Creación artística o investigación aplicada.

Este artículo intenta mostrar la Creación Artística como un proceso de Investigación Aplicada considerando la diversidad de conocimientos que se deben tener en cuenta en un proceso de creación, y la rigurosidad que esos conocimientos exigen. Expone un estudio de caso particular de la creación del proyecto denominado Multimedia Cali Cultura Salsera, pieza desarrollada en el marco de la convocatoria de proyectos de creación artística del año 2009 de la Universidad del Valle. Fue presentada en el XI Festival Internacional de la Imagen dentro de la VII muestra Media Art del 16 al 20 de Abril del año 2012 en la Universidad de Caldas (Manizales)

Estratégias de análises de obra interativa: laboratório alternativo como ferramenta

The interactive installation is currently an important alternative for disseminating works in museums and calling on new audiences, but one of its limitations is the early diagnosis of potential problems that may occur in the interactive communication process. Faced with this initial hypothesis, the aim of this work was to create an educational audiovisual laboratory capable of evaluating and diagnosing possible difficulties in this communicative process and help to establish strategies to advance alternative proposals and improve the interaction between the works at the museum and the public. As a result, a test laboratory was adapted in a television studio where the emot-brain test was applied: a method for evaluating user experience to the installation -Uno se muere y sigue aprendiendo a pintar- (Even dead one keeps learning how to paint, in English) with a focus group of students and professors from Universidad del Valle. The test yielded thymic indicators that were recorded through the Emotiv-epoc® device and chronemic and proxemic relationships that were systematized through participant observation, infrared and high sensitivity cameras and interviews. The evaluations provided evidence of the practical strengths and limitations of the works exhibited and allowed the interactive relationships to be noticed, understood and enriched. With these inputs, the corrections were adjusted, and the work was disseminated. The experience constitutes a support resource to guide students and creators in the face of uncertainty about the functionality of their works with evidence to support creative processes, revealing aspects that creators do not notice in the conception of the works.La instalación interactiva constituye actualmente una alternativa importante para difundir obras en museos y convocar nuevos públicos, pero una de sus limitaciones es diagnosticar a tiempo problemas potenciales que puedan darse en el proceso de comunicación interactivo. Frente a esta hipótesis de partida, se planteó como objetivo la creación de un laboratorio audiovisual pedagógico capaz de evaluar y diagnosticar posibles dificultades en dicho proceso comunicativo y ayudar a establecer las estrategias para adelantar propuestas alternativas y mejorar la interacción entra la obra y el público. En consecuencia, se adecuó un laboratorio de ensayo en un estudio de televisión donde se aplicó la prueba emot-brain: Método de evaluación de experiencia de usuario a la instalación Uno se muere y sigue aprendiendo a pintar con un grupo focal de estudiantes y profesores de la universidad del Valle. El ensayo arrojó indicadores tímicos que se registraron a través del dispositivo Emotiv-epoc y relaciones cronémicas y proxémicas que se sistematizaron a través de la observación participante, cámaras infrarrojas y de alta sensibilidad y entrevistas. Las evaluaciones arrojaron evidencias de las fortalezas y limitaciones en la praxis de las obras expuestas y permitieron advertir, comprender y enriquecer las relaciones interactivas. Con estos insumos se ajustaron los correctivos y se difundió la obra. La experiencia constituye un recurso de apoyo para orientar a estudiantes y creadores frente a la incertidumbre sobre la funcionalidad de sus obras con pruebas para apoyar procesos creativos. De esta manera, se revelan aspectos que los creadores no advierten en la concepción de las obras.A instalação interativa constitui atualmente uma alternativa importante para propagar obras emmuseus e convocar novos públicos, mas uma das suas limitações é diagnosticar a tempo potenciaisproblemas que possam apresentar-se durante o processo de comunicação interativa. Ante essahipóteses, buscou-se como objetivo a criação de um laboratório audiovisual pedagógico capaz deavaliar e diagnosticar possíveis dificuldades no citado processo comunicativo e ajudar a estabeleceras estratégias para adiantar propostas alternativas e melhorar a interação entre a obra e o público. Emconsequência, adequou-se um laboratório de ensaio em um estúdio de televisão aonde aplicou-sea prova emot-brain: Método de avaliação da experiência do usuário a instalação. Morreu-se um esegue aprendendo a pintar com um grupo focal de estudantes e professores da Universidade doValle. O ensaiou obteve indicadores ¿tímicos? que se registraram através do dispositivo Emotiv-epoce relações ¿cronémicas? E proxêmicas que foi sistematizado através da observação participante,câmeras infravermelhas e de alta sensibilidade e entrevistas. As avaliações mostraram as fortalezase limitações na práxis das obras expostas e permitiram advertir, compreender e enriquecer asrelações interativas. Com esses suprimentos ajustou-se as correções e difundiu-se a obra. Aexperiência constitui um recurso de apoio para orientar a estudantes e criadores ante a incertezasobre a funcionalidade das suas obras com provas para apoiar processos criativos. Dessa maneira,revelam-se aspectos que os criadores não advertem na concepção das obras

Generando música a través de la Actividad Cerebral / Generating music through Brain Activity

El presente artículo muestra la forma en que las interfaces cerebro computador (BCI) pueden ser utilizadas para generar música. Para lograr lo anterior, se realiza una revisión de fuentes académicas que contienen definiciones esenciales relacionadas con ambas áreas del conocimiento; de esta forma se podrá establecerse un puente que permita la descripción de una herramienta computacional que permita cumplir con el objetivo planteado

Posicionamiento profesional del diseño industrial en Colombia. Diagnóstico del entorno colombiano para la formulación de acciones estratégicas en organismos de diseño industrial [recurso electrónico]

El interés de este proyecto es reconocer los factores que afectan el posicionamiento profesional del diseño industrial en Colombia a partir de un análisis estratégico del entorno en el que se describen y analizan las características propias de la disciplina (el panorama del diseño industrial en Colombia) en relación con las condiciones externas (los escenarios económico, político, social y productivo) con el fin de establecer una guía para la orientación de las acciones estratégicas de los organismos de diseño industrial en el paí

Balance de 25 años de jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional

La Corte Constitucional de Colombia ha tenido un importante impacto en la vida social, cultural y política del país, a tal punto que, desde su creación, la jurisprudencia de este tribunal se ha convertido en un referente mundial acerca de las diversas materias sobre las que se ha pronunciado . Este libro presenta un balance de la jurisprudencia que durante sus primeros veinticinco años la Corte ha expedido. Con este fin, el magistrado Luis Guillermo Guerrero Pérez y los magistrados auxiliares Miguel Polo Rosero y Claudia Escobar García recogen los trabajos de expertos nacionales e internacionales, funcionarios del Estado y Miembros de la sociedad civil que se presentaron en el XII Encuentro de la Jurisdicción Constitucional, realizado en la ciudad de San Juan de Pasto entre el 27 y el 30 de septiembre de 2017. En ese encuentro, se ratificó que la Corte Constitucional tiene la tarea de velar por la integridad de los compromisos de la Constitución. Los capítulos que conforman este libro ofrecen una mirada multidisciplinaria sobre la eficacia y el impacto de las decisiones de la Corte, específicamente en lo que tiene que ver con la democracia y la participación, el sistema de salud, el sistema pensional, el medio ambiente y el fenómeno discriminatorio con la relación al género y a la condición de discapacidad en Colombia.Bogot

Federated learning enables big data for rare cancer boundary detection.

Although machine learning (ML) has shown promise across disciplines, out-of-sample generalizability is concerning. This is currently addressed by sharing multi-site data, but such centralization is challenging/infeasible to scale due to various limitations. Federated ML (FL) provides an alternative paradigm for accurate and generalizable ML, by only sharing numerical model updates. Here we present the largest FL study to-date, involving data from 71 sites across 6 continents, to generate an automatic tumor boundary detector for the rare disease of glioblastoma, reporting the largest such dataset in the literature (n = 6, 314). We demonstrate a 33% delineation improvement for the surgically targetable tumor, and 23% for the complete tumor extent, over a publicly trained model. We anticipate our study to: 1) enable more healthcare studies informed by large diverse data, ensuring meaningful results for rare diseases and underrepresented populations, 2) facilitate further analyses for glioblastoma by releasing our consensus model, and 3) demonstrate the FL effectiveness at such scale and task-complexity as a paradigm shift for multi-site collaborations, alleviating the need for data-sharing

Author Correction: Federated learning enables big data for rare cancer boundary detection.

10.1038/s41467-023-36188-7NATURE COMMUNICATIONS14

Improved functionalization of oleic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can providemultiple benefits for biomedical applications in aqueous environments such asmagnetic separation or magnetic resonance imaging. To increase the colloidal stability and allow subsequent reactions, the introduction of hydrophilic functional groups onto the particles’ surface is essential. During this process, the original coating is exchanged by preferably covalently bonded ligands such as trialkoxysilanes. The duration of the silane exchange reaction, which commonly takes more than 24 h, is an important drawback for this approach. In this paper, we present a novel method, which introduces ultrasonication as an energy source to dramatically accelerate this process, resulting in high-quality waterdispersible nanoparticles around 10 nmin size. To prove the generic character, different functional groups were introduced on the surface including polyethylene glycol chains, carboxylic acid, amine, and thiol groups. Their colloidal stability in various aqueous buffer solutions as well as human plasma and serum was investigated to allow implementation in biomedical and sensing applications.status: publishe

Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Background: Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) and provide a reference forecast (the most likely future), and alternative scenarios assessing disease burden trajectories if selected sets of risk factors were eliminated from current levels by 2050. Methods: Using forecasts of major drivers of health such as the Socio-demographic Index (SDI; a composite measure of lag-distributed income per capita, mean years of education, and total fertility under 25 years of age) and the full set of risk factor exposures captured by GBD, we provide cause-specific forecasts of mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by age and sex from 2022 to 2050 for 204 countries and territories, 21 GBD regions, seven super-regions, and the world. All analyses were done at the cause-specific level so that only risk factors deemed causal by the GBD comparative risk assessment influenced future trajectories of mortality for each disease. Cause-specific mortality was modelled using mixed-effects models with SDI and time as the main covariates, and the combined impact of causal risk factors as an offset in the model. At the all-cause mortality level, we captured unexplained variation by modelling residuals with an autoregressive integrated moving average model with drift attenuation. These all-cause forecasts constrained the cause-specific forecasts at successively deeper levels of the GBD cause hierarchy using cascading mortality models, thus ensuring a robust estimate of cause-specific mortality. For non-fatal measures (eg, low back pain), incidence and prevalence were forecasted from mixed-effects models with SDI as the main covariate, and YLDs were computed from the resulting prevalence forecasts and average disability weights from GBD. Alternative future scenarios were constructed by replacing appropriate reference trajectories for risk factors with hypothetical trajectories of gradual elimination of risk factor exposure from current levels to 2050. The scenarios were constructed from various sets of risk factors: environmental risks (Safer Environment scenario), risks associated with communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases (CMNNs; Improved Childhood Nutrition and Vaccination scenario), risks associated with major non-communicable diseases (NCDs; Improved Behavioural and Metabolic Risks scenario), and the combined effects of these three scenarios. Using the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways climate scenarios SSP2-4.5 as reference and SSP1-1.9 as an optimistic alternative in the Safer Environment scenario, we accounted for climate change impact on health by using the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change temperature forecasts and published trajectories of ambient air pollution for the same two scenarios. Life expectancy and healthy life expectancy were computed using standard methods. The forecasting framework includes computing the age-sex-specific future population for each location and separately for each scenario. 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for each individual future estimate were derived from the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles of distributions generated from propagating 500 draws through the multistage computational pipeline. Findings: In the reference scenario forecast, global and super-regional life expectancy increased from 2022 to 2050, but improvement was at a slower pace than in the three decades preceding the COVID-19 pandemic (beginning in 2020). Gains in future life expectancy were forecasted to be greatest in super-regions with comparatively low life expectancies (such as sub-Saharan Africa) compared with super-regions with higher life expectancies (such as the high-income super-region), leading to a trend towards convergence in life expectancy across locations between now and 2050. At the super-region level, forecasted healthy life expectancy patterns were similar to those of life expectancies. Forecasts for the reference scenario found that health will improve in the coming decades, with all-cause age-standardised DALY rates decreasing in every GBD super-region. The total DALY burden measured in counts, however, will increase in every super-region, largely a function of population ageing and growth. We also forecasted that both DALY counts and age-standardised DALY rates will continue to shift from CMNNs to NCDs, with the most pronounced shifts occurring in sub-Saharan Africa (60·1% [95% UI 56·8–63·1] of DALYs were from CMNNs in 2022 compared with 35·8% [31·0–45·0] in 2050) and south Asia (31·7% [29·2–34·1] to 15·5% [13·7–17·5]). This shift is reflected in the leading global causes of DALYs, with the top four causes in 2050 being ischaemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, compared with 2022, with ischaemic heart disease, neonatal disorders, stroke, and lower respiratory infections at the top. The global proportion of DALYs due to YLDs likewise increased from 33·8% (27·4–40·3) to 41·1% (33·9–48·1) from 2022 to 2050, demonstrating an important shift in overall disease burden towards morbidity and away from premature death. The largest shift of this kind was forecasted for sub-Saharan Africa, from 20·1% (15·6–25·3) of DALYs due to YLDs in 2022 to 35·6% (26·5–43·0) in 2050. In the assessment of alternative future scenarios, the combined effects of the scenarios (Safer Environment, Improved Childhood Nutrition and Vaccination, and Improved Behavioural and Metabolic Risks scenarios) demonstrated an important decrease in the global burden of DALYs in 2050 of 15·4% (13·5–17·5) compared with the reference scenario, with decreases across super-regions ranging from 10·4% (9·7–11·3) in the high-income super-region to 23·9% (20·7–27·3) in north Africa and the Middle East. The Safer Environment scenario had its largest decrease in sub-Saharan Africa (5·2% [3·5–6·8]), the Improved Behavioural and Metabolic Risks scenario in north Africa and the Middle East (23·2% [20·2–26·5]), and the Improved Nutrition and Vaccination scenario in sub-Saharan Africa (2·0% [–0·6 to 3·6]). Interpretation: Globally, life expectancy and age-standardised disease burden were forecasted to improve between 2022 and 2050, with the majority of the burden continuing to shift from CMNNs to NCDs. That said, continued progress on reducing the CMNN disease burden will be dependent on maintaining investment in and policy emphasis on CMNN disease prevention and treatment. Mostly due to growth and ageing of populations, the number of deaths and DALYs due to all causes combined will generally increase. By constructing alternative future scenarios wherein certain risk exposures are eliminated by 2050, we have shown that opportunities exist to substantially improve health outcomes in the future through concerted efforts to prevent exposure to well established risk factors and to expand access to key health interventions