Chemoselective C-H Bond Activation: Ligand and Solvent Free Iron-Catalyzed Oxidative C-C Cross-Coupling of Tertiary Amines with Terminal Alkynes. Reaction Scope and Mechanism

FeCl2 catalyzes the oxidative C-C cross-coupling of tertiary amines with terminal alkynes into propargylamines using (t-BuO)2 as oxidant. The reaction can be applied to aromatic and aliphatic amines and alkynes without solvent. High chemoselectivity for aminomethyl groups is due to a steric factor

PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGGUNAKAN MODEL SFAE DENGAN CIRC KELAS X TKR SMKN 1 INDRALAYA UTARA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar menggunakan model SFAE (Student Facilitator and Explaining) dengan CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition) Pada mata pelajaran Teknologi Dasar Otomotif kompetensi proses dasar pembentukan logam di SMKN 1 Indralaya Utara. Metode penelitian ini adalah quasy eksperimen. Jumlah populasi seluruh siwa kelas X TKR SMKN 1 Indralaya Utara tahun ajaran 2016/2017 berjumlah 75 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan observasi, berupa hasil dan aktivitas belajar siswa. Hasil analisis data tes menggunakan uji-t menunjukkan thitung sebesar 0,99 sedangkan ttabel pada taraf signifikan 5% sebesar 2,01 maka hasilnya menerima Ho atau tidak ada perbedaan hasil belajar. Berdasarkan analisis keaktifan siswa kelas X TKR 2 menggunakan model SFAE pertemuan pertama sebesar 59,90%, pertemuan kedua menjadi 77,08%. Sedangkan keaktifan siswa kelas X TKR 1 menggunakan model CIRC pertemuan pertama sebesar 63,46%, pertemuan kedua menjadi 74,04% berdasarkan kriteria pengkategorian dapat dikatakan bahwa keaktifan kedua kelas tergolong aktif.Kata kunci: hasil belajar model pembelajaran SFAE (Student Facilitator and Explaining) model pembelajaran CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition

Palladium-catalyzed desulfinylative C–C allylation of Grignard reagents and enolates using allylsulfonyl chlorides and esters

2-Methylprop-2-ene-, prop-2-ene-, 1-methylprop-2-ene-, and (E)-but-2-enesulfonyl chlorides have been used as electrophilic partners in desulfinylative palladium- catalyzed C–C coupling with Grignard reagents and sodium salts of dimethyl malonate and methyl acetoacetate. Neopentyl alk-2-ene sulfonates can also be used as electrophilic partners in desulfinylative allylic arylations and allylic alkylations. The regioselectivity of the allylic arylation and alkylation depends on the nature of the catalyst. With PdCl2(PhCN)2, (E)-crotyl derivatives are formed in high regioselectivity using either 1- methylprop-2-eneor (E)-but-2-enesulfonyl chloride

Enantioselective stereodivergent nucleophile-dependent isothiourea-catalysed domino reactions

We thank the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) ERC grant agreement no. 279850 (J.E.T.) and the EPSRC (EP/J018139/1, A.M.). ADS thanks the Royal Society for a Wolfson Research Merit Award.α,β-Unsaturated acyl ammoniums generated from the reaction of α,β-unsaturated 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) esters bearing a pendent enone with an isothiourea organocatalyst are versatile intermediates in a range of enantioselective nucleophile-dependent domino processes to form complex products of diverse topology with excellent stereoselectivity. Use of either 1,3-dicarbonyls, acyl benzothiazoles, or acyl benzimidazoles as nucleophiles allows three distinct, diastereodivergent domino reaction pathways to be accessed to form various fused polycyclic cores containing multiple contiguous stereocentres.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

On the Role of Metal Contaminants in Catalyses with FeCl

Warning: Catalyzed N-, O-, and C-arylation reactions ascribed to FeCl3 can instead result from catalysis by trace quantities of copper salts.Fonds der Chemischen Industrie (Germany)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (GM46059)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (58160

Palladium-Catalyzed Desulfitative Mizoroki-Heck Coupling Reactions of Sulfonyl Chlorides with Olefins in a Nitrile-functionalized Ionic Liquid

Aryl and alkenyl sulfonyl chlorides can be used in Heck-Mizoroki-type couplings with mono- and disubstituted olefins in a nitrile-functionalized ionic liquid, viz. [C3CNpy][Tf2N]. Advan­tages over previously reported methods include: (1) use of a cheap catalyst source, PdCl2, (2) ability to handle the catalyst in air, (3) ­reduced reaction times, (4) elimination of phase-transfer catalysts due to the high solubility of the inorganic base in the ionic liquid, and (5) facile recycling of the ionic liquid-palladium catalyst. The yields of coupling products remain in the same range as the reactions conducted in organic solvents. Palladium nanoparticles, characterized using transmission electron microscopy, have been identified in the ionic liquid following the Heck-Mizoroki type ­coupling reactions

Gegensätzliche Reaktivität frustrierter Lewis-Paare mit Selen- und Bor-basierten Lewis-Säuren

Die Aktivierung von π-Bindungen in Alkin-substituierten Estern wurde mit weichen und harten Lewis-Säuren untersucht. Im Fall der weichen Selen-Lewis-Säure PhSeCl führte die sequenzielle Aktivierung der Alkine zunächst zu einer Isocumarinverbindung (1 Äquiv. PhSeCl), und dann zu einer tetracyclischen konjugierten Struktur, bei der die Isocumarin-Einheit mit einem Benzoselenopyran-System verknüpft ist (3 Äquiv. PhSeCl). Umgekehrt leitet das Boran B(C6F5)3 als harte Lewis-Säure eine Reaktionskaskade ein, bei der ein komplexes π-konjugiertes System mit einer Phthalid- und einer Inden-Untereinheit erhalten wird

Organocatalytic Enantioselective Functionalization of Hydroxyquinolines through an aza-Friedel-Crafts Alkylation with Isatin-derived Ketimines

A highly enantioselective addition o hydroxyquinolines to isatin-derived ketimines hasbeen realized using a quinine-derived thiourea organocatalyst. The reaction affords chiral 3-amino-2-oxindoles bearing a quinoline moiety with a quaternary stereocenter in high yields (up to 98%) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99%). Moreover, we can extend this methodology for the enantioselective functionalization of 5-hydroxyisoquinoline. This methodology represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first enantioselective addition of hydroxyquinolines to imines