The Vehicle, 1962, Vol. 4

Vol. 4 Table of Contents The SearchLarry Pricepage 7 If We Should MeetPauline B. Smithpage 16 Sonnet No. 1Linda Campbellpage 17 SnowflakesPauline B. Smithpage 17 Encounter in the VoidEric Crookspage 18 symbolBen Polkpage 24 The Sound of SilenceJames Wilhelmpage 24 ColoursJean Ellen Danenbargerpage 26 vegetableBen Polkpage 27 The GiftJan Holstlawpage 29 The Tiled OvenRichard Glassonpage 30 This Lover Ever WeepsBen Polkpage 31 El DoradoPauline B. Smithpage 32 I\u27m SorryMary Jean Pitratpage 32 The WalkDavid Schwarzpage 33 The Twenty-Third ChannelBen Polkpage 34 After the PicnicLinda Campbellpage 35 SoliloquyJanice Brookspage 35 JulieMyra Edmanpage 36 Poems (1) (2)Gale Crousepage 40 Boardwalk at NightSheran Broadwaypage 41 SunsetPauline B. Smithpage 42 SummerC.E.M.page 42 It\u27s Spring AgainJanice Brookspage 43 Chinese SymbolsJean Ellen Danenbargerpage 43 Why Do You Wait?Gale Crousepage 44 seekerBen Polkpage 46 Poems (3) (4) (5)Gale Crousepage 47 Opposite AttractionsC.E.M.page 48 Illustrations for the winning short story and poemDouglas Koertgehttps://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1010/thumbnail.jp

Cover crop root contributions to soil carbon in a no-till corn bioenergy cropping system

Crop residues are potential biofuel feedstocks, but residue removal may reduce soil carbon (C). The inclusion of a cover crop in a corn bioenergy system could provide additional biomass, mitigating the negative effects of residue removal by adding to stable soil C pools. In a no-till continuous corn bioenergy system in the northern US Corn Belt, we used 13CO2 pulse labeling to trace plant C from a winter rye (Secale cereale) cover crop into different soil C pools for 2 years following rye cover crop termination. Corn stover left as residue (30% of total stover) contributed 66, corn roots 57, rye shoots 61, rye roots 50, and rye rhizodeposits 25 g C m−2 to soil. Five months following cover crop termination, belowground cover crop inputs were three times more likely to remain in soil C pools than were aboveground inputs, and much of the root-derived C was in mineral-associated soil fractions. After 2 years, both above- and belowground inputs had declined substantially, indicating that the majority of both root and shoot inputs are eventually mineralized. Our results underscore the importance of cover crop roots vs. shoots and the importance of cover crop rhizodeposition (33% of total belowground cover crop C inputs) as a source of soil C. However, the eventual loss of most cover crop C from these soils indicates that cover crops will likely need to be included every year in rotations to accumulate soil C

Measures of frailty in population-based studies: An overview

Although research productivity in the field of frailty has risen exponentially in recent years, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the measurement of this syndrome. This overview offers three services: first, we provide a comprehensive catalogue of current frailty measures; second, we evaluate their reliability and validity; third, we report on their popularity of use