Common and almost common knowledge of credible assignments in a coordination game

We build on Van Huyck, Gillette and Battalio (1992) and examine the efficacy of credible assignments in a stag-hunt type coordination game with two Pareto-ranked equilibria, one payoff dominant and the other risk dominant. The majority of our subjects fail to coordinate to the payoff dominant outcome when no assignment is made. However, the majority of them always coordinate to the payoff dominant outcome when an assignment is made. This happens regardless of whether the assignment is “almost common knowledge†or “common knowledgeâ€.Coordination

Preparation and Properties of Organically Modified Na-Montmorillonite

This study investigates the montmorillonite (MMT) content, rotational viscosity, and colloidal index of sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) as a function of the sodium agent dosage, reaction time, reaction temperature, and stirring time. Na-MMT was modified using different octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (OTAC) dosages under optimal sodification conditions. The organically modified MMT products were characterized via infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the Na-MMT with good properties (i.e., the maximum rotational viscosity and highest Na-MMT content with no decrease in the colloid index) was obtained at a 2.8% sodium carbonate dosage (measured based on the MMT mass), a temperature of 25 °C, and a reaction time of two hours. Upon organic modification of the optimized Na-MMT, OTAC entered the NA-MMT interlayer, and the contact angle was increased from 20.0° to 61.4°, the layer spacing was increased from 1.58 to 2.47 nm, and the thermal stability was conspicuously increased. Thus, MMT and Na-MMT were modified by the OTAC modifier