Maple-Assisted Accelerated Learning is betterthan the achievement of students who receivedconventionallearning; (4)the enhancement oflearning interestof students who receivedthe Maple-Assisted Accelerated Learning is betterthan the enhancement of students who receivedconventionallearning; and(5) there is anassociation between students’ mathematical communication ability and learning interest of student

Does computer use pose a hazard for future long-term sickness absence?

The aim of the study was to investigate if weekly duration of computer use predicted sickness absence for more than two weeks at a later time

Fitness and health benefits of team handball training for young untrained women - A cross-disciplinary RCT on physiological adaptations and motivational aspects

Purpose: The present study evaluated the effects of regular participation in small-sided team handball training on body composition, osteogenic response, physical performance, and cardiovascular risk factors, as well as well-being and motivation, in young untrained women. Methods: Twenty-eight untrained 20- to 30-year-old women were randomized to a handball training group (HG; n = 14, height 170 ± 5 cm, weight 73 ± 11 kg, VO2peak 37.7 ± 4.1 mL/min/kg) that trained 1.7 ± 0.3 times per week over 12 weeks (70 min 4 v 4 handball sessions) or an inactive control group (CG; n = 14, 169 ± 5 cm, 71 ± 12 kg, 38.1 ± 3.7 mL/min/kg). Physiological and psychological and motivational training adaptations were assessed pre- and post-intervention by dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scans, blood sampling, physical tests, and questionnaires. Results: The average heart rate (HR) over all training sessions was equal to 85% ± 6% HRmax. Between-group intervention effects were observed in favor of HG for muscle mass (2.1%, p = 0.024), proximal femur bone mineral density (0.8%, p = 0.041), Yo-Yo IE1 intermittent endurance test level 1 (IE1) performance (35%, p < 0.001), and incremental treadmill test performance (11.5%, p = 0.003), but not total fat mass (p = 0.176), mean arterial blood pressure (p = 0.328), resting HR (p = 0.219), or blood lipids (p = 0.298–0.854). In CG, no changes were observed in any of the measured physiological variables after the training period. Compared to CG, HG had an increase in intrinsic motivation (p < 0.001) and in the well-being subscale “energy” (p = 0.010). Conclusion: Participation in regular recreational team handball training organized as small-sided games has marked beneficial effects on physical performance, musculoskeletal fitness, well-being, and motivation in untrained young women. Keywords: Bone mineral density (BMD), Intensity, Intermittent, Motivation, Muscle mass, Physical performance, Recreational handball, Well-bein

Two-Point Functions and S-Parameter in QCD-like Theories

We calculated the vector, axial-vector, scalar and pseudo-scalar two-point functions up to two-loop level in the low-energy effective field theory for three different QCD-like theories. In addition we also calculated the pseudo-scalar decay constant $G_M$. The QCD-like theories we used are those with fermions in a complex, real or pseudo-real representation with in general n flavours. These case correspond to global symmetry breaking pattern of $SU(n)_L\times SU(n)_R\to SU(n)_V$, $SU(2n)\to SO(2n)$ or $SU(2n)\to Sp(2n)$. We also estimated the S parameter for those different theories.Comment: 29 page

Four new suomilides isolated from the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. KVJ20 and proposal of their biosynthetic origin

The suomilide and the banyasides are highly modified and functionalized non-ribosomal peptides produced by cyanobacteria of the order Nostocales. These compound classes share several substructures, including a complex azabicyclononane core, which was previously assumed to be derived from the amino acid tyrosine. In our study we were able to isolate and determine the structures of four suomilides, named suomilide B – E (1–4). The compounds differ from the previously isolated suomilide A by the functionalization of the glycosyl group. Compounds 1–4 were assayed for anti-proliferative, anti-biofilm and anti-bacterial activities, but no significant activity was detected. The sequenced genome of the producer organism Nostoc sp. KVJ20 enabled us to propose a biosynthetic gene cluster for suomilides. Our findings indicated that the azabicyclononane core of the suomilides is derived from prephenate and is most likely incorporated by a proline specific non-ribosomal peptide synthetase-unit

Fibre intake and the development of inflammatory bowel disease – a European prospective multi-centre cohort study (EPIC-IBD)

Background and Aims: Population-based prospective cohort studies investigating fibre intake and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are lacking. Our aim was to investigate the association between fibre intake and the development of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in a large European population. Methods: 401 326 participants, aged 20–80 years, were recruited in 8 countries in Europe between 1991 and 1998. At baseline, fibre intake (total fibres, fibres from fruit, vegetables and cereals) was recorded using food frequency questionnaires. The cohort was monitored for the development of IBD. Each case was matched with four controls and odds ratios (ORs) for the exposures were calculated using conditional logistic regression. Sensitivity analyses according to smoking status were computed. Results: In total, 104 and 221 participants developed incident CD and UC, respectively. For both CD and UC, there were no statistically significant associations with either quartiles, or trends across quartiles, for total fibre, or any of the individual sources. The associations were not affected by adjusting for smoking and energy intake. Stratification according to smoking status showed null findings apart from an inverse association with cereal fibre and CD in non-smokers (Quartile 4 vs 1 OR=0.12, 95% CI=0.02–0.75, P=0.023, OR trend across quartiles=0.50, 95% CI=0.29–0.86, P=0.017). Conclusion: The results do not support the hypothesis that dietary fibre is involved in the aetiology of UC, although future work should investigate whether there may be a protective effect of specific types of fibre according to smoking status in CD