Structure, activity, and drug-likeness of pure compounds of Sumatran lichen (Stereocaulon halei) for the targeted ACE2 protein in COVID-19 disease

Sumatran lichen has the potential as antiviral, pure isolates that have been isolated and developed as prospective compounds for COVID-19 treatment. Computational methods were used to accelerate the discovery and screening of potential new compounds. The molecular structures of the isolated compounds such as Lobarin, Atranorin, Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate, Methyl 3‐formyl‐2,4‐dihydroxy‐6‐methylbenzoate, Ethyl 3-formyl-2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate, and Lobaric acid were drawn, then their activities were analyzed, processed by docking with ACE2 protein, and tested for Druglikeness. The activities and druglikeness were determined in the Swiss ADME program, while the ACE2 docking was processed by Blind Docking in Arguslab, AutoDock Vina, Open Babel, and Discovery Studio Visualizer programs. All compounds bound to the ACE2 protein, as apparent from the number of hydrogen bonds between the two. The Gibbs free energy was in the range of -5.6 to -7.0, and the best one was obtained from atranorin. As for lobarin, this compound was found to be non-drug-like

Edukasi Titik Kritis Kehalalan Produk Pangan, Kosmetik, dan Obat-Obatan Menggunakan Flowchart pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Analis Kimia (SMAKPA) Padang

Halal products are crucial for consumers. In Islam, halal and wholesome food consumption is vital for maintaining physical and spiritual well-being. The Indonesian government mandates halal product certification by Law No. 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Assurance. The critical points in determining the halal status of a product refer to processes or ingredients in its production that may potentially involve, contain, or mix with haram substances. Nevertheless, many students lack a clear understanding of halal and haram principles. This knowledge is essential to help students avoid using forbidden ingredients in Islamic teachings. Padang Chemical Analyst High School (SMAKPA) students are the targets of this service because vocational school students must have work-ready skills. Before the education session, a pre-test was conducted to assess the student's understanding of the material presentation. Education was delivered using a flowchart to enhance engagement and comprehension. The content encompasses the concepts of halal and haram in Islam, the responsible parties for halal certification, halal logos, and the analysis of critical points in the halal status of food, cosmetics, and medications. Following the material presentation, a post-test was administered, followed by a question and answer session to evaluate the students' understanding. Pre-tests and post-tests were employed to assess student comprehension, with pre-test scores averaging 99 and post-test scores at 99.5. Through this educational initiative, students gain a comprehensive understanding of the Critical Points of Halal Status in Food, Cosmetics, and Medications using a flowchar

Homology modeling and mutation prediction of ACE2 from COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2 has become a pandemic in the world. The virus binds to the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, which is found in epithelial cells such as in the lungs, to generate the pathology of COVID-19. It is essential to analyze the characteristics of ACE2 in understanding the development of the disease and study potential new drugs. The analysis was carried out using computer simulations to speed up protein analysis that utilized Artificial Intelligence technology, databases, and big data. Homology modeling is a method to exhibit homologous of protein families, hence the model and arrangement of protein sequences modeled are established. This research aims to determine the possibility of mutations in ACE2 by performing the mutation prediction. The result shows reliable homologous modeling with the score of GA341, MPQS, Z-DOPE, and TSVMod NO35 were 1; 1.28252; -0.47; and 0.793, respectively. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis describes that ACE2 has a molecular transport function in cells while there are no mutations found occurred in ACE2 analyzed using SIFT and PROVEAN

Homology modeling and mutation prediction of ACE2 from COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2 has become a pandemic in the world. The virus binds to the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, which is found in epithelial cells such as in the lungs, to generate the pathology of COVID-19. It is essential to analyze the characteristics of ACE2 in understanding the development of the disease and study potential new drugs. The analysis was carried out using computer simulations to speed up protein analysis that utilized Artificial Intelligence technology, databases, and big data. Homology modeling is a method to exhibit homologous of protein families, hence the model and arrangement of protein sequences modeled are established. This research aims to determine the possibility of mutations in ACE2 by performing the mutation prediction. The result shows reliable homologous modeling with the score of GA341, MPQS, Z-DOPE, and TSVMod NO35 were 1; 1.28252; -0.47; and 0.793, respectively. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis describes that ACE2 has a molecular transport function in cells while there are no mutations found occurred in ACE2 analyzed using SIFT and PROVEAN.

PEMBUATAN PRODUK SABUN CAIR DARI ECO-ENZYME DI KELURAHAN ANDALAS KECAMATAN PADANG TIMUR KOTA PADANG

Eco-Enzyme, a multifunctional liquid produced from a mixture of organic waste such as vegetables, fruits, brown sugar, coconut sugar, corn sugar, sugarcane, and water that has undergone fermentation, has various benefits for the environment and human health. Eco-Enzyme contains beneficial enzymes that accelerate biochemical reactions in the environment. The enzymes found in Eco-Enzyme can be used for various applications, such as organic liquid fertilizer for plants, an additive in detergents, floor cleaners, pesticide residue cleaners, and rust removers. Using Eco-Enzyme as a liquid soap can help reduce soil pollution. Meanwhile, using Eco-Enzyme as a cleaning agent can help reduce the use of hazardous chemicals that damage the environment. This integrated program is carried out in three stages: the first is to socialize the benefits of using Eco-Enzyme, the second is to make Eco-Enzyme, and the third is to make soap from Eco-Enzyme. The production of Eco-Enzyme begins with the collection of organic waste consisting of fruit and vegetable waste, which is then mixed with brown sugar and water and left to ferment for three months. After the Eco-Enzyme product is ready, soap-making uses ingredients such as potassium hydroxide (KOH), coconut oil, cooking oil, distilled water, orange-scented perfume, and Eco-Enzyme. Training on Eco-Enzyme and soap making is conducted in the Andalas Subdistrict, which is welcomed enthusiastically by the local community. This program is expected to serve as a reference for transforming organic waste into more practical and environmentally friendly sustainable products

Pulmonary CT and MRI phenotypes that help explain chronic pulmonary obstruction disease pathophysiology and outcomes

Pulmonary x-ray computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research and development has been motivated, in part, by the quest to subphenotype common chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). For thoracic CT and MRI, the main COPD research tools, disease biomarkers are being validated that go beyond anatomy and structure to include pulmonary functional measurements such as regional ventilation, perfusion, and inflammation. In addition, there has also been a drive to improve spatial and contrast resolution while at the same time reducing or eliminating radiation exposure. Therefore, this review focuses on our evolving understanding of patient-relevant and clinically important COPD endpoints and how current and emerging MRI and CT tools and measurements may be exploited for their identification, quantification, and utilization. Since reviews of the imaging physics of pulmonary CT and MRI and reviews of other COPD imaging methods were previously published and well-summarized, we focus on the current clinical challenges in COPD and the potential of newly emerging MR and CT imaging measurements to address them. Here we summarize MRI and CT imaging methods and their clinical translation for generating reproducible and sensitive measurements of COPD related to pulmonary ventilation and perfusion as well as parenchyma morphology. The key clinical problems in COPD provide an important framework in which pulmonary imaging needs to rapidly move in order to address the staggering burden, costs, as well as the mortality and morbidity associated with COPD

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