13 research outputs found
Opinions of medical students at the University of Cape Town on emigration, conscription and compulsory community service
A study was conducted to determine emigration intentions of medical students at the University of Cape Town. Students from 1st to 5th year completed a self-administered questionnaire. A response rate of 86% was achieved. Over half the students (54%) were considering emigration. The most frequently selected motivating factors were moral dissatisfaction with the present government and career opportunities abroad. Men who were eligible for military conscription rated this factor as an important deterrent to remaining in South Africa, and 81% stated objections to national service. However, 71% would be less likely to emigrate were an alternative national service (ANS) instituted. Should a compulsory community service be implemented, 41% of those eligible would be more inclined to emigrate. Recommendations include the implementation of ANS; a re-evaluation of the compulsory community service proposal; and further investigation of emigration trends and of ways to curb emigration. Suggestions offered are a reappraisal of both selection criteria and medical education; and the provision of incentives for doctors to work in rural areas
Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD
Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that often persists into adulthood and old age. Yet ADHD is currently underdiagnosed and undertreated in many European countries, leading to chronicity of symptoms and impairment, due to lack of, or ineffective treatment, and higher costs of illness. Methods The European Network Adult ADHD and the Section for Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan (NDAL) of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), aim to increase awareness and knowledge of adult ADHD in and outside Europe. This Updated European Consensus Statement aims to support clinicians with research evidence and clinical experience from 63 experts of European and other countries in which ADHD in adults is recognized and treated. Results Besides reviewing the latest research on prevalence, persistence, genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions are addressed: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2) How should ADHD be properly diagnosed in adults? (3) How should adult ADHDbe effectively treated? Conclusions ADHD often presents as a lifelong impairing condition. The stigma surrounding ADHD, mainly due to lack of knowledge, increases the suffering of patients. Education on the lifespan perspective, diagnostic assessment, and treatment of ADHD must increase for students of general and mental health, and for psychiatry professionals. Instruments for screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available, as are effective evidence-based treatments for ADHD and its negative outcomes. More research is needed on gender differences, and in older adults with ADHD. (c) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.Peer reviewe
Bright light therapy versus physical exercise to prevent co-morbid depression and obesity in adolescents and young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Background: The risk for major depression and obesity is increased in adolescents and adults with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and adolescent ADHD predicts adult depression and obesity. Non-pharmacological interventions to treat and prevent these co-morbidities are urgently needed. Bright light therapy (BLT) improves day– night rhythm and is an emerging therapy for major depression. Exercise intervention (EI) reduces obesity and improves depressive symptoms. To date, no randomized controlled trial (RCT) has been performed to establish feasibility and efficacy of these interventions targeting the prevention of co-morbid depression and obesity in ADHD. We hypothesize that the two manualized interventions in combination with mobile health-based monitoring and reinforcement will result in less depressive symptoms and obesity compared to treatment as usual in adolescents and young adults with ADHD. Methods: This trial is a prospective, pilot phase-IIa, parallel-group RCT with three arms (two add-on treatment groups [BLT, EI] and one treatment as usual [TAU] control group). The primary outcome variable is change in the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology total score (observer-blinded assessment) between baseline and ten weeks of intervention. This variable is analyzed with a mixed model for repeated measures approach investigating the treatment effect with respect to all three groups. A total of 330 participants with ADHD, aged 14 – < 30 years, will be screened at the four study centers. To establish effect sizes, the sample size was planned at the liberal significance level of α = 0.10 (two-sided) and the power of 1-β = 80% in order to find medium effects. Secondary outcomes measures including change in obesity, ADHD symptoms, general psychopathology, health-related quality of life, neurocognitive function, chronotype, and physical fitness are explored after the end of the intervention and at the 12-week follow-up. This is the first pilot RCT on the use of BLT and EI in combination with mobile health-based monitoring and reinforcement targeting the prevention of co-morbid depression and obesity in adolescents and young adults with ADHD. If at least medium effects can be established with regard to the prevention of depressive symptoms and obesity, a larger scale confirmatory phase-III trial may be warranted.The trial is funded by the EU Framework Programme for Research and
Innovation, Horizon 2020 (Project no. 667302). Funding period: January
2016–December 2020. This funding source had no role in the design of this
study and will not have any role during its execution, analyses, interpretation
of the data, or decision to submit results.
Some local funds additionally contributed to carry out this study, especially for
the preparation of the interventions: FBO research activity is by the Spanish
Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness – MINECO (RYC-2011-09011) and by
the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016, Excellence actions:
Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)
Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD
Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the
most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that often persists into
adulthood and old age. Yet ADHD is currently underdiagnosed and
undertreated in many European countries, leading to chronicity of
symptoms and impairment, due to lack of, or ineffective treatment, and
higher costs of illness.
Methods The European Network Adult ADHD and the Section for
Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan (NDAL) of the European
Psychiatric Association (EPA), aim to increase awareness and knowledge
of adult ADHD in and outside Europe. This Updated European Consensus
Statement aims to support clinicians with research evidence and clinical
experience from 63 experts of European and other countries in which ADHD
in adults is recognized and treated.
Results Besides reviewing the latest research on prevalence,
persistence, genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions
are addressed: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2)
How should ADHD be properly diagnosed in adults? (3) How should adult
ADHDbe effectively treated?
Conclusions ADHD often presents as a lifelong impairing condition. The
stigma surrounding ADHD, mainly due to lack of knowledge, increases the
suffering of patients. Education on the lifespan perspective, diagnostic
assessment, and treatment of ADHD must increase for students of general
and mental health, and for psychiatry professionals. Instruments for
screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available, as are
effective evidence-based treatments for ADHD and its negative outcomes.
More research is needed on gender differences, and in older adults with
ADHD. (c) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS
The 15th Biannual National Congress of the South African Society of Psychiatrists, 10-14 August 2008, Fancourt, George, W Cape
1. How can we maintain a sustainable private practice in the current political and economic climate?
Eugene Allers
2. SASOP Clinical guidelines, protocols and algorithms: Development of treatment guidelines for bipolar mood disorder and major depression
Eugene Allers, Margaret Nair, Gerhard Grobler
3. The revolving door phenomenon in psychiatry: Comparing low-frequency and high-frequency users of psychiatric inpatient services in a developing country
U A Botha, P Oosthuien, L Koen, J A Joska, J Parker, N Horn
4. Neurophysiology of emotion and senses - The interface between psyche and soma
Eugene Allers
5. Suicide prevention: From and beyond the psychiatrist's hands
O Alonso Betanourt, M Morales Herrera
6. Treatment of first-episod psychosis: Efficacy and toleabilty of a long-acting typical antipsychotic
B Chiliza, R Schoeman, R Emsey, P Oosthuizen, L KOen, D Niehaus, S Hawkridge
7. Treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the young child
Helen Clark
8. Holistic/ Alternative treatment in psychiatry: The value of indigenous knowledge systems in cllaboration with moral, ethical and religious approaches in the military services
J Dill
9. Treating Schizophrenia: Have we got it wrong?
Robin Emsley
10.Terminal questions in the elderly
Mike Ewart Smith
11. Mental Health Policy development and implementation in Ghana, South Africa, Uganda and Zambia
Alan J Flisher, Crick Lund, Michelle Frank, Arvin Bhana, Victor Doku, Natalie Drew, Fred N Kigozi, Martin Knapp, Mayeh Omar, Inge Petersen, Andrew Green andthe MHaPP Research Programme Consortium
12. What indicators should be used to monitor progress in scaling uo services for people with mental disorders?
Lancet Global Mental Health Group (Alan J Flisher, Dan Chisholm, Crick Lund, Vikram Patel, Shokhar Saxena, Graham Thornicroft, Mark Tomlinson)
13. Does unipolar mania merit research in South Africa? A look at the literature
Christoffel Grobler
14. Revisiting the Cartesian duality of mind and body
Oye Gureje
15. Child and adolescent psychopharmacology: Current trends and complexities
S M Hawkridge
16. Integrating mental illness, suicide and religion
Volker Hitzeroth
17. Cost of acute inpatient mental health care in a 72-hour assessment uniy
A B R Janse van Rensburg, W Jassat
18. Management of Schizophrenia according to South African standard treatment guidelines
A B R Janse van Rensburg
19. Structural brain imaging in the clinical management of psychiatric illness
F Y Jeenah
20. ADHD: Change in symptoms from child to adulthood
S A Jeeva, A Turgay
21. HIV-Positive psychiatric patients in antiretrovirals
G Jonsson, F Y Jeenah, M Y H Moosa
22. A one year review of patients admitted to tertiary HIV/Neuropsychiatry beds in the Western Cape
John Joska, Paul Carey, Ian Lewis, Paul Magni, Don Wilson, Dan J Stein
23. Star'd - Critical review and treatment implications
Andre Joubert
24. Options for treatment-resistent depression: Lessons from Star'd; an interactive session
Andre Joubert
25. My brain made me do it: How Neuroscience may change the insanity defence
Sean Kaliski
26. Child andadolescent mental health services in four African countries
Sharon Kleintjies, Alan Flisher, Victoruia Campbell-Hall, Arvin Bhana, Phillippa Bird, Victor Doku, Natalie, Drew, Michelle Funk, Andrew Green, Fred Kigozi, Crick Lund, Angela Ofori-Atta, Mayeh Omar, Inge Petersen, Mental Health and Poverty Research Programme Consortium
27. Individualistic theories of risk behaviour
Liezl Kramer, Volker Hitzeroth
28. Development and implementation of mental health poliy and law in South Africa: What is the impact of stigma?
Ritsuko Kakuma, Sharon Kleintjes, Crick Lund, Alan J Flisher, Paula Goering, MHaPP Research Programme Consortium
29. Factors contributing to community reintegration of long-term mental health crae users of Weskoppies Hospital
Carri Lewis, Christa Kruger
30. Mental health and poverty: A systematic review of the research in low- and middle-income countries
Crick Lund, Allison Breen, Allan J Flisher, Ritsuko Kakuma, Leslie Swartz, John Joska, Joanne Corrigall, Vikram Patel, MHaPP Research Programe Consortium
31. The cost of scaling up mental health care in low- and middle-income countries
Crick Lund, Dan Chishlom, Shekhar Saxena
32. 'Tikking'Clock: The impact of a methamphetamine epidemic at a psychiatric hospital in the Western Cape
P Milligan, J S Parker
33. Durban youth healh-sk behaviour: Prevalence f Violence-related behaviour
D L Mkize
34. Profile of morality of patients amitted Weskoppies Psychiatric Hospital in Sout frican over a 5-Year period (2001-2005)
N M Moola, N Khamker, J L Roos, P Rheeder
35. One flew over Psychiatry nest
Leverne Mountany
36. The ethical relationship betwe psychiatrists and the pharmaceutical indutry
Margaret G Nair
37. Developing the frameor of a postgraduate da programme in mental health
R J Nichol, B de Klerk, M M Nel, G van Zyl, J Hay
38. An unfolding story: The experience with HIV-ve patients at a Psychiatric Hospital
J S Parker, P Milligan
39. Task shifting: A practical strategy for scalingup mental health care in developing countries
Vikram Patel
40. Ethics: Informed consent and competency in the elderly
Willie Pienaar
41. Confronting ommonmoral dilemmas. Celebrating uncertainty, while in search patient good
Willie Pienaar
42. Moral dilemmas in the treatment and repatriation of patients with psychtorders while visiting our country
Duncan Ian Rodseth
43. Geriatrics workshop (Psegal symposium): Medico-legal issuess in geriatric psyhiatry
Felix Potocnik
44. Brain stimulation techniques - update on recent research
P J Pretorius
45. Holistic/Alternative treatments in psychiatry
T Rangaka, J Dill
46. Cognitive behaviour therapy and other brief interventions for management of substances
Solomon Rataemane
47. A Transtheoretical view of change
Nathan P Rogerson
48. Profile of security breaches in longerm mental health care users at Weskoppies Hospital over a 6-month period
Deleyn Rema, Lindiwe Mthethwa, Christa Kruger
49. Management of psychogenic and chronic pain - A novel approach
M S Salduker
50. Childhood ADHD and bipolar mood disorders: Differences and similarities
L Scribante
51. The choice of antipsychotic in HIV-infected patients and psychopharmacocal responses to antipsychotic medication
Dinesh Singh, Karl Goodkin
52. Pearls in clinical neuroscience: A teaching column in CNS Spectrums
Dan J Stein
53. Urinary Cortisol secretion and traumatics in a cohort of SA Metro policemen A longitudinal study
Ugash Subramaney
54. Canabis use in Psychiatric inpatients
M Talatala, G M Nair, D L Mkize
55. Pathways to care and treatmt in first and multi-episodepsychosis: Findings fm a developing country
H S Teh, P P Oosthuizen
56. Mental disorders in HIV-infected indivat various HIV Treatment sites in South Africa
Rita Thom
57. Attendanc ile of long-term mental health care users at ocupational therapy group sessions at Weskoppies Hospital
Ronel van der Westhuizen, Christa Kruger
58. Epidemiological patterns of extra-medical drug use in South Africa: Results from the South African stress and health study
Margaretha S van Heerden, Anna Grimsrud, David Williams, Dan Stein
59. Persocentred diagnosis: Where d ps and mental disorders fit in the International classificaton of diseases (ICD)?
Werdie van Staden
60. What every psychiatrist needs to know about scans
Herman van Vuuren
61. Psychiatric morbidity in health care workers withle drug-resistant erulosis (MDR-TB) A case series
Urvashi Vasant, Dinesh Singh
62. Association between uetrine artery pulsatility index and antenatal maternal psychological stress
Bavanisha Vythilingum, Lut Geerts, Annerine Roos, Sheila Faure, Dan J Stein
63. Approaching the dual diagnosis dilemma
Lize Weich
64. Women's mental health: Onset of mood disturbance in midlife - Fact or fiction
Denise White
65. Failing or faking: Isses in the fiagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD
Dora Wynchan