The Lighting design as the main tool in contemporary artistic production of a physical space environment

[EN] In this article, the importance of artificial light in the positioning of contemporary artistic production in the physical space environment is discussed. It is specifically reinforced in the study, how the environmental artistic production is identified in the project executive processes in different spatial strategies and has artificial light as the main tool in the practice of this artistic production around lighting design. It is noted that artificial light in the physical space environment, depending on its artistic production, has the power to connect and disconnect with all other elements of the spatial composition, among them: objects, surfaces and even subjects as observers. To help research in the field of Design, the influence of the spectator's perception is also analyzed, in a methodological approach, investigating the phenomenon of sensory experience. Therefore, the main objective of the article is to use conceptual methodological tools of Design - which are based from theory to design practice - and to show that the use of artificial light is the main and guiding element in the composition of environmental artistic production, where there is light, it is one of the most vigorous forms of communication languages in contemporary times. The spectator’s first sensory contact is visual, and light as an essential element of this process, works even if distant, capturing looks, attracting, and seducing observers to the ambiance, so this production becomes even more powerful. Therefore, in the composition of environmental artistic production, there is a strong visual presence, and the impact it has in contemporary times depends, to a considerable extent, on the boldness of the lighting design.[ES] En este artículo se discute la importancia de la luz artificial en el posicionamiento de la producción artística contemporánea en el entorno del espacio físico. Específicamente se refuerza en el estudio, cómo la producción artística ambiental se identifica en los procesos ejecutivos proyectuales en diferentes estrategias espaciales y, tiene a la luz artificial como herramienta principal en la práctica de esta producción artística en el área del diseño de iluminación. Es notado que la luz artificial en el entorno del espacio físico, dependiendo de su producción artística, puede conectar y desconectar-se con todos los demás elementos de la composición espacial, entre ellos: objetos, superficies e incluso los sujetos como observadores. Para fortalecer esta investigación en el campo del Diseño, también se ha analizado la influencia de la percepción del espectador, adentro de un enfoque metodológico, investigando el fenómeno de la experiencia sensorial. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal de este artículo es utilizar herramientas metodológicas conceptuales del Diseño - que se fundamentan desde la teoría hasta la práctica de lo mismo - y mostrar que el uso de la luz artificial es el elemento principal y rector en la composición de la producción artística ambiental, donde haya luz, hay una de las formas de lenguajes de comunicación más pujantes de la contemporaneidad. Se encontró que el primer contacto sensorial del espectador es predominantemente visual, y la luz es elemento esencial de este proceso, que funciona incluso a distancia, con el poder de captar miradas, atraer y seducir al observador hasta el ambiente, demostrando que su uso es aún más poderoso. Por tanto, en una composición ambiental artística con un fuerte atractivo visual encaminada al impacto contemporáneo, todo dependerá de la audacia del diseño de iluminación.[PT] Neste artigo discutimos a importância da luz artificial no posicionamento da produção artística contemporânea no ambiente do espaço físico. Especificamente, é reforçado no estudo, uma vez que a produção artística ambiental é identificada nos processos executivos do projeto em diferentes estratégias espaciais e tem a luz artificial como principal ferramenta na prática dessa composição na produção artística na área de design de iluminação. . Nota-se que a luz artificial no ambiente do espaço físico, dependendo de sua produção artística, tem o poder de conectar e desconectar com todos os demais elementos da composição ambiental, incluindo: objetos, superfícies e até sujeitos como observadores. Para auxiliar a pesquisa na área de Design, A influência da percepção do espectador também é analisada, em uma abordagem metodológica, e o fenômeno da experiência sensorial é investigado. Portanto, o objetivo principal do artigo é utilizar ferramentas metodológicas conceituais do Design -que se baseiam da teoria à prática do design- e mostrar que o uso da luz artificial é o elemento principal e norteador na composição da produção artística. há luz, uma das formas mais poderosas de linguagens de comunicação contemporâneas. Verifica-se que o primeiro contato sensorial do espectador é predominantemente visual e, como elemento essencial desse processo, a luz funciona, embora distante, captando olhares, atraindo e seduzindo os observadores para o ambiente, portanto, a composição torna-se ainda mais potente.Zmyslowski, E.; Prado, G. (2022). El diseño de iluminación como herramienta principal en la producción artística contemporánea de un entorno espacial físico. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 552-558. https://doi.org/10.4995/ANIAV2022.2022.15316OCS55255

Visual studies: artistic expressions in lighting design

[EN] This article presents discussions about the relations of visual studies in the expressions manifested between art and activism and will use as a guide element for analysis the artificial light. Specifically, the propose is to analyze the role of lighting design in express interventions in art, taking asagoaltheinvestigationin the studies of two works made by two visual artists: Marinella Senatore, southern Italy and Santarosa Barreto, from São Paulo, Brazil. It will allow in this study, a comparative analysis of interpretation, in both works exhibited, respectively; at the São Paulo International Art Bienal (2021) and at the São Paulo Art Museum (2018/19), which, in a way, refer to revolutionary and activist characteristics, in their artistic practices that characterize a strong collective and participatory dimension of a cultural social vision. Therefore, the main objective is to use conceptual methodological tools of Design from theory to practice to use Art as a language for breaking down barriers find atthe borders of different cultures. Thus, in these visual studies that will be analyzed, demonstrated,and discussed by the Lighting Design paths, how these relate to art and activism. In addition, the studies also offer tosociety the vision ofspectator with points of reflection, generating changes in the forms of manifestations, in addition to showing how ephemeral architectures create social, political,and cultural thematic narratives in contemporary times.[ES] Este artículo presenta discusiones sobre las relaciones de los estudios visuales en las expresiones manifestadas entre arte y activismo, y tendrá como elemento orientador de análisis la luz artificial. Específicamente, se propone analizar el papel del diseño de iluminación en las intervenciones exprés en el arte, tomando como objetivo, indagar via los estudios de dos obras de artistas visuales: Marinella Senatore, sur de Italia y Santarosa Barreto de São Paulo, Brasil. En este estudio se permitirá un análisis comparativo de interpretación, en ambas obras expuestas, respectivamente; en la Bienal Internacional de Arte de São Paulo (2021) y en el Museo de Arte de São Paulo (2000), que, en parte, remiten a características revolucionarias y activistas, en sus prácticas artísticas que reflejan una fuerte dimensión colectiva y participativa de una cultura visión social. Luego, el objetivo principal es utilizar las herramientas metodológicas conceptuales del Diseño, desde la teoría hasta la práctica, para utilizar el Arte como un lenguaje para romper las barreras entre las fronteras de las diferentes culturas. Así, estos estudios serán analizados, demostrados y discutidos por los caminos del Diseño de Iluminación y de qué manera se relacionancon el arte y el activismo. Además, también ofrecen a la sociedad puntos de reflexión para que sea espectadora, generando cambios en las formas de manifestaciones, además de mostrar cómo las arquitecturas efímeras crean narrativas temáticas sociales, políticas y culturales en la contemporaneidad.Zmyslowski, E.; Prado, G.; Venturelli, S. (2022). Estudios visuales: expresiones artísticas en el diseño de iluminación. ANIAV - Revista de Investigación en Artes Visuales. (11):31-40. https://doi.org/10.4995/aniav.2022.17236OJS31401

The Roles of Cholesterol and Its Metabolites in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis.

Hematopoiesis is sustained throughout life by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). There is accumulating evidence that cholesterol homeostasis is an important factor in the regulation of hematopoiesis. Increased cholesterol levels are known to promote proliferation and mobilization of HSCs, while hypercholesterolemia is associated with expansion of myeloid cells in the peripheral blood and links hematopoiesis with cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol is a precursor to steroid hormones, oxysterols, and bile acids. Among steroid hormones, 17β-estradiol (E2) induces HSC division and E2-estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling causes sexual dimorphism of HSC division rate. Oxysterols are oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol and key substrates for bile acid synthesis and are considered to be bioactive lipids, and recent studies have begun to reveal their important roles in the hematopoietic and immune systems. 27-Hydroxycholesterol (27HC) acts as an endogenous selective estrogen receptor modulator and induces ERα-dependent HSC mobilization and extramedullary hematopoiesis. 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25HC) acts as a ligand for Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2 (EBI2) and directs migration of B cells in the spleen during the adaptive immune response. Bile acids serve as chemical chaperones and alleviate endoplasmic reticulum stress in HSCs. Cholesterol metabolism is dysregulated in hematologic malignancies, and statins, which inhibit de novo cholesterol synthesis, have cytotoxic effects in malignant hematopoietic cells. In this review, recent advances in our understanding of the roles of cholesterol and its metabolites as signaling molecules in the regulation of hematopoiesis and hematologic malignancies are summarized

Investigation into the cognitive systems underlying increases in proficiency in English as a second language

This study is concerned with the development of automatic word recognition skills in the context of reading comprehension in English as a second language. The research topic is important because the development of automatic word recognition skills allows for the release of cognitive resources that can be applied to higher order processing and enhancement of reading comprehension and literacy outcomes. Currently, there is not enough research on automation of word recognition skills and this research project partly fills in that gap. It was hypothesized that the Random Learning Condition (high variability) would provide better learning and skills acquisition outcomes on the Skills Transfer Tests for more knowledgeable learners than the Blocked Learning Condition (low variability). The development of automation was expected to follow the power law of practice learning curve as a result of consistent repetitive training program. However, the outcomes for the far transfer test suggested that the far transfer of Complex Cognitive Skills was unsuccessful. The main message coming out of this research project is that consistent repetitive practice and the high variability learning condition are effective factors in automation of word recognition skills with the potential to enhance reading comprehension, skills near-transfer, and the literacy outcomes in general. Analogously, the major educational implication of the current experiment is that the results may, in practical terms, be extended to development of other components of linguistic competence. The outcomes of this research project provided empirical evidence that integration of high levels of variability with longitudinal automation processes will create dynamic learning/acquisition environments whereby the use of essential elements of linguistic competence (such as the usage of adjectives, adverbs, nouns, and verbs, or the functional aspects of articles, conjunctions, prepositions, and pronouns) may potentially be successfully automated to subconscious and autonomous levels

El diseño de iluminación como herramienta principal en la producción artística contemporánea de un entorno espacial físico.

Neste artigo discutimos a importância da luz artificial no posicionamento da produção artística contemporânea no ambiente do espaço físico. Especificamente, é reforçado no estudo, uma vez que a produção artística ambiental é identificada nos processos executivos do projeto em diferentes estratégias espaciais e tem a luz artificial como principal ferramenta na prática dessa composição na produção artística na área de design de iluminação. . Nota-se que a luz artificial no ambiente do espaço físico, dependendo de sua produção artística, tem o poder de conectar e desconectar com todos os demais elementos da composição ambiental, incluindo: objetos, superfícies e até sujeitos como observadores. Para auxiliar a pesquisa na área de Design, A influência da percepção do espectador também é analisada, em uma abordagem metodológica, e o fenômeno da experiência sensorial é investigado. Portanto, o objetivo principal do artigo é utilizar ferramentas metodológicas conceituais do Design -que se baseiam da teoria à prática do design- e mostrar que o uso da luz artificial é o elemento principal e norteador na composição da produção artística. há luz, uma das formas mais poderosas de linguagens de comunicação contemporâneas. Verifica-se que o primeiro contato sensorial do espectador é predominantemente visual e, como elemento essencial desse processo, a luz funciona, embora distante, captando olhares, atraindo e seduzindo os observadores para o ambiente, portanto, a composição torna-se ainda mais potente. .</jats:p

Quantification of the Allosterically-Driven Unfolding of BtuB’s N-terminus upon B12 Binding by HDX-MS

To import large metabolites across the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria, TonB dependent transporters (TBDTs) undergo significant conformational change. After substrate binding in BtuB, the E. coli vitamin B12 TBDT, TonB binds and couples BtuB to the inner membrane proton motive force which powers transport. The role of TonB in rearranging the plug domain to form a putative pore remains enigmatic. The aim of my thesis is to advance understanding of the substrate transport process in BtuB.Chapter 1 is a review of the outer membrane environment, TBDT biology, and a survey of what is known about BtuB specifically. Models of BtuB pore formation and some of the recent experiments supporting them are introduced. Some studies focus on force-mediated unfolding while others propose force-independent pore formation by TonB binding leading to breakage of a salt bridge termed the “Ionic Lock”. Additionally, an introduction is given to the technique of hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), with an emphasis on its application to outer membrane proteins. Chapter 2 details work characterizing early steps in the BtuBs transport cycle, in a native OM context. Our hydrogen exchange measurements in E. coli outer membranes find that a region surrounding the Ionic Lock, far from the B12 site, is fully destabilized upon substrate binding. A comparison of the exchange between the B12- and B12+TonB-bound complexes indicates that B12 binding is sufficient to unfold the Ionic Lock region with binding of a TonB fragment having much weaker effects. TonB binding accelerates exchange in the third substrate binding loop, but pore formation does not obviously occur. This chapter provides a detailed structural and energetic description of the early stages of B12 passage that provides support both for and against current models of the transport process. Chapter 3 presents a characterization of the independently folding plug domains found among a surveyed set of TBDTs. The plug domains of BtuB and CirA were found to contain substantial amounts of independently folding structure, and were characterized with a variety of techniques. Attempts at structure determination by NMR were unsuccessful due to poor solution properties and rapid transverse relaxation rates. Initial experiments characterizing BtuB constructs with stabilizing disulfide and/or bi-histidine site mutations were suspended upon success of initial mass spectrometry HDX experiments, which were used to characterize the folding of BtuB in a more native context. Chapter 4 summarizes the conclusions from chapter 2. From these conclusions, future directions are proposed to further advance understanding of BtuB biology, the mechanism of TBDTs in general, and to address an intriguing new question raised about apparent non-structural HDX protection conferred by the outer membrane. In summary, this thesis represents an advance in understanding the mechanism of BtuB and explores TBDT plug domain folding in various contexts. Additionally, it establishes a technique for routine acquisition of high-quality HDX data in a challenging but valuable context, the native outer membrane