The Lighting design as the main tool in contemporary artistic production of a physical space environment

[EN] In this article, the importance of artificial light in the positioning of contemporary artistic production in the physical space environment is discussed. It is specifically reinforced in the study, how the environmental artistic production is identified in the project executive processes in different spatial strategies and has artificial light as the main tool in the practice of this artistic production around lighting design. It is noted that artificial light in the physical space environment, depending on its artistic production, has the power to connect and disconnect with all other elements of the spatial composition, among them: objects, surfaces and even subjects as observers. To help research in the field of Design, the influence of the spectator's perception is also analyzed, in a methodological approach, investigating the phenomenon of sensory experience. Therefore, the main objective of the article is to use conceptual methodological tools of Design - which are based from theory to design practice - and to show that the use of artificial light is the main and guiding element in the composition of environmental artistic production, where there is light, it is one of the most vigorous forms of communication languages in contemporary times. The spectator’s first sensory contact is visual, and light as an essential element of this process, works even if distant, capturing looks, attracting, and seducing observers to the ambiance, so this production becomes even more powerful. Therefore, in the composition of environmental artistic production, there is a strong visual presence, and the impact it has in contemporary times depends, to a considerable extent, on the boldness of the lighting design.[ES] En este artículo se discute la importancia de la luz artificial en el posicionamiento de la producción artística contemporánea en el entorno del espacio físico. Específicamente se refuerza en el estudio, cómo la producción artística ambiental se identifica en los procesos ejecutivos proyectuales en diferentes estrategias espaciales y, tiene a la luz artificial como herramienta principal en la práctica de esta producción artística en el área del diseño de iluminación. Es notado que la luz artificial en el entorno del espacio físico, dependiendo de su producción artística, puede conectar y desconectar-se con todos los demás elementos de la composición espacial, entre ellos: objetos, superficies e incluso los sujetos como observadores. Para fortalecer esta investigación en el campo del Diseño, también se ha analizado la influencia de la percepción del espectador, adentro de un enfoque metodológico, investigando el fenómeno de la experiencia sensorial. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal de este artículo es utilizar herramientas metodológicas conceptuales del Diseño - que se fundamentan desde la teoría hasta la práctica de lo mismo - y mostrar que el uso de la luz artificial es el elemento principal y rector en la composición de la producción artística ambiental, donde haya luz, hay una de las formas de lenguajes de comunicación más pujantes de la contemporaneidad. Se encontró que el primer contacto sensorial del espectador es predominantemente visual, y la luz es elemento esencial de este proceso, que funciona incluso a distancia, con el poder de captar miradas, atraer y seducir al observador hasta el ambiente, demostrando que su uso es aún más poderoso. Por tanto, en una composición ambiental artística con un fuerte atractivo visual encaminada al impacto contemporáneo, todo dependerá de la audacia del diseño de iluminación.[PT] Neste artigo discutimos a importância da luz artificial no posicionamento da produção artística contemporânea no ambiente do espaço físico. Especificamente, é reforçado no estudo, uma vez que a produção artística ambiental é identificada nos processos executivos do projeto em diferentes estratégias espaciais e tem a luz artificial como principal ferramenta na prática dessa composição na produção artística na área de design de iluminação. . Nota-se que a luz artificial no ambiente do espaço físico, dependendo de sua produção artística, tem o poder de conectar e desconectar com todos os demais elementos da composição ambiental, incluindo: objetos, superfícies e até sujeitos como observadores. Para auxiliar a pesquisa na área de Design, A influência da percepção do espectador também é analisada, em uma abordagem metodológica, e o fenômeno da experiência sensorial é investigado. Portanto, o objetivo principal do artigo é utilizar ferramentas metodológicas conceituais do Design -que se baseiam da teoria à prática do design- e mostrar que o uso da luz artificial é o elemento principal e norteador na composição da produção artística. há luz, uma das formas mais poderosas de linguagens de comunicação contemporâneas. Verifica-se que o primeiro contato sensorial do espectador é predominantemente visual e, como elemento essencial desse processo, a luz funciona, embora distante, captando olhares, atraindo e seduzindo os observadores para o ambiente, portanto, a composição torna-se ainda mais potente.Zmyslowski, E.; Prado, G. (2022). El diseño de iluminación como herramienta principal en la producción artística contemporánea de un entorno espacial físico. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 552-558. https://doi.org/10.4995/ANIAV2022.2022.15316OCS55255

Visual studies: artistic expressions in lighting design

[EN] This article presents discussions about the relations of visual studies in the expressions manifested between art and activism and will use as a guide element for analysis the artificial light. Specifically, the propose is to analyze the role of lighting design in express interventions in art, taking asagoaltheinvestigationin the studies of two works made by two visual artists: Marinella Senatore, southern Italy and Santarosa Barreto, from São Paulo, Brazil. It will allow in this study, a comparative analysis of interpretation, in both works exhibited, respectively; at the São Paulo International Art Bienal (2021) and at the São Paulo Art Museum (2018/19), which, in a way, refer to revolutionary and activist characteristics, in their artistic practices that characterize a strong collective and participatory dimension of a cultural social vision. Therefore, the main objective is to use conceptual methodological tools of Design from theory to practice to use Art as a language for breaking down barriers find atthe borders of different cultures. Thus, in these visual studies that will be analyzed, demonstrated,and discussed by the Lighting Design paths, how these relate to art and activism. In addition, the studies also offer tosociety the vision ofspectator with points of reflection, generating changes in the forms of manifestations, in addition to showing how ephemeral architectures create social, political,and cultural thematic narratives in contemporary times.[ES] Este artículo presenta discusiones sobre las relaciones de los estudios visuales en las expresiones manifestadas entre arte y activismo, y tendrá como elemento orientador de análisis la luz artificial. Específicamente, se propone analizar el papel del diseño de iluminación en las intervenciones exprés en el arte, tomando como objetivo, indagar via los estudios de dos obras de artistas visuales: Marinella Senatore, sur de Italia y Santarosa Barreto de São Paulo, Brasil. En este estudio se permitirá un análisis comparativo de interpretación, en ambas obras expuestas, respectivamente; en la Bienal Internacional de Arte de São Paulo (2021) y en el Museo de Arte de São Paulo (2000), que, en parte, remiten a características revolucionarias y activistas, en sus prácticas artísticas que reflejan una fuerte dimensión colectiva y participativa de una cultura visión social. Luego, el objetivo principal es utilizar las herramientas metodológicas conceptuales del Diseño, desde la teoría hasta la práctica, para utilizar el Arte como un lenguaje para romper las barreras entre las fronteras de las diferentes culturas. Así, estos estudios serán analizados, demostrados y discutidos por los caminos del Diseño de Iluminación y de qué manera se relacionancon el arte y el activismo. Además, también ofrecen a la sociedad puntos de reflexión para que sea espectadora, generando cambios en las formas de manifestaciones, además de mostrar cómo las arquitecturas efímeras crean narrativas temáticas sociales, políticas y culturales en la contemporaneidad.Zmyslowski, E.; Prado, G.; Venturelli, S. (2022). Estudios visuales: expresiones artísticas en el diseño de iluminación. ANIAV - Revista de Investigación en Artes Visuales. (11):31-40. https://doi.org/10.4995/aniav.2022.17236OJS31401

The Roles of Cholesterol and Its Metabolites in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis.

Hematopoiesis is sustained throughout life by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). There is accumulating evidence that cholesterol homeostasis is an important factor in the regulation of hematopoiesis. Increased cholesterol levels are known to promote proliferation and mobilization of HSCs, while hypercholesterolemia is associated with expansion of myeloid cells in the peripheral blood and links hematopoiesis with cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol is a precursor to steroid hormones, oxysterols, and bile acids. Among steroid hormones, 17β-estradiol (E2) induces HSC division and E2-estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling causes sexual dimorphism of HSC division rate. Oxysterols are oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol and key substrates for bile acid synthesis and are considered to be bioactive lipids, and recent studies have begun to reveal their important roles in the hematopoietic and immune systems. 27-Hydroxycholesterol (27HC) acts as an endogenous selective estrogen receptor modulator and induces ERα-dependent HSC mobilization and extramedullary hematopoiesis. 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25HC) acts as a ligand for Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2 (EBI2) and directs migration of B cells in the spleen during the adaptive immune response. Bile acids serve as chemical chaperones and alleviate endoplasmic reticulum stress in HSCs. Cholesterol metabolism is dysregulated in hematologic malignancies, and statins, which inhibit de novo cholesterol synthesis, have cytotoxic effects in malignant hematopoietic cells. In this review, recent advances in our understanding of the roles of cholesterol and its metabolites as signaling molecules in the regulation of hematopoiesis and hematologic malignancies are summarized

Quantification of the Allosterically-Driven Unfolding of BtuB’s N-terminus upon B12 Binding by HDX-MS

To import large metabolites across the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria, TonB dependent transporters (TBDTs) undergo significant conformational change. After substrate binding in BtuB, the E. coli vitamin B12 TBDT, TonB binds and couples BtuB to the inner membrane proton motive force which powers transport. The role of TonB in rearranging the plug domain to form a putative pore remains enigmatic. The aim of my thesis is to advance understanding of the substrate transport process in BtuB.Chapter 1 is a review of the outer membrane environment, TBDT biology, and a survey of what is known about BtuB specifically. Models of BtuB pore formation and some of the recent experiments supporting them are introduced. Some studies focus on force-mediated unfolding while others propose force-independent pore formation by TonB binding leading to breakage of a salt bridge termed the “Ionic Lock”. Additionally, an introduction is given to the technique of hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), with an emphasis on its application to outer membrane proteins. Chapter 2 details work characterizing early steps in the BtuBs transport cycle, in a native OM context. Our hydrogen exchange measurements in E. coli outer membranes find that a region surrounding the Ionic Lock, far from the B12 site, is fully destabilized upon substrate binding. A comparison of the exchange between the B12- and B12+TonB-bound complexes indicates that B12 binding is sufficient to unfold the Ionic Lock region with binding of a TonB fragment having much weaker effects. TonB binding accelerates exchange in the third substrate binding loop, but pore formation does not obviously occur. This chapter provides a detailed structural and energetic description of the early stages of B12 passage that provides support both for and against current models of the transport process. Chapter 3 presents a characterization of the independently folding plug domains found among a surveyed set of TBDTs. The plug domains of BtuB and CirA were found to contain substantial amounts of independently folding structure, and were characterized with a variety of techniques. Attempts at structure determination by NMR were unsuccessful due to poor solution properties and rapid transverse relaxation rates. Initial experiments characterizing BtuB constructs with stabilizing disulfide and/or bi-histidine site mutations were suspended upon success of initial mass spectrometry HDX experiments, which were used to characterize the folding of BtuB in a more native context. Chapter 4 summarizes the conclusions from chapter 2. From these conclusions, future directions are proposed to further advance understanding of BtuB biology, the mechanism of TBDTs in general, and to address an intriguing new question raised about apparent non-structural HDX protection conferred by the outer membrane. In summary, this thesis represents an advance in understanding the mechanism of BtuB and explores TBDT plug domain folding in various contexts. Additionally, it establishes a technique for routine acquisition of high-quality HDX data in a challenging but valuable context, the native outer membrane

Challenges for the implementation of mosaics of marine protected areas: case study of the Mosaic of Islands and Marine Protected Areas of the Coast of São Paulo

As regiões marinhas e costeiras são grandes provedoras de serviços ecossistêmicos e dão suporte a diferentes atividades socioeconômicas. Devido ao aumento da densidade populacional nas regiões costeiras e dos consequentes impactos de suas atividades, as Áreas Marinhas Protegidas (AMPs) desempenham um papel importante tanto para a conservação ambiental quanto para a gestão dessas atividades, visando a sustentabilidade do uso do espaço costeiro e marinho. Entretanto, a escala espacial dos processos ecológicos e oceanográficos geralmente ultrapassa os limites geográficos das AMPs, devido ao alto dinamismo e conectividade no ambiente marinho-costeiro. Uma estratégia adotada internacionalmente para ampliar o acoplamento das AMPs com as escalas dos processos que as afetam é a criação de redes de áreas marinhas e costeiras protegidas. No contexto brasileiro, a gestão integrada de rede de áreas protegidas se dá por meio de mosaicos, representando uma importante estratégia para o desenvolvimento sustentável de caráter integrador e participativo destes territórios. Nesse projeto de pesquisa, analisou-se o processo de proposição e gestão do Mosaico de Ilhas e Áreas Marinhas Protegidas do Litoral Paulista (MIAMP) de forma a compreender os elementos que influenciam sua implementação. A estratégia adotada abordou três momentos dessa política pública (proposição, gestão e futuro). Para isso, revisou-se toda a documentação e referências bibliográficas referentes ao MIAMP, além de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os especialistas que atuavam nos órgãos competentes durante a criação do mosaico e com os atuais gestores de 20 (vinte) unidades de conservação (UC). Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que o processo de planejamento do MIAMP foi feito por um pequeno grupo de especialistas vinculados à Secretaria do Meio Ambiente do Estado de São Paulo (SMA) e que não contou com a ampla participação social e com o melhor conhecimento científico disponível à época. Adicionalmente, durante sua proposição, o baixo nível de implementação dos instrumentos de gestão das UCs componentes (plano de manejo e conselho gestor instituído) somado à dificuldade de articulação interinstitucional e de impulsionamento por parte das instituições comprometeram a consolidação do mosaico. No entanto, por outro lado, os atores envolvidos reconhecem a importância do mosaico para a gestão integrada e conservação marinho-costeira do Estado de São Paulo devido a conectividade deste sistema. Por meio do discurso e apontamentos dos gestores referentes a superação dos desafios atuais de implementação do MIAMP, foi elaborada uma proposta que envolve um conjunto de estratégias identificadas na literatura e etapas para sua efetivação, considerando a Década da Ciência Oceânica (2021-2030).Marine and coastal regions are major providers of ecosystem services and socio-economic activities for society. Due to the increase in population density in coastal regions and the consequent impacts of their activities, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) play an important role for environmental conservation and for the planning of these activities, aiming at the sustainability of coastal and marine space. However, the geographic limits imposed by MPAs are normally exceeded by ecological processes, due to the high rate of gene flow and connectivity of the marine-coastal environment. An internationally adopted strategy to expand the coupling of MPAs with the scales of the processes that affect them, is the creation of networks of marine and coastal protected areas. In the Brazilian context, the integrated management of the network of protected areas takes place through mosaics, representing an important strategy for the sustainable development of an integrative and participatory character of these territories. In this research project, the process of proposing and managing the Mosaic of Islands and Protected Marine Areas of the Coast of São Paulo - MIAMP were analyzed in order to understand the elements that influence the implementation of mosaics of MPAs. The strategy adopted addressed three moments of this public policy (proposition, management and future). For this, all the documentation and bibliographic references referring to the MIAMP were reviewed in addition to semi-structured interviews with the specialists who worked in competent agencies during the creation of the mosaic, and with the current managers of the 20 (twenty) conservation units (UC). The research results show that the MIAMP planning process was carried out by a small group of specialists linked to the São Paulo State Environment Department (SMA) and that it did not count with the effective participation of society in general, nor with the best available scientific knowledge. Additionally, during its proposal, the low level of implementation of the management instruments of the component UCs (management plan and instituted management council) added to the difficulty of inter-institutional articulation and of impetus on the part of the institutions compromised the integration between the UCs and the mosaic consolidation. However, on the other hand, the actors involved recognize its importance for the integrated management and marine-coastal conservation of the State of São Paulo due the connectivy of this system. Through the speech and notes of managers regarding overcoming the current challenges of implementing the MIAMP, a proposal was prepared that involves a set of strategies identified in the literature and steps for their implementations, considering the Decade of Ocean Science (2021-2030)

Effets d’un entraînement intensif visant la réalisation d’inférences à l’oral sur la compréhension écrite : Étude expérimentale en cas unique (SCED) chez trois sujets faibles compreneurs de CM1

MédecineRésumé. Contexte : La réalisation d’inférences est l’un des meilleurs facteurs prédictifs de la compréhension écrite. Lorsque cette capacité est déficitaire, comme c’est le cas pour la plupart des enfants faibles compreneurs, l’accès au sens est pénalisé. Cependant, le fait qu’un entraînement puisse améliorer la capacité d’un individu à inférer peut encore susciter quelques réserves. L’objectif de cette étude est de déterminer les effets d’un entraînement intensif visant la réalisation d’inférences à l’oral sur la compréhension écrite. Méthodologie : Dans le cadre d’une méthodologie SCED en ligne de base multiple à travers les sujets, nous avons inclus trois sujets faibles compreneurs scolarisés en CM1. Une intervention à l’oral, associant un apprentissage explicite de stratégies visant la réalisation d’inférences et une activité de lecture partagée, leur a été proposée deux fois par semaine pendant trois mois. Les performances des sujets ont été mesurées de manière répétée par la plate-forme en ligne TACIT. Les mesures pré- et post-test comprenaient des épreuves standardisées de la batterie EVALEO, une épreuve de rappel de récit et un questionnaire d’appréciation de la lecture. Résultats : Les résultats obtenus suggèrent des effets positifs de l’intervention sur la compréhension écrite pour l’ensemble des sujets. Les inférences sémantico-pragmatiques, ayant fait l’objet de l’intervention, bénéficient d’une amélioration plus probante que les anaphores, qui n’ont pas été entraînées. Conclusion : Ces résultats encourageants sont toutefois à nuancer par certains biais observés dans notre protocole. Il semble pertinent de répliquer l’étude avec une utilisation plus rigoureuse de la mesure répétéeAbstract. Background : Making inferences is one of the best predictors of reading comprehension. When this ability is deficient, as is the case for most poor comprehenders, access to meaning is penalized. The effect of training on an individual’s ability to infer has not been fully established. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of intensive training aimed at making oral inferences on reading comprehension. Method : As part of a SCED multiple baseline across subjects design, we included three poor comprehenders subjects enrolled in CM1. An oral intervention, combining an explicit learning of inference strategies and a shared-reading experience, was offered twice a week for three months. The performances of the subjects were measured repeatedly by the online platform TACIT. Pre- and post-test measurements included standardized EVALEO battery tests, a narrative recall test, and a reading assessment quiz. Results : The results suggest positive effects of the intervention on reading comprehension for all subjects. Semantic-pragmatic inferences, which have been the subject of the intervention, show a more convincing improvement than anaphors, which have not been trained. Conclusion : Our results are encouraging and warrant further evaluation with a more rigorous use of the repeated measure

PARCERIAS PÚBLICO-PRIVADAS EM UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO AMEAÇAM O TURISMO DE BASE COMUNITÁRIA E A SUSTENTABILIDADE DE COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS

The implementation of environmental conservation policies affronts the way of life of traditional communities in protected areas (PA). A sustainable alternative for the survival of such communities is community-based tourism (CBT), which integrates tourist activities that value local culture with environmental preservation. In Brazil, changes in the management of public use in PAs tend to favor large private groups outside the territory, as in the case of public-private partnerships and Law nº 16.260/2016 (known as the “concession law”) of São Paulo State. In this context, this work aims to discuss the implications of this management approach for PAs with traditional communities involved CBT. We used direct observation and interviews with CBT agents to charactere the CBT held in Ilha do Cardoso State Park (PEIC), discuss its cultural and socio-economic importance, and access the perception of PEIC communities about concession law. We identified that the CBT at PEIC involves traditional activities and directly benefits the families residing in the PA, confirming itself as a sustainable alternative of socioeconomic and cultural importance. According to the community's perception, opening PEIC's public use activities to private initiatives without involving the communities in the process, can overlap with the activities and services provided by the BTC and negatively impact the communities, hindering their survival in the PA.A implementação de políticas ambientais conservacionistas afronta o modo de vida de comunidades tradicionais que habitam em unidades de conservação (UC). Uma alternativa sustentável de sobrevivência para essas comunidades tem sido o Turismo de Base Comunitária (TBC), que integra atividades turísticas de valorização da cultura local com a preservação ambiental. No Brasil, mudanças na gestão do uso público em UCs tendem a favorecer grandes grupos privados externos ao território, como no caso das parcerias público-privadas e da Lei nº 16.260/2016 do Estado de São Paulo (lei das concessões). Nesse contexto, este trabalho busca promover uma reflexão quanto às implicações de tal modelo de gestão às UCs com comunidades tradicionais envolvidas com o TBC. Por meio de observação direta e entrevista a agentes de TBC, a pesquisa objetivou, caracterizar o TBC realizado no Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso (PEIC), discutir sua importância cultural e socioeconômica e levantar a percepção das comunidades do PEIC sobre a lei das concessões. Identificamos que o TBC no PEIC envolve atividades de cunho tradicional e beneficia diretamente as famílias residentes na UC, confirmando-se como uma alternativa sustentável de importância socioeconômica e cultural. Segundo a percepção dos comunitários, abrir as atividades de uso público do PEIC à inciativa privada sem envolver as comunidades neste processo poderá se sobrepor às atividades e serviços prestados pelo TBC e gerar impactos negativos dificultando a própria sobrevivência das comunidades na UC