Portuguese Adaptation of Students Engagement in Schools International Scale (SESIS)

The importance of student’s engagement has been recently pointed out in research. However, there has been a lack of engagement assessment instrument, pertaining psychometric qualities. Objective: This paper presents the Portuguese adaptation of the “Student’s Engagement in School International Scale” (SESIS), drawn up from a12 countries international study (Lam et al., 2012; Lam et al., in press). Method: Psychometric properties of this scale were examined with data from 685 students from different grades (6th, 7th, 9th and 10th), from both sexes, and different regions of the country. Results: Factorial analysis of the results, with varimax rotation, lead to three different factors which explain 50.88% of the variance. The scale integrates the original 33 items, and cognitive, affective and behavioural dimensions. For the external validity study, the relationship between student’s engagement in school results and other school variables — academic performance, self-concept — was considered, and significant relations were observed, as expected. Conclusion: The data presented highlights the qualities of SESIS, as well as its usefulness for research purposes. Suggestion: It is suggested the investigation of the extension of SESIS’s three-dimensionality, in future studiesKeywords: Innovation, technology, research projects, etc. [Arial 10-point, justified alignment]

Childhood obesity and reduction of hours of sleep: results from cross-sectional study

Childhood obesity is a prevalent condition in modern societies which can negatively impact people's health during life. Although there are several factors contributing to obesity, sleep duration has been pointed out as an important risk factor. This study, held in the district of Porto, Portugal, aimed to analyze the association between sleep duration and the nutritional status of school-aged children studying in Portugal. 1396 students from 35 and 3 public and private schools, respectively, were contacted, of which 829 participated in this study (9.2 +/- 0.38 years old; 50.3% male; 49.7% female). Age, sex, sleep duration, height, weight and body composition were registered trough a questionnaire. According to the obtained z-score for Body Mass Index (BMI), 22.9% of the children were overweight and 15.2% were obese. The mean of sleep duration was 9.7 +/- 1.08 hours and z-score for BMI was 0.78 +/- 1.21, demonstrating a statistically significant (p<0.01) weak negative correlation (r=-0.15) between sleep duration and z-score of BMI. Results were also stratified and analyzed by sex, and the same finding was observed. Therefore, the results suggest a negative association between sleep duration and overweight/obesity in these children. Although more studies are necessary, this finding highlights the need of a global approach which includes sleep assessment and counselling when promoting an appropriate nutritional status

Do students with immigrant and native parents perceive themselves as equally engaged in school during adolescence?

Student engagement in school needs to be considered when comparing immigrant and native students, particularly at a timeof increasing migratory movements throughout the world. Diferences in cognitive, afective, behavioral, and agentic studentengagement dimensions were examined for students with immigrant and native parents, and for early and middle adolescence.A four-dimensional measure of student engagement was completed by 643 students (52.7% women). Results indicated that:students with native parents present higher cognitive and agentic engagement than students with immigrant parents; earlyadolescents are more cognitively engaged than middle adolescents; early adolescents with native parents present highercognitive engagement than early adolescents with immigrant parents and middle adolescents. These results contribute toknowledge advancement, enhancing the understanding of student engagement with immigrant and native parents duringearly and middle adolescence, which might stimulate additional research moving towards a more inclusive school. Basedon the fndings and conclusions from this study, possibilities for future research and political-educational recommendationsare presented.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Do students with immigrant and native parents perceive themselves as equally engaged in school during adolescence?

Student engagement in school needs to be considered when comparing immigrant and native students, particularly at a time of increasing migratory movements throughout the world. Differences in cognitive, affective, behavioral, and agentic student engagement dimensions were examined for students with immigrant and native parents, and for early and middle adolescence. A four-dimensional measure of student engagement was completed by 643 students (52.7% women). Results indicated that: students with native parents present higher cognitive and agentic engagement than students with immigrant parents; early adolescents are more cognitively engaged than middle adolescents; early adolescents with native parents present higher cognitive engagement than early adolescents with immigrant parents and middle adolescents. These results contribute to knowledge advancement, enhancing the understanding of student engagement with immigrant and native parents during early and middle adolescence, which might stimulate additional research moving towards a more inclusive school. Based on the findings and conclusions from this study, possibilities for future research and political-educational recommendations are presented.This study received national funding from the FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, IP, within the scope of the UIDEF - Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Educação e Formação, Reference UIDB/04107/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A review of mycotoxins in food and feed products in Portugal and estimation of probable daily intakes

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that occur naturally in agricultural commodities worldwide. Aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, patulin, fumonisins, zearalenone, trichothecenes and ergot alkaloids are presently the most important for food and feed safety. These compounds are produced by several species that belong to the Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium and Claviceps genera and can be carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, cytotoxic, neurotoxic, nephrotoxic, estrogenic and immunosuppressant. Human and animal exposure to mycotoxins is generally assessed by taking into account data on the occurrence of mycotoxins in food and feed as well as data on the consumption patterns of the concerned population. This evaluation is crucial to support measures to reduce consumer exposure to mycotoxins. This work reviews the occurrence and levels of mycotoxins in Portuguese food and feed to provide a global overview of this issue in Portugal. With the information collected, the exposure of the Portuguese population to those mycotoxins is assessed, and the estimated dietary intakes are presented.Lu ıs Abrunhosa, H ector Morales, C elia Soares, and Thalita Calado received support through grants SFRH/BPD/43922/ 2008, SFRH/BPD/38011/2007, SFRH/BD/37264/2007 and SFRH/BD/79364/2011, respectively, from the Fundac¸ ao para ~ a Ciencia e Tecnologia ^ –FCT, Portugal

Exploring the short-term and maintained effects of strategic instruction on the writing of 4th grade students: should strategies be focused on the process?

p.1769-1790The principal aim of strategy-focused instruction is to teach students strategies to control their writing processes and achieve quality writing. For this purpose, nine 4th grade Elementary School classes from three diferent schools (N=215) were randomly allocated to two forms of strategy-focused program called cognitive selfregulation instruction (CSRI). The full-CSRI (experimental condition 1, n=72) taught students a strategic approach to set appropriate product goals along with planning strategies. However, in the brief-CSRI (experimental condition 2, n=69), the direct teaching of planning procedures was removed. These two experimental conditions were compared with a control condition (n=74). We used a pre-test/posttest design and we also collected a maintenance writing performance 7 months after the intervention. Writing performance was holistically evaluated through readerbased measures made up of aspects related to structure, coherence, and quality. Only the full-CSRI condition wrote better compare–contrast texts than the control group in both the short term and at the maintenance timepoint. The study discusses the efects of the intervention on each measure and whether or not it is necessary to train process strategiesS

Ochratoxin A in Portugal: A Review to Assess Human Exposure

In Portugal, the climate, dietary habits, and food contamination levels present the characteristics for higher population susceptibility to ochratoxin A (OTA), one of the known mycotoxins with the greatest public health and agro-economic importance. In this review, following a brief historical insight on OTA research, a summary of the available data on OTA occurrence in food (cereals, bread, wine, meat) and biological fluids (blood, urine) is made. With this data, an estimation of intake is made to ascertain and update the risk exposure estimation of the Portuguese population, in comparison to previous studies and other populations

Livro de Atas do III Encontro Internacional de História da Enfermagem: a enfermagem na oficina de Clio: perspetivas históricas em torno dos cuidados de saúde

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Consumption of Fast Food Favors Weight Increase in Young Hellenic Navy Personnel: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study

Introduction: Dietary habits and physical exercise have independently been recognized as important contributors to weight loss. However, the relative effect of diet and exercise on body weight is still unclear and warrants further investigation. We investigated the causes related to changes in body mass index (BMI) in a sample of young adult Greek Navy recruits over 10 years. Materials and Methods: We conducted a single-center prospective observational study, including consecutive healthy young adult officers and sailors (&gt;18 years) at the Salamis Naval Base, Salamis, Attiki, Greece. BMI was calculated at the baseline visit. A questionnaire was selected to gather data regarding daily food consumption and daily physical exercise. The participants were followed up for 10 years (2005-2014). Results: Two hundred eighty-four young adults [mean age 31.1 ± 3.1 years; 25 (8.8%) females and 259 (91.2%) males] were included. Baseline median BMI was 24.1 kg/m2, while 10 years later, median BMI was 24.8 kg/m2 (P &lt; 0.001). Physical activity was not significantly related to BMI change (P = 0.153). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between BMI increase and frequent fast food consumption (P = 0.044). Conclusions: Frequent fast food consumption is linked with a significant BMI increase, irrespective of physical activity. This has obvious dietary implications and needs to be examined in the general population. © Copyright 2020, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc