Operacions bàsiques al laboratori químic en xarxa : una nova eina per a estudiants i professors

Un conjunt de professors de les facultats de Química i Farmàcia de la Universitat de Barcelona hem elaborat un material docent en suport electrònic, d'accés lliure a la xarxa, que descriu el procediment pràctic de diverses operacions bàsiques de treball al laboratori químic. L'objectiu principal és crear un material docent que serveixi de suport a l'aprenentatge dels estudiants i a la tasca docent del professorat involucrat en l'ensenyament del treball pràctic en l'etapa d'inici dels estudis universitaris.A group of lecturers from the Chemistry and Pharmacy faculties at the University of Barcelona has prepared an electronically supported teaching material, of free access on-line, which shows the procedure for several basic chemical laboratory techniques. The main goal of the project was to offer an electronic aid for the student’s learning as well as for the lecturers involved in the teaching process, both at the high school and the graduate levels

Una España que envejece

257 p

Modelado tridimensional de la combustión de gases con turbulencia Large Eddy Simulation

[ESP] La mecánica de fluidos computacional permite la resolución numérica de problemas cada vez más complejos. En el presente trabajo se presenta un ejemplo de aplicación de esta técnica mediante el modelado de una cámara de combustión de gases en el que se incluye turbulencia “Large Eddy Simulation” y modelo de radiación “Finite Volume Discrete Ordinates Model” (fvDOM) mediante la herramienta de código abierto OpenFOAM. [ENG] Computational Fluid Dynamics achieves numerical resolutions of more and more complex problems. In this work it is presented an application of this branch, which consists of modelling a gas combustion chamber including “Large Eddy Simulation” and “Finite Volume Discrete Ordinates Model” (fvDOM) as turbulence and radiation models. For this purpose, the open-source CFD toolbox OpenFOAM has been used.Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica (ETSIA), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial (ETSII), Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura y Edificación (ETSAE), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos y de Ingeniería de Minas (ETSICCPIM), Facultad de Ciencias de la Empresa (FCCE), Parque Tecnológico de Fuente Álamo (PTFA), Vicerrectorado de Estudiantes y Extensión de la UPCT, Vicerrectorado de Investigación e Innovación de la UPCT, y Vicerrectorado de Internacionalización y Cooperación al Desarrollo de la UPCT

The Caldera. No. 16

Cuando hablamos de paz, generalmente asociamos el vocablo con adjetivos, momentos, experiencias que nos produzcan un estado de relajación, de calma, de quietud; es decir, la zozobra, la inquietud e incluso, el debate, serían antónimos de paz: Este año nuestra querida Institución Educativa se ha propuesto marcar la pauta en este tema; por tal razón, se ha implementado, dentro de los diferentes espacios pedagógicos que disfrutan nuestros educandos, la “CÁTEDRA DE LA PAZ”, como una alternativa viable, que les permita a nuestros estudiantes, desde los primeros años de preescolar, hasta los últimos de bachillerato, lograr acercamientos a distintas situaciones cotidianas, que hacen parte de nuestra condición humana y permanente de seres comunicativos y sociales; por tanto, las aulas de clase, los distintos escenarios en los que nos movemos deben convertirse en espacios en los que se deben llegar a establecer acuerdos que nos permitan ambientes, de estudio, de trabajo, de recreación, aún más agradables y cordiales.Biografías: Steve Jobs, John Lennon; Por: Javier Felipe Molina Salazar e Isabella Polo García…04 II Concurso Intercolegiado de Oratoria “Literatura y paz” “El arte de leer”; Por: Mariana Alejandra Galvis M. …08 Deporte en el Instituto Caldas Instituto Caldas: Subcampeón Departamental de Baloncesto…10 El pequeño gran ajedrecista; Por: Sebastián Felipe Blanco…11 Escritores memorables, Kafka; Por: Daniel José Galvis Jaimes…12 Proyectos Pedagógicos (Preescolar); Por: Slendy Pinzón González…15 Talentos caldistas…16 Reloj Solar 2014…20 Expresiones caldistas…22 Galería de Imágenes…29When we speak of peace, we generally associate the word with adjectives, moments, experiences that produce us a state of relaxation, calm, and stillness; that is to say, anxiety, concern and even debate, would be antonyms for peace: This year our beloved Educational Institution has proposed to set the standard on this issue; For this reason, the "CHAIR OF PEACE" has been implemented within the different pedagogical spaces that our students enjoy, as a viable alternative that allows our students, from the first years of preschool, to the last years of high school, achieve approaches to different daily situations, which are part of our human and permanent condition of communicative and social beings; therefore, the classrooms, the different settings in which we move, must become spaces in which agreements must be reached that allow us environments, study, work, recreation, even more pleasant and cordial

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

XVI International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Techno-scientific considerations for a post-pandemic world intensive in knowledge, innovation and sustainable local development"

Este título, sugestivo por los impactos durante la situación de la Covid 19 en el mundo, y que en Colombia lastimosamente han sido muy críticos, permiten asumir la obligada superación de tensiones sociales, políticas, y económicas; pero sobre todo científicas y tecnológicas. Inicialmente, esto supone la existencia de una capacidad de la sociedad colombiana por recuperar su estado inicial después de que haya cesado la perturbación a la que fue sometida por la catastrófica pandemia, y superar ese anterior estado de cosas ya que se encontraban -y aún se encuentran- muchos problemas locales mal resueltos, medianamente resueltos, y muchos sin resolver: es decir, habrá que rediseñar y fortalecer una probada resiliencia social existente - producto del prolongado conflicto social colombiano superado parcialmente por un proceso de paz exitoso - desde la tecnociencia local; como lo indicaba Markus Brunnermeier - economista alemán y catedrático de economía de la Universidad de Princeton- en su libro The Resilient Society…La cuestión no es preveerlo todo sino poder reaccionar…aprender a recuperarse rápido.This title, suggestive of the impacts during the Covid 19 situation in the world, and which have unfortunately been very critical in Colombia, allows us to assume the obligatory overcoming of social, political, and economic tensions; but above all scientific and technological. Initially, this supposes the existence of a capacity of Colombian society to recover its initial state after the disturbance to which it was subjected by the catastrophic pandemic has ceased, and to overcome that previous state of affairs since it was found -and still is find - many local problems poorly resolved, moderately resolved, and many unresolved: that is, an existing social resilience test will have to be redesigned and strengthened - product of the prolonged Colombian social conflict partially overcome by a successful peace process - from local technoscience; As Markus Brunnermeier - German economist and professor of economics at Princeton University - indicates in his book The Resilient Society...The question is not to foresee everything but to be able to react...learn to recover quickly.Bogot

Mathematical Modelling of Turbulent Combustion of Two-Phase Mixtures of Gas and Solid Particles with a Eulerian–Eulerian Approach: The Case of Hydrogen Combustion in the Presence of Graphite Particles

International audienceThe numerical modelling of turbulent combustion of H2–air mixtures with solid graphite particles is a challenging and key issue in many industrial problems including nuclear safety. This study presents a Eulerian–Eulerian model based on the resolution of the Navier–Stokes equations via large eddy simulation (LES) coupled with a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) of the detailed chemical kinetics to simulate the combustion of mixtures of gases and particles. The model was applied to predict the transient evolution of turbulent combustion sequences of mixtures of hydrogen, air and graphite particles under low concentration conditions. When applied to simulate lab-scale combustion experiments, the results showed a good agreement between experimental and numerical data using a detailed chemical kinetic model. Moreover, the model was able to predict some key experimental tendencies and revealed that the presence of a low concentration of graphite particles (~96 g/m3) in the scenario influenced the hydrogen combustion dynamics for mixtures of 20% (in volume) of hydrogen in air. Under these conditions, pressure levels reached at the walls of the sphere were increased and the combustion time was shortened. The results also showed the viability of using this kind of a model for obtaining global combustion parameters such as wall pressure evolution with time

Evaluation of different models for turbulent combustion of hydrogen-air mixtures. Large Eddy Simulation of a LOVA sequence with hydrogen deflagration in ITER Vacuum Vessel

International audienceThe modelling of premixed combustion in the presence of a turbulent field in three-dimensional (3-D) confined scenarios was studied in this work, and applied to hydrogen combustion within ITER vacuum vessel (VV). Two different combustion approaches were tested with Large Eddy Simulation: a Flamelet Progress Variable (LES-FPV) and a Thickened Flame Model (LES-TFM). For the case of LES-TFM modelling, Dynamic Adaptive Chemistry (DAC) with a detailed kinetic mechanism for hydrogen combustion and in-situ adaptive tabulation (ISAT) methods were employed. Moreover, an adaptive meshing technique was used with the aim of tracking the flame front to ensure an adequate spatial resolution in this region. Experimental validation was performed to assess the ability of the different studied approaches to predict the flame burning speed, flame acceleration, and pressure evolution for lean H2-Air volume percent mixtures from 16 to 28 % propagating within a turbulent field. Results revealed that both approaches led to accurate predictions in terms of flame burning speed. When considering DAC and ISAT methods with detailed chemistry, LES-TFM model was found to be a cost-efficient solution. This model was used to analyse two loss of vacuum accident (LOVA) sequences within ITER VV. Results showed that turbulence might increase the flame burning speed by a factor of up to 3.5 for the case of big breaches (0.15 m2) but it would not affect in case of breaches of 0.02 m2. Besides, results showed that autoignition with 2 kg of H2 within the VV at 13.35 kPa might degenerate in detonation with average wall pressure levels ∼70 kPa