Guns and Porn: A Look at the Semantic Effects of the Relationship Between Aggression and Sexuality

Physiological similarities and sexual assault statistics suggest a link between sexuality and aggression. With this project, the aim was to use a cognitive approach to understand and confirm this connection; specifically, the goal was to determine whether the relationship between these concepts is reflected in semantic networks in the brain. In order to determine the existence of these semantic relationships, a lexical decision task was formed using a list of words rated as highly related to aggression and a list of words rated as highly related to sexuality. If aggression and sexuality are semantically linked, we expect to find significantly shorter reaction times for sexual targets preceded by aggressive primes than for neutral primes, as well as shorter times for aggressive targets preceded by sexual primes than for neutral primes. Preliminary results suggest that aggressive words inhibit recognition of sexual targets and suggest a priming effect by sexual primes on aggressive targets

Modeling the Effect of Hypoxia on Macrobenthos Production in the Lower Rappahannock River, Chesapeake Bay, USA

Hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay has substantially increased in recent decades, with detrimental effects on macrobenthic production; the production of these fauna link energy transfer from primary consumers to epibenthic and demersal predators. As such, the development of accurate predictive models that determine the impact of hypoxia on macrobenthic production is important. A continuous-time, biomass-based model was developed for the lower Rappahannock River, a Bay tributary prone to seasonal hypoxia. Phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrobenthic state variables were modeled, with a focus on quantitatively constraining the effect of hypoxia on macrobenthic biomass. This was accomplished through regression with Z\u27: a sigmoidal function between macrobenthic biomass and dissolved oxygen concentration, derived using macrobenthic data collected from the Rappahannock River during the summers of 2007 and 2008, and applied to compute hypoxia-induced mortality as a rate process. The model was verified using independent monitoring data collected by the Chesapeake Bay Program. Simulations showed that macrobenthic biomass was strongly linked to dissolved oxygen concentrations, with fluctuations in biomass related to the duration and severity of hypoxia. Our model demonstrated that hypoxia negatively affected macrobenthic biomass, as longer durations of hypoxia and greater hypoxic severity resulted in an increasing loss in biomass. This exercise represents an important contribution to modeling anthropogenically impacted coastal ecosystems, by providing an empirically constrained relationship between hypoxia and macrobenthic biomass, and applying that empirical relationship in a mechanistic model to quantify the effect of the severity, duration, and frequency of hypoxia on benthic biomass dynamics

Análisis para la planeación estratégica de la producción de berries en México mediante la implementación de Business Intelligence

México es un país que cuenta con una importante diversidad de productos agrícolas debido a su situación geográfica privilegiada, siendo las berries uno de los productos destacados dentro de las cifras económicas de exportaciones agropecuarias. Para lograr consolidarse como una potencia en la exportación de berries durante todo el año, es necesario que las unidades de producción agrícola cuenten con las capacidades de análisis de información adecuadas para entender su situación actual y desarrollar planes de acción que permitan incrementar sus rendimientos, ayudando a mejorar la calidad de los productos y logrando la rentabilidad requerida para sostener sus planes de crecimiento. La Inteligencia de Negocios (Business Intelligence o BI) es una metodología sólida que ha sido usada por diferentes industrias para diseñar su planeación estratégica y tomar las decisiones correctas para alcanzar sus objetivos estratégicos. Este documento muestra las capacidades del BI y como se encuentran al alcance de las unidades de producción agrícola de berries, que aportan positivamente a superar los retos que enfrentan los productores en México, y generan las capacidades necesarias para el análisis e interpretación de información, así como para la conformación de un plan estratégico sustentado en datos.ITESO, A. C

Real-Time and Low-Cost Sensing Technique Based on Photonic Bandgap Structures

This paper was published in OPTICS LETTERS and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.36.002707. Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means is prohibited and is subject to penalties under law[EN] A technique for the development of low-cost and high-sensitivity photonic biosensing devices is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this technique, a photonic bandgap structure is used as transducer, but its readout is performed by simply using a broadband source, an optical filter, and a power meter, without the need of obtaining the transmission spectrum of the structure; thus, a really low-cost system and real-time results are achieved. Experimental results show that it is possible to detect very low refractive index variations, achieving a detection limit below 2 x 10(-6) refractive index units using this low-cost measuring technique. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America[This work was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) under contracts TEC2008-06333, JCI-009-5805, and TEC2008-05490. Support by the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia through program PAID-06-09 and the Conselleria d'Educacio through program GV-2010-031 is acknowledged.García Castelló, J.; Toccafondo, V.; Pérez Millán, P.; Sánchez Losilla, N.; Cruz, JL.; Andres, MV.; García-Rupérez, J. (2011). Real-Time and Low-Cost Sensing Technique Based on Photonic Bandgap Structures. Optics Letters. 36(14):2707-2709. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.36.002707S270727093614Fan, X., White, I. M., Shopova, S. I., Zhu, H., Suter, J. D., & Sun, Y. (2008). Sensitive optical biosensors for unlabeled targets: A review. Analytica Chimica Acta, 620(1-2), 8-26. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2008.05.022Homola, J., Yee, S. S., & Gauglitz, G. (1999). Surface plasmon resonance sensors: review. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 54(1-2), 3-15. doi:10.1016/s0925-4005(98)00321-9Kersey, A. D., Davis, M. A., Patrick, H. J., LeBlanc, M., Koo, K. P., Askins, C. G., … Friebele, E. J. (1997). Fiber grating sensors. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 15(8), 1442-1463. doi:10.1109/50.618377De Vos, K., Bartolozzi, I., Schacht, E., Bienstman, P., & Baets, R. (2007). Silicon-on-Insulator microring resonator for sensitive and label-free biosensing. Optics Express, 15(12), 7610. doi:10.1364/oe.15.007610Iqbal, M., Gleeson, M. A., Spaugh, B., Tybor, F., Gunn, W. G., Hochberg, M., … Gunn, L. C. (2010). Label-Free Biosensor Arrays Based on Silicon Ring Resonators and High-Speed Optical Scanning Instrumentation. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 16(3), 654-661. doi:10.1109/jstqe.2009.2032510Xu, D.-X., Vachon, M., Densmore, A., Ma, R., Delâge, A., Janz, S., … Schmid, J. H. (2010). Label-free biosensor array based on silicon-on-insulator ring resonators addressed using a WDM approach. Optics Letters, 35(16), 2771. doi:10.1364/ol.35.002771Skivesen, N., Têtu, A., Kristensen, M., Kjems, J., Frandsen, L. H., & Borel, P. I. (2007). Photonic-crystal waveguide biosensor. Optics Express, 15(6), 3169. doi:10.1364/oe.15.003169Lee, M. R., & Fauchet, P. M. (2007). Nanoscale microcavity sensor for single particle detection. Optics Letters, 32(22), 3284. doi:10.1364/ol.32.003284García-Rupérez, J., Toccafondo, V., Bañuls, M. J., Castelló, J. G., Griol, A., Peransi-Llopis, S., & Maquieira, Á. (2010). Label-free antibody detection using band edge fringes in SOI planar photonic crystal waveguides in the slow-light regime. Optics Express, 18(23), 24276. doi:10.1364/oe.18.024276Toccafondo, V., García-Rupérez, J., Bañuls, M. J., Griol, A., Castelló, J. G., Peransi-Llopis, S., & Maquieira, A. (2010). Single-strand DNA detection using a planar photonic-crystal-waveguide-based sensor. Optics Letters, 35(21), 3673. doi:10.1364/ol.35.003673Luff, B. J., Wilson, R., Schiffrin, D. J., Harris, R. D., & Wilkinson, J. S. (1996). Integrated-optical directional coupler biosensor. Optics Letters, 21(8), 618. doi:10.1364/ol.21.000618Sepúlveda, B., Río, J. S. del, Moreno, M., Blanco, F. J., Mayora, K., Domínguez, C., & Lechuga, L. M. (2006). Optical biosensor microsystems based on the integration of highly sensitive Mach–Zehnder interferometer devices. Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics, 8(7), S561-S566. doi:10.1088/1464-4258/8/7/s41Densmore, A., Vachon, M., Xu, D.-X., Janz, S., Ma, R., Li, Y.-H., … Schmid, J. H. (2009). Silicon photonic wire biosensor array for multiplexed real-time and label-free molecular detection. Optics Letters, 34(23), 3598. doi:10.1364/ol.34.003598Povinelli, M. L., Johnson, S. G., & Joannopoulos, J. D. (2005). Slow-light, band-edge waveguides for tunable time delays. Optics Express, 13(18), 7145. doi:10.1364/opex.13.007145Garcia, J., Sanchis, P., Martinez, A., & Marti, J. (2008). 1D periodic structures for slow-wave induced non-linearity enhancement. Optics Express, 16(5), 3146. doi:10.1364/oe.16.003146Pérez-Millán, P., Torres-Peiró, S., Cruz, J. L., & Andrés, M. V. (2008). Fabrication of chirped fiber Bragg gratings by simple combination of stretching movements. Optical Fiber Technology, 14(1), 49-53. doi:10.1016/j.yofte.2007.07.00

Gene3D: comprehensive structural and functional annotation of genomes

Gene3D provides comprehensive structural and functional annotation of most available protein sequences, including the UniProt, RefSeq and Integr8 resources. The main structural annotation is generated through scanning these sequences against the CATH structural domain database profile-HMM library. CATH is a database of manually derived PDB-based structural domains, placed within a hierarchy reflecting topology, homology and conservation and is able to infer more ancient and divergent homology relationships than sequence-based approaches. This data is supplemented with Pfam-A, other non-domain structural predictions (i.e. coiled coils) and experimental data from UniProt. In order to enhance the investigations possible with this data, we have also incorporated a variety of protein annotation resources, including protein–protein interaction data, GO functional assignments, KEGG pathways, FUNCAT functional descriptions and links to microarray expression data. All of this data can be accessed through a newly re-designed website that has a focus on flexibility and clarity, with searches that can be restricted to a single genome or across the entire sequence database. Currently Gene3D contains over 3.5 million domain assignments for nearly 5 million proteins including 527 completed genomes. This is available at: http://gene3d.biochem.ucl.ac.uk

Fiber Bragg grating as an optical filter tuned by a magnetic field

We describe a novel tunable optical filter for use in optical-frequency-domain multiplexed communication systems. The shift in the Bragg condition of a fiber Bragg grating as a result of magnetically induced circular birefringence is calculated with coupled-mode theory on the basis of circular states of polarization, and the values obtained for silica and terbium-doped optical fibers are compared

The Microbe browser for comparative genomics

The Microbe browser is a web server providing comparative microbial genomics data. It offers comprehensive, integrated data from GenBank, RefSeq, UniProt, InterPro, Gene Ontology and the Orthologs Matrix Project (OMA) database, displayed along with gene predictions from five software packages. The Microbe browser is daily updated from the source databases and includes all completely sequenced bacterial and archaeal genomes. The data are displayed in an easy-to-use, interactive website based on Ensembl software. The Microbe browser is available at http://microbe.vital-it.ch/. Programmatic access is available through the OMA application programming interface (API) at http://microbe.vital-it.ch/api

Whole-profile soil organic matter content, composition, and stability under cropping systems that differ in belowground inputs

Subsoils have been identified as a potential carbon sink because they typically have low soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations and high SOC stability. One proposed strategy to increase SOC stocks is to enhance C inputs to the subsoil by increasing crop rotation diversity with deep-rooted perennial crops. Using three long-term field trials in Iowa (study durations of 60, 35, and 12 years), we examined the effects of contrasting cropping systems [maize (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) (= two-year system) vs. maize-soybean-oat (Avena sativa L.)/alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)-alfalfa or maize-maize-oat/alfalfa-alfalfa (= four-year system)] on above- and below-ground C inputs, as well as the content, biochemical composition, and distribution of SOC among physical fractions differing in stability to 90 cm depth. Average annual total C inputs were similar in the two-year and four-year systems, but the proportion of C delivered belowground was 20–35 % greater in the four-year system. Despite the long duration of these studies, the effect of cropping system on SOC content to 90 cm was inconsistent across trials, ranging from −7 % to +16 % in the four-year relative to the two-year system. At the one site where SOC was significantly greater in the four-year system, the effect of cropping system on SOC content was observed in surface and subsoil layers rather than limited to the subsoil (i.e., below 30 cm). Cropping system had minimal effects on biochemical indicators of plant-derived organic matter or on the proportions of SOC in labile particulate organic matter versus stable mineral-associated organic matter. We conclude that adoption of cropping systems with enhanced belowground C inputs may increase total profile SOC, but the effect is minimal and inconsistent; furthermore, it has minor impact on the vertical distribution, biochemical composition, and stability of SOC in Mollisols of the Midwest U.S

Simultaneous interrogation of interferometric and Bragg grating sensors

We propose a new method for the simultaneous interrogation of conventional two-beam interferometers and Bragg grating sensors. The technique employs an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer illuminated by a single low coherence source, which acts as a wavelength-tunable source for the grating and as a path-matched filter for the Fizeau interferometer, thus providing a high phase resolution output for each sensor. The grating sensor demonstrates a dynamic strain resolution of ~0.05 µ.epsilon/√Hz at 20 Hz, while the interferometric phase resolution is better than 1 mrad/√Hz at 20 Hz, corresponding to an rms mirror displacement of 0.08 nm