Bioremediation of oil spills

Due to the increasing demand of petroleum everywhere, and the great amount of spills, accidents and disasters, there is an urgent need to find an effective, non-cost and harmless method to clean up the affected areas. There are microorganisms in nature (bacteria and fungi, mainly) that feed on hydrocarbons and transform them into others harmless chemical substances. These bacteria produce enzymes that degrade oil very effectively. This natural process can be accelerated by adding more bacteria or providing nutrients and oxygen to facilitate their growth, which is called ―bioaugmentation and biostimulation. Through this project we discover that these processes can be affected by different factors making difficult the biodegradation execution and opening a gap between the laboratory experiments and the real cases. Therefore, there is much remain to be done and a lot of study ahead to make this technique available in a great scale

Preparing for generation Z:how can technology enhanced learning be firmly embedded in our students' learning experience? A case study from Abertay University

Abertay is a relatively small, modern university (undergraduate population of around 4000) with a wide portfolio and a diverse student population. Around 35% of our students are direct entry from local partner colleges to years 2 and 3 of our programmes and a significant number are first generation higher education within their families. As such, partnership working with colleges and support to aid student transitions are key aspects of Abertay’s provision. Since 2013/14, the university has developed and implemented a new Teaching and Learning Enhancement strategy that has catalysed wholescale transformation across the institution. This paper provides an overview of technology enhanced learning at the university with the drivers for change being to the quality of our students' learning experience, improve student retention and progression and enhance learners’ engagement

Las zonas arqueológicas como paisajes culturales: el parque arqueológico de Las Médulas(León)

Sin resume

Amino acid epimerization dating of coastal neotectonic processes in southeastern Iberian Peninsula: the region between Aguas and Antas river mouths

The coastal area between the mouths of the Aguas and Antas Rivers presents a deformed system of raised marine deposits, some of which have been strongly affected by active tectonics. The use of amino acid epimerization dating of Glycymeris shells from raised coastal deposits allowed determining the age of these marine deposits, all of them linked to highstand sea levels in the Mediterranean realm, with ages between MIS 11 and MIS 1. These results allowed corroborating the age of some previously studied sites, and using new sampling sites, the general aminostratigraphy for the Quaternary raised marine deposits on the Mediterranean coast was confirmed. The main deformation event took place after MIS 11 and continued until MIS 5, and was linked to the activity of the Palomares Fau

Origen y distribución de los pesticidas organoclorados (OCPs) en sedimentos actuales de la Laguna de El Hito (Cuenca, España Central)

Se llevó a cabo el estudio del estado ambiental actual de la Laguna de El Hito basado en el análisis y cuantificación de 24 pesticidas organoclorados (OCPs): hexaclorobenceno, hexaclorociclohexanos, diclorodifenil-tricloroetano sus homólogos y metabolitos (DDTs), y ciclodienos (aldrín, dieldrín, endrín, endrín aldehido, endrín cetona, ?-clordano, ?-clordano, endosulfán I, endosulfán II, endosulfán sulfato, heptacloro, heptacloro epóxido B y metoxicloro). Algunos compuestos superaron los Niveles Genéricos de Referencia (NGR) para la salud humana y los ecosistemas del R.D.09/2005. Se determinó su origen a partir de diversos índices interpretándose tanto aplicaciones históricas como más recientes. Se obtuvieron los mapas de distribución de los índices y de las concentraciones de OCPs.Environmental evaluation of the current state of El Hito Lake referred to 24 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) was carried out: hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclohexanes, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane their homologs and metabolites (DDTs), and cyclodienes (aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, endrin aldehyde, endrin ketone, α- chlordane, γ- chlordane, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, endosulfan sulphate, heptachlor, heptachlor epóxide B and metoxichlor). Some of these compounds showed concentrations above the Soil Screening Levels (SSLs) for human health and ecosystems as is established in R.D.09/2005. Different indexes were used to determine their origin. Both historical and recent applications sources were interpreted. Distribution maps for concentrations and indexes were plotte

Pleistocene terracing phases in the metropolitan area of Bari - AAR dating and deduced uplift rates of the Apulian Foreland

We performed detailed geological and geomorphological analyses on a series of marine terraces located around the city of Bari (southern Italy). Absolute dating was obtained by applying amino acid racemisation (AAR) to ostracod valves taken from deposits lying on marine terraces. The combination of literature data, feld geological surveys, digital terrain model analysis, and absolute dating allowed us to recognise and map: i) four terrace surfaces bordered by four inner edges which date to MIS 7.5, 7.3, 7.1, and 5.5; and ii) three terraced deposits, which date to MIS 7.5, 7.1, and 5.5. These new data represent the frst dated terraced deposits (older than MIS 5) of the coastal stretch of the Apulian foreland between Trani and Taranto. Using inner edges of the terraces as palaeo sea level markers, we calculate the mean uplift rates that characterised this portion of the Apulian foreland from MIS 7.5, 7.3, 7.1, 5.5 to the present day; these rates are 0.28, 0.255, 0.15 and 0.01 mm/y, respectively. These new dated Pleistocene terraced deposits allow to refne the knowledge on the chronology, the spatial extension and rate of the uplift and, in general, on the Pleistocene geodynamics of the Apulian foreland

Organic pollutants (PAHs) derived from the dump of the Thermal Power Station of Aliaga (Teruel)

The aim of this study was to determine if the soils, waters and plants from the Aliaga dump contained polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their quantification.The results showed that PAHs concentrations in soils are in general higher than the reference levels from the Spanish legislation. Waters and plants contained PAHs but in low concentrations. The possible actions for remediation (photodegradation and bioremediation) seem to be unviable here because of the large volume of materials involved, although its use as an additive for the cement industry and derivatives can be considered. It is proposed that fluorantene in waters, and phenanthrene and benzo[ghi]perilene in soils be considered as pollutants as well as to study the incorporation of PAHs to plantsEl objetivo de este estudio fue determinar y cuantificar los hidrocarburos policíclicos aromáticos (PAHs) en los suelos, plantas y aguas de la Escombrera de Aliaga. La concentración de PAHs en las cenizas supera, en general, los valores establecidos en la legislación española. Las aguas y plantas contienen PAHs, aunque en concentraciones bajas. La remoción de los materiales para someterlos a fotodegradación y biorremediación es inviable debido al gran volumen de la escombrera, aunque se plantea su uso como aditivo en la fabricación de productos derivados del cemento. Se propone incluir el fenantreno y benzo[ghi]perileno en el la normativa de suelos, así como el naftaleno en la de aguas y la elaboración de una legislación sobre la incorporación de estos compuestos a las planta

Origen y distribución de los hidrocarburos policíclicos aromáticos en sedimentos actuales de la Laguna de El Hito (España central)

Se llevó a cabo la evaluación ambiental y el estudio del estado actual de la cuenca de la Laguna de El Hito referido a 18 hidrocarburos policíclicos aromáticos (PAHs) de 2 a 6 anillos bencénicos. Se determinó su origen a partir de diversos índices (%naftaleno, Fen/Ant y Flu/Pir), interpretándose tanto fuentes no antropogénicas (petrogénica) como antropogénicas (pirogénica). Se obtuvieron los mapas de distribución de las concentraciones de PAHs y de sus índices para localizar los puntos de concentraciones más elevadas. Ningún PAH superó las concentraciones marcadas por los Niveles Genéricos de Referencia (NGR) para la salud humana en los distintos usos del suelo del R.D.09/2005. Los PAHs con las mayores concentraciones fueron el naftaleno y el fenantreno.Environmental evaluation and analysis of the current state of El Hito Lake Basin referred to 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with 2 to 6 benzene rings was carried out. Different indexes were used to determine the source of PAHs (% naftalene, Phe/Ant and Flu/Pyr). Both non anthropogenic (petrogenic) and anthropogenic (pyrogenic) sources were interpreted. Distribution maps for PAHs and indexes were plotted to locate the position of the higher concentrations and, therefore, their possible sources. None of these compounds showed concentrations above the Soil Screening Levels (SSL) for human health in the different uses of soil as is established in R.D.09/2005. The ones that reached the highest concentrations were naphthalene and phenanthrene

Origin and distribution of organochlorine pesticides in present-day sediments of El Hito Lake (Cuenca, Central Spain)

Se llevó a cabo el estudio del estado ambiental actual de la Laguna de El Hito basado en el análisis y cuantificación de 24 pesticidas organoclorados (OCPs): hexaclorobenceno, hexaclorociclohexanos, diclorodifenil-tricloroetano sus homólogos y metabolitos (DDTs), y ciclodienos (aldrín, dieldrín, endrín, endrín aldehido, endrín cetona, α- clordano, γ-clordano, endosulfán I, endosulfán II, endosulfán sulfato, heptacloro, heptacloro epóxido B y metoxicloro). Algunos compuestos superaron los Niveles Genéricos de Referencia (NGR) para la salud humana y los ecosistemas del R.D.09/2005. Se determinó su origen a partir de diversos índices interpretándose tanto aplicaciones históricas como más recientes. Se obtuvieron los mapas de distribución de los índices y de las concentraciones de OCPsEnvironmental evaluation of the current state of El Hito Lake referred to 24 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) was carried out: hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclohexanes, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane their homologs and metabolites (DDTs), and cyclodienes (aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, endrin aldehyde, endrin ketone,α-chlordane, γ- chlordane, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, endosulfan sulphate, heptachlor, heptachlor epóxide B and metoxichlor). Some of these compounds showed concentrations above the Soil Screening Levels (SSLs) for human health and ecosystems as is established in R.D.09/2005. Different indexes were used to determine their origin. Both historical and recent applications sources were interpreted. Distribution maps for concentrations and indexes were plotte

Identification and Analysis of Conserved cis-Regulatory Regions of the MEIS1 Gene

Meis1, a conserved transcription factor of the TALE-homeodomain class, is expressed in a wide variety of tissues during development. Its complex expression pattern is likely to be controlled by an equally complex regulatory landscape. Here we have scanned the Meis1 locus for regulatory elements and found 13 non-coding regions, highly conserved between humans and teleost fishes, that have enhancer activity in stable transgenic zebrafish lines. All these regions are syntenic in most vertebrates. The composite expression of all these enhancer elements recapitulate most of Meis1 expression during early embryogenesis, indicating they comprise a basic set of regulatory elements of the Meis1 gene. Using bioinformatic tools, we identify a number of potential binding sites for transcription factors that are compatible with the regulation of these enhancers. Specifically, HHc2:066650, which is expressed in the developing retina and optic tectum, harbors several predicted Pax6 sites. Biochemical, functional and transgenic assays indicate that pax6 genes directly regulate HHc2:066650 activity.This work was funded through grants BFU2009-07044 (MICINN) and Proyecto de Excelencia CVI 2658 (Junta de Andalucía) to FC and BFU2010-14839 (MICINN), CSD2007-00008 and Proyecto de Excelencia CVI-3488 to JLGS. JLR is a recipient of a JAE-DOC contract from the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)