23 research outputs found
CUIDADOS DE MÉDICOS GENERALISTAS PARA PACIENTES COM INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO (IAM) ATENDIDOS NA EMERGÊNCIA CARDIOLÓGICA: BREVE ESTUDO
Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) has emerged as a major public health issue both in Brazil and globally. It has a considerable morbidity and lethality rate. The primary aim was to carry out a brief investigation of the literature on emergency interventions in individuals suspected of suffering an AMI, as well as factors associated with pre-hospital delay in deciding to seek medical attention and in arriving at an emergency medical service after the onset of symptoms. The research took the form of a thorough literature review, which was conducted on platforms such as LILACS, SCIELO, PUBMED, BVS, among others. The journals were selected between June and September 2023. The descriptors used included: "Emergency", "Patient care" and "Cardiac ischemia". After applying the inclusion criteria, 30 studies remained. In the case of individuals affected by AMI, whose demand for intervention becomes urgent, primary care implies emergency procedures aimed at preventing the condition from progressing to a more severe stage, which could culminate in fatalities. It follows, then, that immediate intervention in patients suspected of having a sudden cardiac muscle aneurysm is a key aspect of the patient's prognosis, since proper assessment, agile diagnosis and the start of appropriate therapy have the potential to mitigate the damage caused by this clinical manifestation.O Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio (IAM) emerge como uma questão preponderante na esfera da saúde pública tanto no Brasil quanto globalmente. Revela-se mediante uma considerável morbidez e letalidade. O intento primordial consistiu em conduzir uma sucinta averiguação da literatura referente às intervenções emergenciais em indivíduos suspeitos de sofrer um IAM, além de fatores associados ao retardo pré-hospitalar quanto a demora na decisão para procura de atendimento médico e na chegada a um serviço médico de emergência após o início dos sintomas. A pesquisa materializou-se mediante uma minuciosa revisão bibliográfica, cuja busca se desenvolveu em plataformas como LILACS, SCIELO, PUBMED, BVS, dentre outras. Os periódicos foram selecionados no intervalo compreendido entre junho e setembro de 2023. Os Descritores empregados englobaram: “Emergência”, “Assistência ao paciente” e “Isquemia Cardíaca”. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, restaram xx fontes. No caso de indivíduos acometidos por IAM, cuja demanda por intervenção se torna premente, a atenção primária implica em procedimentos emergenciais direcionados a obstar a progressão da condição para um estágio mais severo, podendo culminar em fatalidades. Depreende-se, então, que a intervenção imediata em pacientes suspeitos de aneurisma súbito do músculo cardíaco figura como aspecto primordial para a evolução prognóstica do paciente, sendo que uma avaliação apropriada, diagnóstico ágil e início de terapêutica adequada têm o potencial de mitigar os danos ocasionados por essa manifestação clínica
Análise dos Indicadores de Neoplasia Maligna do Cólon no Brasil em 2024: Estudo Ecológico
INTRODUCTION: Malignant neoplasm of the colon, or colorectal cancer, is a serious condition that arises in the colon or rectum, with high prevalence and global mortality. In Brazil, the combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors contributes to its increase. This study analyzes the rates of hospitalizations, deaths and mortality due to colonic malignancy between January and May 2024, highlighting regional inequalities and the need for more effective health strategies. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to quantify and analyze the rates of hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates due to malignant neoplasia of the colon in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: The retrospective study with a quantitative approach used data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), provided by the SUS Information Technology Department (TABNET/DATASUS). The analysis covered hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates due to malignant colon neoplasia in Brazil from January to May 2024, using descriptive statistics and tabulation in Microsoft Excel 2016 and Microsoft Word 10 spreadsheets. RESULTS: Between January and May 2024, the Southeast Region led with 44.98% of hospitalizations and 58.28% of deaths due to malignant neoplasia of the colon, reflecting a high mortality rate of 10 .78. The North Region had the highest mortality rate (14.37) and only 1.78% of hospitalizations. The South and Northeast regions showed significant numbers, highlighting regional disparities in the management and treatment of colorectal cancer in Brazil. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the analysis of data on hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates due to malignant colon neoplasia in Brazil between January and May 2024 reveals notable regional disparities, highlighting inequality in access and quality of care. The Southeast Region has better rates due to a more advanced health infrastructure, while the North and Central-West face significant challenges. It is imperative to adopt more equitable healthcare policies and invest in infrastructure to reduce these inequities and improve outcomes for all patients.INTRODUÇÃO: Neoplasia maligna do cólon, ou câncer colorretal, é uma condição grave que surge no cólon ou reto, com alta prevalência e mortalidade global. No Brasil, a combinação de fatores genéticos, ambientais e de estilo de vida contribui para seu aumento. Este estudo analisa as taxas de internações, óbitos e mortalidade por neoplasia maligna do cólon entre janeiro e maio de 2024, destacando desigualdades regionais e a necessidade de estratégias de saúde mais eficazes. OBJETIVO: Este estudo visa quantificar e analisar as taxas de internações, óbitos e taxa de mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de cólon no Brasil. METODOLOGIA: O estudo retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa utilizou dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS (SIH/SUS), fornecidos pelo Departamento de Informática do SUS (TABNET/DATASUS). A análise abrangeu internações, óbitos e taxa de mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de cólon no Brasil de janeiro a maio de 2024, empregando estatística descritiva e tabulação em planilhas do Microsoft Excel 2016 e Microsoft Word 10. RESULTADOS: Entre janeiro e maio de 2024, a Região Sudeste liderou com 44,98% das internações e 58,28% dos óbitos por neoplasia maligna de cólon, refletindo uma alta taxa de mortalidade de 10,78. A Região Norte apresentou a maior taxa de mortalidade (14,37) e apenas 1,78% das internações. As regiões Sul e Nordeste mostraram números significativos, destacando disparidades regionais na gestão e tratamento do câncer colorretal no Brasil. CONCLUSÃO: Portanto, a análise dos dados de internações, óbitos e taxas de mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de cólon no Brasil entre janeiro e maio de 2024 revela notáveis disparidades regionais, destacando a desigualdade no acesso e na qualidade dos cuidados. A Região Sudeste apresenta melhores índices devido a uma infraestrutura de saúde mais avançada, enquanto Norte e Centro-Oeste enfrentam desafios significativos. É imperativo adotar políticas de saúde mais equitativas e investir em infraestrutura para reduzir essas desigualdades e melhorar os resultados para todos os pacientes
Avaliação e manejo cirúrgico de pacientes com trauma abdominal e lesões penetrantes
Abdominal trauma and penetrating injuries are significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, requiring a prompt and effective response from healthcare professionals. With the increase in urban violence, motor vehicle accidents, and traumatic events, proper management of these conditions becomes increasingly crucial to ensure the best chance of recovery for patients. For this review, searches were conducted in biomedical databases, including PubMed, Lilacs, and Scielo, using search terms related to abdominal trauma and penetrating injuries. Clinical studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses investigating the assessment and surgical management of these conditions were included. Data were extracted and analyzed for methodological quality, major surgical interventions performed, and associated clinical outcomes. The key findings of this review include the description of initial assessment findings, intraoperative findings, surgical interventions performed, intra and postoperative complications, long-term functional outcomes, and economic impact of surgical management of patients with abdominal trauma and penetrating injuries. The surgical management of patients with abdominal trauma and penetrating injuries is complex and challenging, requiring a multidisciplinary and diligent approach to ensure the best possible outcomes. This review highlights the importance of accurate initial assessment, timely surgical intervention, and adequate postoperative care to optimize clinical outcomes and quality of life for these patients.O trauma abdominal e as lesões penetrantes são causas importantes de morbidade e mortalidade em todo o mundo, exigindo uma resposta rápida e eficaz por parte dos profissionais de saúde. Com o aumento da violência urbana, acidentes automobilísticos e eventos traumáticos, o manejo adequado dessas condições se torna cada vez mais crucial para garantir a melhor chance de recuperação para os pacientes. Para esta revisão, foram realizadas buscas em bases de dados biomédicas, incluindo PubMed, Lilacs e Scielo, utilizando termos de busca relacionados ao trauma abdominal e lesões penetrantes. Foram incluídos estudos clínicos, revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises que investigaram a avaliação e o manejo cirúrgico dessas condições. Os dados foram extraídos e analisados quanto à qualidade metodológica, principais intervenções cirúrgicas realizadas e desfechos clínicos associados. Os principais resultados desta revisão incluem a descrição dos achados da avaliação inicial, achados intraoperatórios, intervenções cirúrgicas realizadas, complicações intra e pós-operatórias, desfechos funcionais a longo prazo e impacto econômico do manejo cirúrgico de pacientes com trauma abdominal e lesões penetrantes. O manejo cirúrgico de pacientes com trauma abdominal e lesões penetrantes é complexo e desafiador, exigindo uma abordagem multidisciplinar e diligente para garantir os melhores resultados possíveis. Esta revisão destaca a importância da avaliação inicial precisa, intervenção cirúrgica oportuna e cuidado pós-operatório adequado para otimizar os desfechos clínicos e a qualidade de vida desses pacientes
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4
While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge
of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In
the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of
Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus
crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced
environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian
Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by
2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status,
much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences
The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported
by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on
18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based
researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016
ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest
Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost
Frequency of low adherence and related factors in older adults treated in Ponto dos Volantes, in the Jequitinhonha Valley
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate adherence to medication treatment and possible associated factors in elderly patients interviewed during medical appointments in primary care units.
METHOD: This was a cross-sectional, population-based study of 57 older patients aged 60 to 99 years living in the municipality of Ponto dos Volantes, state of Minas Gerais, including rural and urban areas. Data were collected during medical appointments, using a structured electronic script. The association between the parameters and the level of adherence to treatment was assessed using the \u3c72 test, with a 95% confidence interval.
RESULTS: Among the elderly patients interviewed, 45 (78.9%) responded about adherence to treatment. Of these, 11 (24.4%) were included in the low adherence group. None “ of the parameters evaluated showed a statistically significant association with the classification of drug adherence.
CONCLUSION: The present study identified that 1 in every 4 patients had low adherence to drug treatment. Among the variables studied, notably sex, age, schooling, number of comorbidities, number of medications, and income, no statistically significant relationship was observed.</p