Impacto de los programas de apoyo económico a jóvenes ninis en México en las nuevas generaciones: Impacto dos programas de apoio econômico para jovens Ninis no México sobre as novas gerações

En los últimos años, y en todos los estados de la república mexicana, se ha ido incrementando la preocupación por la situación de los jóvenes que ni se encuentran insertos en el sistema educativo ni se han integrado al mercado laboral (los llamados “NiNis”). El crecimiento de dicha preocupación podría considerarse sorpresivo. Se considera como “ninis” también a los jóvenes que se encuentran en alguna actividad educativa que no es formal o a quienes cursan alguna actividad educativa de muy corta duración. El motivo por el cual se realizó esta investigación fue debido a la intriga que surgió al ver el incremento de jóvenes adolescentes no seguían con su formación académica, influenciados por apoyos económicos otorgados por el gobierno sin necesidad de algún cumplimiento académico y/o laboral, al contrario, se les beneficia al hacer nada. Motivándolos a continuar con sus tiempos de ocio y seguir invirtiendo ello. Es por ello que, se realizó un cuestionario de 22 preguntas de opción múltiple y selección realizado en la plataforma Google Forms, para indagar más respecto a las perspectivas que tienen dichos jóvenes respecto a su tiempo de ocio y si están dispuestos a pausar su formación académica y no conseguir un empleo para dedicar más tiempo a su ocio y/o apoyarse de dicho programa otorgado por el Gobierno de México. Dicho cuestionario se aplicó a 88 jóvenes en un rango de edad de 16 años a 21 años, por medio de este cuestionario se obtuvo información del porcentaje de jóvenes quienes están interesados a unirse a este grupo denominado NiNis y cuántos de ellos piensan de un programa: Jóvenes Construyendo el Futuro, dicho programa se encarga de brindar apoyo económico y capacitación laboral a jóvenes entre 18 y 29 años de edad, quienes por ciertas circunstancias, no están trabajando ni cursando ningún nivel académico, el cual puede ser beneficiario para cierta población juvenil, debido a no poder continuar con sus obligaciones por discapacidad, invalidez, falta de recursos económicos, no poder adentrarse al mundo laboral por desigualdad, etc., pero también, puede ser una salida fácil para algunos jóvenes que prefieren obtener dinero sin necesidad de esforzarse ni salir adelante. Según la OCDE, en México, 2 de cada 10 jóvenes (20.9%) entre 14 y 28 años no se encuentran cursando ningún nivel educativo y tampoco están activos en alguna actividad económica

Repercusiones psicosociales en niñez con madres y padres migrantes de la escuela Monseñor Oscar Arnulfo Romero del distrito III del municipio de Estelí

La migración de un integrante de la familia trae consigo modificaciones en la estructura y la dinámica familiar, así como en la intensidad y variabilidad de los vínculos afectivos que se desarrollan. Ante este tipo de situación es común que los niños y niñas sientan miedo, ansiedad, ira, negación, entre otros. Por lo que la presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal valorar la repercusión de la migración de padres y madres en las emociones manifestadas por la niñez de las edades de 10 a 12 años de la escuela Oscar Arnulfo Romero del municipio de Estelí, departamento del mismo nombre, mediante un estudio realizado a través de entrevistas a profundidad y un taller dirigido a 33 niños y niñas de 5to grado. El enfoque de la investigación es cualitativo ya que tiene como objetivo valorar la repercusión psicosocial de la migración de madres y padres en las emociones manifestadas por la niñez ya que esto permitirá identificar los factores de riesgo y factores protectores que desarrollan los niños y niñas. Los resultados obtenidos mediante la aplicación de los instrumentos predispuestos para identificar los factores protectores y factores de riesgo tienen mayor énfasis en el fortalecimiento familiar. Por lo que al finalizar el estudio se llegó a la conclusión que los factores de riesgo y factores protectores dependen del entorno en el que crecen y se desarrollan los niños y niñas siendo una base fundamental que muchas veces define su comportamiento en la familia, escuela y comunidad, por otro lado, existen diferentes tipos de familia como lo son, las familias trasnacionales son una realidad cada vez más común en un mundo globalizado y conectado, aunque pueden presentar desafíos y tenciones, estas familias también pueden ser un ejemplo de resiliencia, adaptación y solidaridad a través de las fronteras nacionales

Mértola entre la Edad del Hierro y la Romanización: nuevos datos a partir de las excavaciones de la Biblioteca Municipal

Presentamos un avance de los resultados de un proyecto en curso sobre la ocupación de Mértola en un momento de transición clave para entender el devenir histórico de la ciudad, como son los últimos siglos de la Edad del Hierro y el inicio de la romanización. Se trata de un periodo poco representado en el registro arqueológico conocido y musealizado, si bien se conocía desde hace años a través de materiales residuales procedentes de niveles posteriores, como el periodo altoimperial, tardoantiguo o medieval islámico. No obstante, las excavaciones realizadas a mediados de la pasada década en el solar de la Biblioteca Municipal han permitido documentar contextos primarios de finales de la Edad del Hierro y potentes depósitos de vertidos extramuros correspondientes a los primeros momentos de la presencia romana. Las evidencias proporcionadas ofrecen la oportunidad de estudiar en profundidad esta fase tan poco conocida de la antigua Myrtilis y conocer la dinámica comercial de su importante puerto.Apresentamos os resultados preliminares de um projecto em curso sobre a ocupação de Mértola num momento de transição fundamental para entender o devir histórico da cidade nos últimos séculos da Idade do Ferro e o início da romanização. Trata-se de um período pouco representado no registo arqueológico conhecido e musealizado, apesar de ter vindo a ser identificado entre os materiais residuais provenientes de níveis posteriores, nomeadamente dos períodos alto-imperial, tardo-antigo ou medieval islâmico. Não obstante, as escavações realizadas em meados da década passada na área de expansão da Biblioteca Municipal de Mértola permitiram documentar contextos primários datáveis do fim da Idade do Ferro e potentes depósitos de despejo extramuros correspondentes aos primeiros momentos da presença romana. As evidências proporcionadas constituem uma oportunidade para estudar em profundidade esta fase tão pouco conhecida da antiga Myrtilis e conhecer a dinâmica comercial do seu importante porto.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Gaya Desain Kolonial Belanda Dan Cina Pada Interior Hotel Ganefo Surabaya

Ganefo Hotel was originally a residence of an ex- lieutenant of China who was assigned by the Dutch to oversee the activities of the local population. Although at this time the building has functioned as a hotel, the styles of Dutch Colonial and Chinese are applied to the building is still maintained until now. The combination of styles in this hotel makes it an interesting object to be researched. This study aims to analyze the Dutch Colonial and Chinese styles which still exist in this building. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative method. The result demonstrates the application of Dutch Colonial design styles and China on the interior Ganefo Hotel Surabaya which is seen on the building orientation, layout, organization of space, space-forming elements, transition elements, furniture, and decorative elements

Highly sensitive MLH1 methylation analysis in blood identifies a cancer patient with low-level mosaic MLH1 epimutation

Constitutional MLH1 methylation (epimutation) is a rare cause of Lynch syndrome. Low-level methylation (<= 10%) has occasionally been described. This study aimed to identify low-level constitutional MLH1 epimutations and determine its causal role in patients with MLH1-hypermethylated colorectal cancer. Eighteen patients with MLH1-hypermethylated colorectal tumors in whom MLH1 methylation was previously undetected in blood by methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) were screened for MLH1 methylation using highly sensitive MS-melting curve analysis (MS-MCA). Constitutional methylation was characterized by different approaches. MS-MCA identified one patient (5.6%) with low-level MLH1 methylation ( 1%) in blood and other normal tissues, which was confirmed by clonal bisulfite sequencing in blood. The patient had developed three clonally related gastrointestinal MLH1-methylated tumor lesions at 22, 24, and 25 years of age. The methylated region in normal tissues overlapped with that reported for other carriers of constitutional MLH1 epimutations. Low-level MLH1 methylation and reduced allelic expression were linked to the same genetic haplotype, whereas the opposite allele was lost in patient's tumors. Mutation screening of MLH1 and other hereditary cancer genes was negative. Herein, a highly sensitive MS-MCA-based approach has demonstrated its utility for the identification of low-level constitutional MLH1 epigenetic mosaicism. The eventual identification and characterization of additional cases will be critical to ascertain the cancer risks associated with constitutional MLH1 epigenetic mosaicism

Efficacy of Albumin Treatment for Patients with Cirrhosis and Infections Unrelated to Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

Background & aims: We performed a randomized trial to determine whether albumin should be administered to patients with infections unrelated to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Methods: We performed a multicenter, open-label trial in which 118 patients with cirrhosis, non-SBP infections, and additional risk factors for poor outcome were randomly assigned to receive antibiotics plus albumin (study group; n = 61) or antibiotics alone (control group; n = 57). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality; secondary outcomes were effect of albumin on disease course. Results: There were no significant differences at baseline between groups in results from standard laboratory tests, serum markers of inflammation, circulatory dysfunction, or liver severity scores. However, the combined prevalence of acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) and kidney dysfunction was significantly higher in the study group (44.3% vs 24.6% in the control group; P = .02), indicating greater baseline overall severity. There was no significant difference in the primary outcome between groups (13.1% in the study group vs 10.5% in the control group; P = .66). Circulatory and renal functions improved in only the study group. A significantly higher proportion of patients in the study group had resolution of ACLF (82.3% vs 33.3% in the control group; P = .03). A significantly lower proportion of patients in the study group developed nosocomial infections (6.6% vs 24.6% in the control group; P = .007). Conclusions: In a randomized trial of patients with advanced cirrhosis and non-SBP infections, in-hospital mortality was similar between those who received albumin plus antibiotics vs those who received only antibiotics (controls). However, patients given albumin were sicker at baseline and, during the follow-up period, a higher proportion had ACLF resolution and a lower proportion had nosocomial infections. ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT02034279

Investigación joven con perspectiva de género III

Actas del III Congreso Internacional de Estudios de Género, Perspectivas y Retos de Futuro: Jóvenes Investigadores (Getafe, 13 - 15 de junio de 2018) organizado por el Instituto Universitario de Estudios de Género de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Regulatory sites for splicing in human basal ganglia are enriched for disease-relevant information

Genome-wide association studies have generated an increasing number of common genetic variants associated with neurological and psychiatric disease risk. An improved understanding of the genetic control of gene expression in human brain is vital considering this is the likely modus operandum for many causal variants. However, human brain sampling complexities limit the explanatory power of brain-related expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and allele-specific expression (ASE) signals. We address this, using paired genomic and transcriptomic data from putamen and substantia nigra from 117 human brains, interrogating regulation at different RNA processing stages and uncovering novel transcripts. We identify disease-relevant regulatory loci, find that splicing eQTLs are enriched for regulatory information of neuron-specific genes, that ASEs provide cell-specific regulatory information with evidence for cellular specificity, and that incomplete annotation of the brain transcriptome limits interpretation of risk loci for neuropsychiatric disease. This resource of regulatory data is accessible through our web server, http://braineacv2.inf.um.es/

Identification of novel risk loci, causal insights, and heritable risk for Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies

Background Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in Parkinson's disease have increased the scope of biological knowledge about the disease over the past decade. We aimed to use the largest aggregate of GWAS data to identify novel risk loci and gain further insight into the causes of Parkinson's disease. Methods We did a meta-analysis of 17 datasets from Parkinson's disease GWAS available from European ancestry samples to nominate novel loci for disease risk. These datasets incorporated all available data. We then used these data to estimate heritable risk and develop predictive models of this heritability. We also used large gene expression and methylation resources to examine possible functional consequences as well as tissue, cell type, and biological pathway enrichments for the identified risk factors. Additionally, we examined shared genetic risk between Parkinson's disease and other phenotypes of interest via genetic correlations followed by Mendelian randomisation. Findings Between Oct 1, 2017, and Aug 9, 2018, we analysed 7·8 million single nucleotide polymorphisms in 37 688 cases, 18 618 UK Biobank proxy-cases (ie, individuals who do not have Parkinson's disease but have a first degree relative that does), and 1·4 million controls. We identified 90 independent genome-wide significant risk signals across 78 genomic regions, including 38 novel independent risk signals in 37 loci. These 90 variants explained 16–36% of the heritable risk of Parkinson's disease depending on prevalence. Integrating methylation and expression data within a Mendelian randomisation framework identified putatively associated genes at 70 risk signals underlying GWAS loci for follow-up functional studies. Tissue-specific expression enrichment analyses suggested Parkinson's disease loci were heavily brain-enriched, with specific neuronal cell types being implicated from single cell data. We found significant genetic correlations with brain volumes (false discovery rate-adjusted p=0·0035 for intracranial volume, p=0·024 for putamen volume), smoking status (p=0·024), and educational attainment (p=0·038). Mendelian randomisation between cognitive performance and Parkinson's disease risk showed a robust association (p=8·00 × 10−7). Interpretation These data provide the most comprehensive survey of genetic risk within Parkinson's disease to date, to the best of our knowledge, by revealing many additional Parkinson's disease risk loci, providing a biological context for these risk factors, and showing that a considerable genetic component of this disease remains unidentified. These associations derived from European ancestry datasets will need to be followed-up with more diverse data. Funding The National Institute on Aging at the National Institutes of Health (USA), The Michael J Fox Foundation, and The Parkinson's Foundation (see appendix for full list of funding sources)