Curricular internship in the health and psychological field: documents analysis of public domain

Nesta pesquisa objetivamos identificar as produções discursivas sobre Estágios Curriculares Supervisionados em Saúde no Brasil. Orientada pelo referencial teórico- metodológico das Práticas Discursivas e Produção de Sentidos, procedemos por meio da Análise de Documentos de Domínio Público. O foco foi em documentos que regulam e orientam os estágios e as Propostas Pedagógicas dos Cursos. Identificamos 50 documentos e produzimos quadros para organizá-los e uma linha cronológica para auxiliar na compreensão dos processos históricos envolvidos. Produzimos Mapas Dialógicos buscando a identificação dos Repertórios Linguísticos. Argumentamos que o estágio se organiza em quatro conjuntos de sentidos: trabalhista, tecnicista, formalista e formativo. O trabalhista refere-se à origem dos estágios vinculada a indústria e ao trabalho, o tecnicista atrelado ao ensino profissional e centrado em procedimentos e o formalista está ancorado em questões legais, tendendo a burocratizar os processos de ensino e aprendizagem, associandose a questões formativas e produzem, atualmente, o Estágio Curricular Supervisionado.The current study aims to identify and discuss the conceptions and models of the health-related Supervised Curricular Internship in Brazil. Guided by the theoretical- methodological referential of the Discursive Practices and Sense Production, the research proceeded with the Analysis of Documents of public domain. The Focused documents were the ones that regulate and guide the internships and the pedagogical purposes. Such search and identification came out with 50 results, and produced tables to organize all the information and a chronological line. We produced dialogical maps and the linguistic repertoire identified. The internship conceptions can be grouped in four sets of senses: Labour, Technicist, Formalistand Formative. Their origins, linked to industry and work conceptions, the technicism, associated with the professional teaching and focused on techniques and procedures, the formalism, which tends to link to the bureaucracy with learning and teaching processes, associate to formative conceptions and rule the Supervised Curricular Internship

Study of validity and intra and inter-observer reliability of modified-modified Schöber test in subjects with low-back pain

In patients with low-back pain the lumbar spine range of motion (ROM) is often measured by the modified version of the modified Schöber test (MMST), but its psychometric properties have not been ascertained for clinical use. The purpose here was to verify intra and inter-observer validity and reliability of the MMST in subjects with low-back pain, and to compare obtained ROM measures to those obtained by radiography, taken as gold standard. The study involved 20 subjects with chronic low-back pain, of both sexes, employees at a university hospital. The MMST was applied twice by two examiners each. The Pearson correlation coefficient found when comparing measures obtained via MMST and radiography was r=0.14, showing a poor correlation between the tests. The intra-observer intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) found was 0.96 (CI 95% 0.91;0.98), and the inter-observer ICC was 0.93 (IC 95% 0.84;0.97), showing high reliability; the Bland & Altman agreement test showed high agreement intra (-0.21) and inter-observer (-0.21). Although a high reliability both intra and inter-observer was found for the modified-modified Schöber test, the latter showed low validity in assessing lumbar spine range of motion, when compared to the gold standard.Em pacientes com lombalgia, mensura-se a amplitude de movimento (ADM) da coluna lombar por meio da versão modificada do teste de Schöber modificado (MTSM), mas suas propriedades psicométricas não são comprovadas para uso clínico. Este estudo verificou a validade e confiabilidade intra e interobservador do MTSM em indivíduos com lombalgia, comparando as medidas da ADM com as obtidas por meio de radiografia, método considerado padrão-ouro. Participaram 20 voluntários com lombalgia, de ambos os sexos, funcionários de um Hospital Universitário. O MTSM foi aplicado duas vezes por dois avaliadores. As medidas obtidas pelo teste e por radiografia foram comparadas usando o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, obtendo-se r=0,14, ou seja, correlação fraca. O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) dos MTSM intra-observador foi 0,96 (IC 95% 0,91;0,98) e interobservador 0,93 (IC 95% 0,84;0,97), indicando alta confiabilidade; o teste de Bland & Altman mostrou alta concordância intra e interobservador, com valores de -0,21 e -0,28, respectivamente. Embora tenha sido encontrada alta confiabilidade intra e interobservador na aplicação da versão modificada do teste de Schöber modificado, este apresentou baixa validade para medir a ADM da coluna lombar, quando comparado ao padrão-ouro

The influence of teriparatide in induced tooth movement: a systematic review

Teriparatide is a synthetic drug similar than PTH (parathyroid hormone), which is currently used as long-term treatment option for patients with bone chronic diseases, as osteoporosis; and this drug can interfere in a positive way in orthodontic movement. Objectives: The medical literature was assessed in the present systematic review in order to determine the level of scientific evidence supporting the influence of teriparatide in induced tooth movement. The PRISMA Checklist was followed in this systematic review. Four electronic databases (PubMed; Scopus; ScienceDirect; OpenGrey) were searched without implementing restrictions of year, status, and language of publications. The inclusion criteria consisted of selecting only experimental studies comparing the influence of teriparatide in tooth movement of male Wistar rats. The exclusion criteria consisted of experiments with female rats or other experimental animals, and animals with pathologic conditions. The eligible studies were evaluated based on methodological quality. Two trained examiners performed all the research steps. The initial sample comprised 700 studies, which was reduced to 664 after the exclusion of duplicates (n=36). Three articles were selected for the final qualitative analysis. The local administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) 1-34 or PTH 1-84 revealed major effectiveness when compared with control groups and systematic administration. Additionally, the dilution of PTH 1-34 within methyl cellulose (MC) gel increased the time range for drug release, enabling to reduce the drug concentration without decreasing the effectiveness of tooth movement. Teriparatide demonstrated potential acceleration of tooth movement in Wistar rats depending on the drug concentration; drug administration; and time for drug release

Integrating of the seahorse Hippocampus reidi in multi-trophic organic farms of oysters and shrimp: Effects of density and diet

The goal of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of culturing the seahorse Hippocampus reidi in an organic integrated multi-trophic aquaculture farm that produces the oyster Crassostrea brasiliana and the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects stocking density and food (natural zooplankton, Artemia nauplii, or both) for the juvenile I, which are fish from 1 to 15 days after birth. Stocking density effect was studied on growth and survival of juveniles II from 30 days to commercial size in net cages. Survival of the juvenile I was not affected by stocking densities from 2 to 5 ind L-1 and was greater than 70% in all treatments. Seahorse length, however, was inversely related to stocking density. Both treatments with wild zooplankton promoted higher seahorse survival and growth than diet composed exclusively by Artemia sp. during the first 15 days of life. Juvenile II growth decreased with stocking density from 5 to 40 ind m-3 but survival was not affected by it. The total benefit and proportion of colored animals increased significantly with stocking density. The present study confirms the technical feasibility of organic multi-trophic seahorse production in net cages. Even at the highest density tested the seahorses grew well and could generate high profits

Microcapsule triggering mechanics in cementitious materials: a modelling and machine learning approach

Self-healing cementitious materials containing microcapsules filled with healing agents can autonomously seal cracks and restore structural integrity. However, optimising the microcapsule mechanical properties to survive concrete mixing whilst still rupturing at the cracked interface to release the healing agent remains challenging. This study develops an integrated numerical modelling and machine learning approach for tailoring acrylate-based microcapsules for triggering within cementitious matrices. Microfluidics is first utilised to produce microcapsules with systematically varied shell thickness, strength, and cement compatibility. The capsules are characterised and simulated using a continuum damage mechanics model that is able to simulate cracking. A parametric study investigates the key microcapsule and interfacial properties governing shell rupture versus matrix failure. The simulation results are used to train an artificial neural network to rapidly predict the triggering behaviour based on capsule properties. The machine learning model produces design curves relating the microcapsule strength, toughness, and interfacial bond to its propensity for fracture. By combining advanced simulations and data science, the framework connects tailored microcapsule properties to their intended performance in complex cementitious environments for more robust self-healing concrete systems

Um relato de experiência de capacitação para a criação de jogos sérios em cursos de computação com foco em projetos reais

O processo de ensino-aprendizagem em computação tende a ser mais eficaz com a realização de atividades práticas a partir do desenvolvimento de projetos que tratem de problemas reais. Nesse contexto o processo de implementação de jogos sérios pode auxiliar no aprendizado de novas tecnologias e aplicação de métodos dinâmicos. Este trabalho relata a experiência de um processo de capacitação para o desenvolvimento de jogos sérios envolvendo graduandos de cursos de computação. A aplicação de questionários, pré e pós-testes, permitiu estimar o interesse dos alunos e avaliar o nível de conhecimento no processo de ensino. Os alunos da capacitação geraram três protótipos com os seguintes propósitos: 1) educação da saúde bucal de adolescentes; 2) identificação de daltonismo em crianças; 3) desenvolvimento do equilíbrio em pessoas da terceira idade

CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO MATERIALISMO DIALÉTICO NA CONSTITUIÇÃO DE UM CURRÍCULO CRÍTICO

Este estudo tem por objeto investigar as contribuições do materialismo dialético na construção do currículo crítico. Visando refletir e compreender, dentro do campo da filosofia da educação, os pressupostos que fundamentam a construção de um currículo subsidiado pelo materialismo dialético. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico. Assim, perguntamo-nos: quais as contribuições do materialismo dialético na construção de um currículo crítico? Para aprimorar tal pesquisa, tomamos Kneller (1984), quando se refere à construção da filosofia da educação, Monasta (2010), tendo em vista às contribuições de Gramsci para a educação no Brasil, Silva (2010), vislumbrando as possibilidades e elementos que fundamentam as teorias curriculares e Saviani (2011), na constituição de uma pedagogia marxista. Estabelecem-se análises com relação a teoria que sedimenta o pensamento filosófico do materialismo dialético e sua aplicação, enquanto orientação de um currículo. Outrossim, como resultado desta investigação, explicita-se que o materialismo dialético, enquanto escolha categorial de leitura de mundo, tem a possibilidade de contribuir para a constituição de um currículo que leve em consideração diferentes classes sociais. O que, por meio do resgate histórico, dos sujeitos envolvidos na concretude de suas realidades possam construir um currículo crítico a serviço de diferentes interesses no convívio em sociedade

Manejo químico de Rhynchospora cephalotes no Baixo Tocantins-PA

Aggressive weeds, such as Rhynchospora cephalotes, are the main weeds in areas with perennial crops and degraded pastures in the Amazonian environment. Studies show that the association of phenoxyacetic acids with other classes of herbicides may be a viable alternative in the management of difficult to control plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-emergence efficacy of 2,4-D herbicide, alone or in combination, in the control of Rhynchospora cephalotes. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 4 replications. Isolated doses of 2,4-D (502,5, 1,005 and 2,010 g e.a. ha-1) were applied as treatments and these were associated with picloran (960 g e.a. ha-1), triclopyr (960 g e.a. ha-1) and glyphosate (1,110 g e.a. ha-1), one more control without application. The best results at the end of the evaluations, 42 days after application, were obtained by the three treatments of the mixture between 2,4-D and glyphosate, which presented control averages of R. cephalotes, around 98%. The association between the herbicides 2,4-D and glyphosate, at any dose used in this experiment, proved to be effective in controlling R. cephalotes, when applied in post-emergence.  Plantas daninhas agressivas, como a espécie Rhynchospora cephalotes, são as principais infestantes de áreas com cultivos perenes e pastagens degradadas no meio amazônico. Estudos demonstram que a associação de ácidos fenoxiacéticos com outras classes de herbicidas podem ser uma alternativa viável no manejo de plantas de difícil controle. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a eficácia, em pós emergência do herbicida 2,4-D, isolado ou em associação, no controle de Rhynchospora cephalotes. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições. Foram aplicados como tratamentos, doses de 2,4-D isoladas (502,5, 1.005 e 2.010 g e.a. ha-1) e estas associadas com picloran (960 g e.a. ha-1), triclopyr (960 g e.a. ha-1) e glyphosate (1.110 g e.a. ha-1), mais uma testemunha sem aplicação. Os melhores resultados no final das avaliações, 42 dias após a aplicação, foram obtidos pelos três tratamentos da associação 2,4-D e glyphosate, que apresentaram médias de controle de R. cephalotes, em torno de 98%. A associação entre os herbicidas 2,4-D e glyphosate, em qualquer dose utilizada nesse experimento, se mostrou eficaz no controle da espécie R. cephalotes, quando aplicada em pós emergência. &nbsp

Ischemic preconditioning improves autonomic modulation after session of resistance exercise / Pré-condicionamento isquêmico melhora a modulação autonômica após sessão de exercício resistido

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in a session of resistance exercise (RE) for upper and lower limbs on the heart rate variability (HRV) in normotensive and trained men. sixteen normotensive and trained men visit the laboratory in five sessions in non-consecutive days. The first two sessions subjects performed one repetition maximum (RM) test and retest, and the next three visits they performed the experimental protocols: a) RE (CON), b) IPC+RE (IPC), c) SHAM+RE (SHAM). RE were performed in 3 sets at 80% 1RM until concentric failure. IPC consisted of 4x5-mins of vascular occlusion at 220 mmHg alternating with 5-min of reperfusion. SHAM protocol followed the same IPC method with 20mmHg vascular occlusion. A significant decrease in LF­nu and RMSSDms (p=0.001) was found from baseline for IPC, SHAM, and CON. A significant increase in HFnu and LF/HF (p=0.001) was found from baseline for IPC, SHAM, and CON. A significant decrease in LF­nu and LF/HF was observed from 60-min post for IPC vs. SHAM and IPC vs. CON (p<0.05). A significant increase in HFnu was observed from 60-min post for IPC vs. SHAM and IPC vs. CON (p<0.05). A significant increase in RMSSDms was found from post-60 for IPC vs. SHAM (p < 0.05). RE followed IPC shows significantly improvements in the autonomic cardiac modulation, accelerating the autonomic recovery after the RE session, by increasing the vagal activity and reducing the sympathetic activation when compared to RE and SHAM protocols