SOSIALISASI NILAI BUDAYA DALAM KELUARGA DI LINGKUNGAN ETNIS BUNGKU

ABSTRACT This study discusses about a socialisation of cultural values in Bungku ethnic. The aim is to verificate family influence in the growth of cultural values on the next generation, by using the method and media, and what crucial values that a child must have before to be an adult. The research can express that Bungku people have a parental and bilateral clan system through descendental line from two sides, father and mother. Therefore family has a same function and role in the making of child personal, but the main holder is father and the main executor is mother. All cultural value concepts as ethic, otonomy, loyalty to parents, .diciplinary, responsibility, honesty and obedience have a same position in the daily personal behaviour. Media that used here are floklore, playing and customary ceremonies. To teach the child for practicing customary rules, sanctions must be given as sinepi (bit on hip), binosi or pirwe biri (to pull a ear), inukopi or ginintai fifilul (pleated or to take pepper into the mouth), tinonto7npa,a (to pinch a thigh) and so on. Keywords: socialization -- cultural values Bungku family

Methanol Extract Alstonia scholaris L. R. Br as Hepatoprotective Mice (Mus musculus) Infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA Strains

Alstonia scholaris L. R. Br is one of the traditional plants that contain natural antioxidant compounds which are thought to be able to repair damage to the liver cells of mice (Mus musculus) infected with Plasmodium berghei strain ANKA. This study aimed to determine the effect of methanol extract of Alstonia scholaris L. R. Br stem bark on levels of SGPT enzymes and liver cells of mice (Mus musculus) infected with Plasmodium berghei strain ANKA. Mice with a body weight of 20-30 g were infected with Plasmodium berghei as much as 0.1 ml per head and left until the percentage of parasitemia reached 1-5%. Then mice (Mus musculus) were given methanol extract of Alstonia scholaris L. R. Br stem bark at doses of 1, 10, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW for 4 consecutive days. After that, surgery was performed to take blood to observe SGPT enzyme levels and mice liver cells to be prepared with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining. The results of ANOVA showed that the methanol extract of Alstonia scholaris L. R. Br stems bark doses of 1 mg/kg BW, 10 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW could reduce SGPT enzyme levels and repair damage to the liver cells of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain

The Effect of Eucheuma cottonii Extract on Body Weight and Blood Sugar Levels of Mouse (Mus musculus) Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

Seaweed (E. cottonii) is a type of seaweed from the Rhodophyta class which has anti-diabetic activity so that it can control diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of E. cottonii extract on body weight and blood sugar levels in mice (Mus musculus) type 1 diabetes mellitus. This study used a completely randomized factorial design with five treatments and three replications. 20 mice were divided into 5 groups: normal mice (KN), negative control (K-), positive control (K+), E. cottonii extract dose of 0.4 ml/g BW (P1) and E. cottonii extract dose of 0 .7 ml/gBB (P2). The extraction of E. cottonii used the maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. All groups of mice were induced with 0.3 ml of STZ for 3 consecutive days. After an increase in blood glucose levels, the mice in the K(+) group were given metformin at a dose of 0.4 ml, P1 was given E. cottonii ethanol extract at a dose of 0.4 ml/g BW and P2 at a dose of 0.7 ml/g BW. Extract administration was carried out for 7 days. The results showed that E. cottonii extract had an effect on increasing body weight and decreasing blood sugar levels in type 1 diabetes mellitus mice. The increase in body weight and decrease in blood sugar levels was in line with the high doses given

El nexo entre cambio climático y energía

La energía juega un papel indispensable en la configuración del desarrollo económico de un país y como garantía de la calidadde vida de sus ciudadanos. Sin embargo, la producción y el consumo de energía siguen ejerciendo una presión considerable sobre el medio ambiente, contribuyendo con cerca de dos terceras partes a las emisiones globales de gases de efecto invernadero, especialmente del dióxido de carbono (CO2) que resulta de la quema de combustibles fósiles1. El cuarto Informe de Evaluación del Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático (IPCC) concluyó en 2007 que “la mayor partedel incremento observado en la temperatura media global desde mediados del siglo XX se debe muy probablemente al incrementoobservado en la concentración de gases de efecto invernadero antropogénicos”2. El hecho es que, debido al predominio de los recursos energéticos no sostenibles, el clima está cambiando rápidamente, lo que representa una amenaza importante parala economía y el medio ambiente, al tiempo que inflige daños severos a la vida y a los medios de subsistencia de las personas

Gather the Scattered in Kaili Land: Pluralism, Religiosity, and Integration of Central Sulawesi Society

Based on the ethnic division of the population, Central Sulawesi Province consists of 12 ethnics groups “original,” and many tribal immigrants such as Bugis, Makassar, Java, Bali, and other tribes that have implications for the differentiation of indigenous communities and immigrant communities. The diversity of the tribes is also accompanied by the diversity of their historical background, religion, and culture which might cause friction one another. Based on the existing historical reality, it is showed that the Central Sulawesi region is often hit by ethnic, economic, and religious violences with different intensity. If the diversity among the people of Central Sulawesi is not properly managed, it can lead to disintegration. This article would identify the existence of the plural society in Central Sulawesi and try to formulate the integration efforts of the people of Central Sulawesi

Penggunaan Kliping Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Di Kelas V SD Inpres Sipayo Kecamatan Sidoan Kabupaten Parigi Moutong

Masalah Utama dalam penelitian ini adalah masih kurangnya penggunaan media kliping dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas V SD Inpres Sipayo pada mata pelajaran IPS. Ada beberapa hal yang menyebabkan permasalahan tersebut, di antaranya: 1) siswa kurang memahami konsep yang diajarkan, 2) siswa mudah lupa terhadap materi yang telah diajarkan, 3) siswa kurang aktif selama proses pembelajaran, 4) kurangnya motivasi siswa dalam belajar IPS, 5) pembelajaran terpusat pada guru. Untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa tersebut, maka peneliti menggunakan media kliping dalam pembelajaran IPS. Untuk menjawab permasalahan di atas, maka peneliti melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Rancangan penelitian ini mengacu pada model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart yang terdiri dari empat komponen, yaitu 1) perencanaan, 2) pelaksanaan tindakan, 3) observasi dan 4) refleksi. Data yang dikumpulkan pada penelitian ini adalah berupa data aktivitas guru dan siswa selama proses pembelajaran yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dan data hasil belajar siswa yang diperoleh dengan memberikan tes individu kepada siswa. Adapun materi yang dibahas mengenai keragaman suku dan budaya di Indonesia, dengan melibatkan subyek penelitian 20 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan pemberian tes hasil belajar tiap akhir tindakan. Berdasarkan data dan analisis data di peroleh hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I untuk ketuntasan klasikalnya mencapai 60% sedangkan daya serap klasikalnya 67,5%. Kemudian pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan dengan ketuntasan klasikalnya mencapai 85% sedangkan daya serap klasikalnya mencapai 74,5%. Berdasarkan dari hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media kliping dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS dengan materi keanekaragaman suku bangsa dan budaya di Indonesia kelas V SD Inpres Sipayo Kecamatan Tinombo Kabupaten Parigi-Moutong