Training Primary School Teachers – Issues and Trends Republic

AbstractTraining teachers of all school levels has been a long-term fundamental issue in the Czech Republic. Significant attention is paid to training primary school teachers as primary school has undergone a vast transformation recently. As a part of this transformation, training primary school teachers is being innovated in terms of current trends emerging in other European countries. Along with these innovative steps, a number of issues have come up, such as which form of teacher training for this level of the school system is the most appropriate. Among the most frequent issues belong the following: to what extent the training should be academic, what should be the ratio of practical training to theoretical training, whether this training should be provided by universities or individual institutes, what should be the length of the study and final graduation. Broad discussion is held on the content of the study programmes as such, on the extent of their variability leading to prospective teacher's personal development and a high level of competence. The paper will present the basic design of teacher training in the Czech Republic including the issues connected thereto. It will also show current trends in the European context. Central to this will be a presentation of the research carried out with graduates in primary school education and practising primary school teachers. The findings will be assessed and used for drawing conclusions and making recommendations for the innovation of teacher training of the target school level

The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils

Disertační práce Jazykový obraz smrti, posmrtného života a umírání u žáků základních a středních škol se věnuje rekonstrukci jazykového obrazu smrti těchto skupin žáků, jeho vzájemné komparaci a jeho srovnání s rozvinutým psychologickým konceptem smrti. Dále charakterizuje, jak se v jazykovém obrazu smrti u žáků projevuje tabuizace tohoto tématu a jaké modifikace jazykového obrazu světa obraz smrti u žáků vykazuje. V první části se práce zabývá pojetím smrti v jazyce a kultuře, a tedy také jazykovou a socio-kulturní tabuizací tohoto fenoménu. Věnujeme se zde vývoji nazírání na smrt v historii a také vývoji konceptu smrti u dětí a mládeže. Teoretickým východiskem pro tuto práci jsou metody kognitivní lingvistiky a jejího přístupu ke zkoumání jazyka. Charakteristikou tohoto lingvistického přístupu, jeho metod, jakož i hlavních směrů a představitelů se zabýváme v další části práce. Z metod kognitivní lingvistky vycházíme nejen při zpracování, ale také při sběru jazykových dat. Ve třetí části práce analyzujeme jazyková data systémová, textová a empirická. Textová data čerpáme z textů intencionální literatury pro děti a mládež, z textů učebnic českého jazyka pro 2. stupeň základních škol a z textů publikovaných na sociálních sítích. Empirická data, získaná prostřednictvím dotazníkového šetření...The dissertation The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils is devoted to the reconstruction of the linguistic picture of death in these groups of pupils, its mutual comparison and its comparison with the developed psychological concept of death. Furthermore, it describes how the taboo of this topic manifests itself in the pupils' linguistic picture of death and which modifications of the linguistic picture of the world are shown in the linguistic picture of death among pupils. In the first part, the dissertation deals with the concept of death in language and culture, and thus also with the linguistic and socio-cultural taboo of this phenomenon. We deal with the development of the conception of death in history and also the development of the concept of death of children and youth. The theoretical frame for this work is based on the methods of cognitive linguistics and its approach to linguistic research. We characterize this linguistic approach, its methods and the main representatives in the next part of the work. We use cognitive linguist methods not only for processing but also for collecting language data. In the third part, we analyze system, text and empirical language data. Textual data are derived from texts of intentional literature for...Oddělení pro vědeckou činnostPedagogická fakultaFaculty of Educatio

Národní projekt rozvoje čtenářské gramotnosti ve Velká Británii

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History and Development of Prices of Recreational Buildings Near the Brno Reservoir

Diplomová práce se zabývá historií a vývojem cen rekreačních chat v okolí Brněnské přehrady. V úvodní části je vymezena stavba pro rekreaci podle právních předpisů, je zde popsána historie Brněnské přehrady a její vývoj. Následující kapitoly popisují ocenění rekreačních chat podle předchozích a současných oceňovacích předpisů. V experimentální části je provedena analýza získaných cenových údajů. Dále jsou zde oceněny dvě rekreační chaty podle oceňovacích předpisů od roku 1965 až do dnes. U těchto rekreačních chat je provedeno i tržní ocenění za období 2014 až 2018. V závěru diplomové práce je provedena diskuze výsledků a závěrečné komplexní zhodnocení.Master’s thesis deals with the history and development of the prices of holiday cottages around Brno dam. The introductory part defines the construction for recreation according to the legal regulations, describes the history of Brno dam and its development. The following chapters describe the valuation of holiday cottages according to the previous and present valuation regulations. In the experimental part is performed the analysis of the obtained prices. Two holiday cottages are valued according to the valuation regulations from 1965 until today. For these holiday cottages are performed also market valuation for the period 2014 to 2018. At the end of the master’s thesis is performed discussion of the results and final comprehensive evaluation.

Project “Enhancing the Quality of Education, Developing Key Competences, Areas of Education and Literacy”: working with song lyrics in reading literacy development

546

Phylogenetic signal in growth and reproductive traits and in their plasticity: the D escurainia radiation in the C anary I slands

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106137/1/boj12139.pd

Can Community Structure Track Sea-Level Rise? Stress and Competitive Controls in Tidal Wetlands

Climate change impacts, such as accelerated sea-level rise, will affect stress gradients, yet impacts on competition/stress tolerance trade-offs and shifts in distributions are unclear. Ecosystems with strong stress gradients, such as estuaries, allow for space-for-time substitutions of stress factors and can give insight into future climate-related shifts in both resource and nonresource stresses. We tested the stress gradient hypothesis and examined the effect of increased inundation stress and biotic interactions on growth and survival of two congeneric wetland sedges, Schoenoplectus acutus and Schoenoplectus americanus. We simulated sea-level rise across existing marsh elevations and those not currently found to reflect potential future sea-level rise conditions in two tidal wetlands differing in salinity. Plants were grown individually and together at five tidal elevations, the lowest simulating an 80-cm increase in sea level, and harvested to assess differences in biomass after one growing season. Inundation time, salinity, sulfides, and redox potential were measured concurrently. As predicted, increasing inundation reduced biomass of the species commonly found at higher marsh elevations, with little effect on the species found along channel margins. The presence of neighbors reduced total biomass of both species, particularly at the highest elevation; facilitation did not occur at any elevation. Contrary to predictions, we documented the competitive superiority of the stress tolerator under increased inundation, which was not predicted by the stress gradient hypothesis. Multifactor manipulation experiments addressing plant response to accelerated climate change are integral to creating a more realistic, valuable, and needed assessment of potential ecosystem response. Our results point to the important and unpredicted synergies between physical stressors, which are predicted to increase in intensity with climate change, and competitive forces on biomass as stresses increase

Is the degree of clonality of forest herbs dependent on gap age? Using fingerprinting approaches to assess optimum successional stages for montane forest herbs

Using molecular fingerprinting (amplified fragment length polymorphism [AFLP] method), we explored the potential of small-scale population analysis for understanding colonization patterns of herb layer species in forests after canopy disturbance. We investigated three common forest understorey species with different life forms (Trientalis europaea, Calamagrostis villosa, and Vaccinium myrtillus) in the Harz Mountains in Germany in three different gap age classes and undisturbed forest. For two of them (T. europaea and C. villosa), we analyzed clone sizes and clonal structure. We hypothesized that clone sizes depend on age since gap formation and are affected by light availability. Mean patch sizes of V. myrtillus, T. europaea, and C. villosa formed were 3.7 m2, 27.9 m2, and 40.6 m2, respectively. Trientalis europaea and C. villosa patches consisted mostly of more than one genet. Largest clone sizes of T. europaea were encountered in gaps of intermediate successional age (15–60 years, averaged minimum estimation of clone sizes: 6.56 m2) whereas clone size of C. villosa was found to be independent from gap age and had a mean minimum clone size of 0.49 m2. In both species, clone size was positively related to light availability. Additionally, there was a positive relationship between clone size and ramet density for T. europaea and C. villosa. Genetic variation was higher within populations of T. europaea and C. villosa than among populations. Trientalis europaea was the only species with a clear genetic isolation by distance, pointing at an equilibrium between gene flow and genetic drift. In conclusion, we showed that forest canopy gap dynamics clearly affect the small-scale structure of populations of understorey plants. Species with high lateral growth rates, such as T. europaea offer the possibility to serve as “ecological clock” for dating ecological processes

The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils

The dissertation The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils is devoted to the reconstruction of the linguistic picture of death in these groups of pupils, its mutual comparison and its comparison with the developed psychological concept of death. Furthermore, it describes how the taboo of this topic manifests itself in the pupils' linguistic picture of death and which modifications of the linguistic picture of the world are shown in the linguistic picture of death among pupils. In the first part, the dissertation deals with the concept of death in language and culture, and thus also with the linguistic and socio-cultural taboo of this phenomenon. We deal with the development of the conception of death in history and also the development of the concept of death of children and youth. The theoretical frame for this work is based on the methods of cognitive linguistics and its approach to linguistic research. We characterize this linguistic approach, its methods and the main representatives in the next part of the work. We use cognitive linguist methods not only for processing but also for collecting language data. In the third part, we analyze system, text and empirical language data. Textual data are derived from texts of intentional literature for..