1,052 research outputs found
Practical thermodynamics of Yukawa systems at strong coupling
Simple practical approach to estimate thermodynamic properties of strongly
coupled Yukawa systems, in both fluid and solid phases, is presented. The
accuracy of the approach is tested by extensive comparison with direct computer
simulation results (for fluids and solids) and the recently proposed
shortest-graph method (for solids). Possible applications to other systems of
softly repulsive particles are briefly discussed.Comment: Published in J. Chem. Phy
Detection of an atmosphere around the super-Earth 55 Cancri e
We report the analysis of two new spectroscopic observations of the
super-Earth 55 Cancri e, in the near infrared, obtained with the WFC3 camera
onboard the HST. 55 Cancri e orbits so close to its parent star, that
temperatures much higher than 2000 K are expected on its surface. Given the
brightness of 55 Cancri, the observations were obtained in scanning mode,
adopting a very long scanning length and a very high scanning speed. We use our
specialized pipeline to take into account systematics introduced by these
observational parameters when coupled with the geometrical distortions of the
instrument. We measure the transit depth per wavelength channel with an average
relative uncertainty of 22 ppm per visit and find modulations that depart from
a straight line model with a 6 confidence level. These results suggest
that 55 Cancri e is surrounded by an atmosphere, which is probably
hydrogen-rich. Our fully Bayesian spectral retrieval code, T-REx, has
identified HCN to be the most likely molecular candidate able to explain the
features at 1.42 and 1.54 m. While additional spectroscopic observations
in a broader wavelength range in the infrared will be needed to confirm the HCN
detection, we discuss here the implications of such result. Our chemical model,
developed with combustion specialists, indicates that relatively high mixing
ratios of HCN may be caused by a high C/O ratio. This result suggests this
super-Earth is a carbon-rich environment even more exotic than previously
thought.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables, Accepted for publication in Ap
Effect of different oral doses of glucose on the blood serum content of serotonin in rats
The analysis of the effect of different doses of oral glucose content of serotonin in blood serum of rats. The increasing content of serotonin in blood serum of rats with diabetes and with the administration of glucose. The increase in the studied
parameters in the serum of the control group of animals under conditions of a glucose. It is concluded that glucose has a direct positive effect on the endogenous flow of serotonin into the bloodstream
Ground-state ammonia and water in absorption towards Sgr B2
We have used the Odin submillimetre-wave satellite telescope to observe the
ground state transitions of ortho-ammonia and ortho-water, including their 15N,
18O, and 17O isotopologues, towards Sgr B2. The extensive simultaneous velocity
coverage of the observations, >500 km/s, ensures that we can probe the
conditions of both the warm, dense gas of the molecular cloud Sgr B2 near the
Galactic centre, and the more diffuse gas in the Galactic disk clouds along the
line-of-sight. We present ground-state NH3 absorption in seven distinct
velocity features along the line-of-sight towards Sgr B2. We find a nearly
linear correlation between the column densities of NH3 and CS, and a
square-root relation to N2H+. The ammonia abundance in these diffuse Galactic
disk clouds is estimated to be about (0.5-1)e-8, similar to that observed for
diffuse clouds in the outer Galaxy. On the basis of the detection of H218O
absorption in the 3 kpc arm, and the absence of such a feature in the H217O
spectrum, we conclude that the water abundance is around 1e-7, compared to
~1e-8 for NH3. The Sgr B2 molecular cloud itself is seen in absorption in NH3,
15NH3, H2O, H218O, and H217O, with emission superimposed on the absorption in
the main isotopologues. The non-LTE excitation of NH3 in the environment of Sgr
B2 can be explained without invoking an unusually hot (500 K) molecular layer.
A hot layer is similarly not required to explain the line profiles of the
1_{1,0}-1_{0,1} transition from H2O and its isotopologues. The relatively weak
15NH3 absorption in the Sgr B2 molecular cloud indicates a high [14N/15N]
isotopic ratio >600. The abundance ratio of H218O and H217O is found to be
relatively low, 2.5--3. These results together indicate that the dominant
nucleosynthesis process in the Galactic centre is CNO hydrogen burning.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
In vitro terahertz spectroscopy of malignant brain gliomas embedded in gelatin slab
In our work, we have performed in vitro terahert
A rare splice site mutation in the gene encoding glucokinase/hexokinase 4 in a patient with MODY type 2
The article presents a variant of maturity onset diabetes of the young type 2, caused by a rare mutation in the GCK gene. Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a hereditary form of diabetes with an autosomal dominant type of inheritance, an onset at a young age, and a primary defect in pancreatic β-cell function. This type of diabetes is different from classical types of diabetes mellitus (DM1 and DM2) in its clinical course, treatment strategies, and prognosis. Clinical manifestations of MODY are heterogeneous and may vary even among members of the same family, i. e., carriers of identical mutations. This phenotypic variation is due to the interaction of mutations with different genetic backgrounds and the influence of environmental factors (e. g., lifestyle). Using next-generation sequencing technology, the c.580–1G>A substitution (IVS5 –1G>A, rs1554335421) located in an acceptor splice site of intron 5 of the GCK gene was found in a proband. The identified variant cosegregated with a pathological phenotype in the examined family members. The GCK gene encodes glucokinase (hexokinase 4), which catalyzes the first step in a large number of glucose metabolic pathways such as glycolysis. Mutations in this gene are the cause of MODY2. The illness is characterized by an insignificant increase in the fasting glucose level, is a well-controlled disease without medication, and has a low prevalence of micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes. The presented case of MODY2 reveals the clinical significance of a mutation in the splice site of the GCK gene. When nonclassical diabetes mellitus is being diagnosed in young people and pregnant women, genetic testing is needed to verify the diagnosis and to select the optimal treatment method
In vitro terahertz spectroscopy of gelatin-embedded human brain tumors - a pilot study
We have performed the in vitro terahertz (THz) spectroscopy of human brain tumors. In order to x tissue
ДЕЙСТВИЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ РОСПОТРЕБНАДЗОРА ПО ПРИМОРСКОМУ КРАЮ И ФБУЗ «ЦЕНТР ГИГИЕНЫ И ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИИ В ПРИМОРСКОМ КРАЕ» В СВЯЗИ С АВАРИЕЙ НА АЭС «ФУКУСИМА-1»
The present work contents information about the activities of Rospotrebnadzor organizations in Primorsky territory after the accident at the “Fukushima-1” NPP. The data are given on the staff, equipment and methodical providences of Rospotrebnadzor organizations in Primorsky territory to the moment of the accident. Article presents the results of the dose rate measurements in monitoring points and laboratory investigations of the foodstuffs and environmental samples after the accident in Primorsky territory. В настоящей работе представлена информация о деятельности учреждений Роспотребнадзора в Приморском крае в связи с аварией на АЭС «Фукусима-1». Приведены данные о кадровом составе, аппаратурном и методическом обеспечении учреждений Роспотребнадзора в Приморском крае на момент аварии. Приведены результаты замеров мощности дозы гамма-излучения в мониторинговых точках Приморского края и результаты лабораторных исследований проб пищевых продуктов и объектов внешней среды, отобранных на территории края после аварии
Genomic Legacy of the African Cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus
Background
Patterns of genetic and genomic variance are informative in inferring population history for human, model species and endangered populations.
Results
Here the genome sequence of wild-born African cheetahs reveals extreme genomic depletion in SNV incidence, SNV density, SNVs of coding genes, MHC class I and II genes, and mitochondrial DNA SNVs. Cheetah genomes are on average 95 % homozygous compared to the genomes of the outbred domestic cat (24.08 % homozygous), Virunga Mountain Gorilla (78.12 %), inbred Abyssinian cat (62.63 %), Tasmanian devil, domestic dog and other mammalian species. Demographic estimators impute two ancestral population bottlenecks: one \u3e100,000 years ago coincident with cheetah migrations out of the Americas and into Eurasia and Africa, and a second 11,084–12,589 years ago in Africa coincident with late Pleistocene large mammal extinctions. MHC class I gene loss and dramatic reduction in functional diversity of MHC genes would explain why cheetahs ablate skin graft rejection among unrelated individuals. Significant excess of non-synonymous mutations in AKAP4 (p\u3c0.02), a gene mediating spermatozoon development, indicates cheetah fixation of five function-damaging amino acid variants distinct from AKAP4 homologues of other Felidae or mammals; AKAP4 dysfunction may cause the cheetah’s extremely high (\u3e80 %) pleiomorphic sperm.
Conclusions
The study provides an unprecedented genomic perspective for the rare cheetah, with potential relevance to the species’ natural history, physiological adaptations and unique reproductive disposition
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