Detaching from the negative by reappraisal: the role of right superior frontal gyrus (BA9/32)

The ability to reappraise the emotional impact of events is related to long-term mental health. Self-focused reappraisal (REAPPself), i.e., reducing the personal relevance of the negative events, has been previously associated with neural activity in regions near right medial prefrontal cortex, but rarely investigated among brain-damaged individuals. Thus, we aimed to examine the REAPPself ability of brain-damaged patients and healthy controls considering structural atrophies and gray matter intensities, respectively. Twenty patients with well-defined cortex lesions due to an acquired circumscribed tumor or cyst and 23 healthy controls performed a REAPPself task, in which they had to either observe negative stimuli or decrease emotional responding by REAPPself. Next, they rated the impact of negative arousal and valence. REAPPself ability scores were calculated by subtracting the negative picture ratings after applying REAPPself from the ratings of the observing condition. The scores of the patients were included in a voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis to identify deficit related areas (ROI). Then, a ROI group-wise comparison was performed. Additionally, a whole-brain voxel-based-morphometry (VBM) analysis was run, in which healthy participant's REAPPself ability scores were correlated with gray matter intensities. Results showed that (1) regions in the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), comprising the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA9) and the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (BA32), were associated with patient's impaired down-regulation of arousal, (2) a lesion in the depicted ROI occasioned significant REAPPself impairments, (3) REAPPself ability of controls was linked with increased gray matter intensities in the ROI regions. Our findings show for the first time that the neural integrity and the structural volume of right SFG regions (BA9/32) might be indispensable for REAPPself. Implications for neurofeedback research are discussed.Fil: Falquez, Rosalux. University of Heidelberg; AlemaniaFil: Couto, Juan Blas Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva. Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva; ArgentinaFil: Ibáñez Barassi, Agustín Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva. Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva; ArgentinaFil: Freitag, Martin T.. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Berger, Moritz. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Arens, Elisabeth A.. University of Heidelberg; AlemaniaFil: Lang, Simone. University of Heidelberg; AlemaniaFil: Barnow, Sven. University of Heidelberg; Alemani

Identification of wine related yeast species by capillary electrophoresis single- strand conformation polymorphism

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - POCI 2010; POCTI/AGR/56102/2004.FEDER.AGRO (ENOSAFE, Nº 762)

Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Risk of Breast Cancer

Background: A Mediterranean diet has a recognized beneficial effect on health and longevity, with a protective influence on several cancers. However, its association with breast cancer risk remains unclear. Objective: We aimed to investigate whether adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern influences breast cancer risk. Design: The Swedish Women’s Lifestyle and Health cohort study includes 49,258 women aged 30 to 49 years at recruitment in 1991–1992. Consumption of foods and beverages was measured at enrollment using a food frequency questionnaire. A Mediterranean diet score was constructed based on the consumption of alcohol, vegetables, fruits, legumes, cereals, fish, the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fat, and dairy and meat products. Relative risks (RR) for breast cancer and specific tumor characteristics (invasiveness, histological type, estrogen/progesterone receptor status, malignancy grade and stage) associated with this score were estimated using Cox regression controlling for potential confounders. Results: 1,278 incident breast cancers were diagnosed. Adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern was not statistically significantly associated with reduced risk of breast cancer overall, or with specific breast tumor characteristics. A RR (95% confidence interval) for breast cancer associated with a two-point increment in the Mediterranean diet score was 1.08 (1.00–1.15) in all women, and 1.10 (1.01–1.21) and 1.02 (0.91–1.15) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, respectively. When alcohol was excluded from the Mediterranean diet score, results became not statistically significant. Conclusions: Adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern did not decrease breast cancer risk in this cohort of relatively young women

Identification of wine related yeast species by capillary electrophoresis single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (CE-SSCP) of the 26S rRNA Gene

Financially supported by the programs POCI 2010 (FEDER/FCT, POCTI/AGR/56102/2004, POCTI/AGR/56771/2004), and AGRO (ENOSAFE, Nº 762)

Viver para ser velho? cuidado de si, envelhecimento e juvenilização

O artigo parte do princípio de que na cibercultura a tecnociência, os meios de comunicação e o mercado oferecem diversificados cardápios de técnicas, produtos e conselhos para aumentar progressivamente a quantidade e a qualidade de vida. Nesse contexto, tradicionais fronteiras entre juventude e envelhecimento são progressivamente questionadas, desafiadas, borradas e vencidas. A juventude eterna passa a ser um projeto político, científico e amplamente sedutor. Este artigo se inscreve no debate em torno dessas questões, colocando em dúvida alguns discursos que ressaltam uma certa valorização da velhice. O argumento principal que desenvolvemos é o de que discursos e representações amplamente difundidos sobre as diversas possibilidades de manter a aparência juvenil dos corpos em processo de envelhecimento são indicativos de que este só é celebrado na medida em que estes corpos se submetem a um conjunto de intervenções técnicas que visam o seu rejuvenescimento. Assim, o que defendemos neste ensaio é que a valorização do envelhecimento vem articulada a um processo de intensa juvenilização da velhice. É por meio de sua juvenilização que a velhice tem sido positivamente enfocada e se coloca no centro das performances físicas e mentais prescritas para, e demandadas dessa população

Políticas Públicas de Saúde:: um estudo de caso no Centro de Especialidade Odontológica do Consórcio Público de Saúde da Microrregião de Russas - CE

This article aims to present the actions of Dental Specialities Centre – CEO Russas Regional, health unit managed by the Consortium of Public Health – CE Microregion Russas - CE ((CPSMR), during the period July 2010 to December 2011, with regard to the implementation of public policies for oral health. In this sense, describes the formation and functioning of that consortium, the allotment contracts, contracts of program, as well as analyzes the results obtained by CEO –Russas Regional, depending on the performance indicators provided for in contractual instruments. By appropriate, recounts the difficulties faced by the Russas Regional CEO and points suggestions for improvements. In the end, highlights the benefits of associated management public health service and concludes by public policy implementation feasibility of health by the public consortium set up according to the model of the current legislation.Este artigo tem por objetivo descrever a atuação do Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas – CEO Regional de Russas, unidade de saúde gerenciada pelo Consórcio Público de Saúde da Microrregião de Russas – CE (CPSMR), no período de julho de 2010 a dezembro de 2011, no tocante à implementação de políticas públicas de saúde bucal. Nesse sentido, apresenta o modo de constituição e de funcionamento do referido consórcio, os contratos de rateio, os contratos de programa, bem como analisa os resultados obtidos pelo CEO – Regional de Russas, em função dos indicadores de desempenho previstos nos instrumentos contratuais. Por oportuno, relata as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo CEO Regional de Russas e aponta sugestões de melhorias. Ao final, destaca as vantagens decorrentes da gestão associada do serviço público de saúde e conclui pela viabilidade de implementação de política pública de saúde por consórcio público instituídosegundo o modelo da atual legislação

Alcohol consumption, body mass index and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor status: Women Lifestyle and Health Study

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.Abstract Background We aimed to estimate the effect of alcohol consumption on breast cancer risk and to test whether overweight and obesity modifies this association. Methods We included in the analysis 45,233 women enrolled in the Swedish Womens Lifestyle and Health study between 1991 and 1992. Participants were followed for occurrence of breast cancer and death until December 2009. Poisson regression models were used, and analyses were done for overall breast cancer and for estrogen receptor positive or negative (ER+, ER-) and progesterone receptor positive and negative (PR+, PR-) tumors separately. Results A total of 1,385 breast cancer cases were ascertained during the follow-up period. Overall, we found no statistically significant association between alcohol intake and breast cancer risk after adjustment for confounding, with an estimated relative risk (RR) of 1.01 (95 % CI: 0.98–1.04) for an increment in alcohol consumption of 5 g/day. A statistically significant elevated breast cancer risk associated with higher alcohol consumption was found only among women with BMI ≤25 (RR 1.03, 95 % CI 1.0–1.05 per 5 g/day increase). Conclusion An increase in breast cancer risk with higher alcohol consumption was found for breast cancers in women with a BMI ≤25 kg/m2

Adquisición del aspecto en español por aprendices chinos

spa] Este trabajo se centra en la adquisición del pretérito indefinido yelpretérito imperfecto del español por aprendices chinos. A partir de investigaciones anteriores, predecimos que las diferencias del sistema aspectual entre el chino mandaríny el español pueden suponer un reto para los aprendices en el uso y comprensión del aspecto en la interlengua. Además, creemos que la adquisición del aspecto no está sincronizada en el nivel morfológico y semántico. A través de una prueba de gramatical y una de comprensión, descubrimos que las diferencias de los sistemas aspectuales entre la L1 y la L2 causan dificultad enlos aprendices. Asimismo, nuestros datos apoyan que la adquisición del aspecto en el nivel morfológico ocurre más temprano que la adquisición en el nivel semántico. Palabras clave:adquisición del aspecto en L2 español, L1 chino mandarín, adquisición morfología, adquisición semántica

Recommendations for the introduction of metagenomic high-throughput sequencing in clinical virology, part I:Wet lab procedure

Metagenomic high-throughput sequencing (mHTS) is a hypothesis-free, universal pathogen detection technique for determination of the DNA/RNA sequences in a variety of sample types and infectious syndromes. mHTS is still in its early stages of translating into clinical application. To support the development, implementation and standardization of mHTS procedures for virus diagnostics, the European Society for Clinical Virology (ESCV) Network on Next-Generation Sequencing (ENNGS) has been established. The aim of ENNGS is to bring together professionals involved in mHTS for viral diagnostics to share methodologies and experiences, and to develop application recommendations. This manuscript aims to provide practical recommendations for the wet lab procedures necessary for implementation of mHTS for virus diagnostics and to give recommendations for development and validation of laboratory methods, including mHTS quality assurance, control and quality assessment protocols