Element geochemistry of Cherokee Group coals (Middle Pennsylanian) from south-central and southeastern Iowa

Middle Pennsylvanian Cherokee Group coals from south-central and southeastern Iowa are typical high-sulfur, high-ash coals. These coals have an arithmetic mean sulfur content of 5.8 percent and a mean ash content of 15.9 percent. Apparent rank for most samples is high-volatile C bituminous coal. The relatively high contents of sulfur and 23 other elements in Iowa Cherokee Group coals are related to near neutral pH conditions (6-8) in the depositional and early diagenetic environments, and to post-depositional epigenetic sphalerite/calcite/pyrite/ kaolinite/barite mineralization. Changes from an aluminosilicate- to a sulfide-element association for U, Mo, Cr, and V, and an increase in element content for U, Mo, Cr, V, Na, Mg, and K in stratigraphically higher coals are thought to be related to differences in depositional environments of the coal-associated rocks, which change from predominantly terrestrial in the Lower Cherokee Group, to predominantly marine in the upper part of the Upper Cherokee Group. Coals overlain by marine, phosphatic, black shale lithologies have the highest content of U, Mo, Ag, Sb, Se, and V

Near-field interactions between metal nanoparticle surface plasmons and molecular excitons in thin-films: part I: absorption

In this and the following paper (parts I and II, respectively), we systematically study the interactions between surface plasmons of metal nanoparticles (NPs) with excitons in thin-films of organic media. In an effort to exclusively probe near-field interactions, we utilize spherical Ag NPs in a size-regime where far-field light scattering is negligibly small compared to absorption. In part I, we discuss the effect of the presence of these Ag NPs on the absorption of the embedding medium by means of experiment, numerical simulations, and analytical calculations, all shown to be in good agreement. We observe absorption enhancement in the embedding medium due to the Ag NPs with a strong dependence on the medium permittivity, the spectral position relative to the surface plasmon resonance frequency, and the thickness of the organic layer. By introducing a low index spacer layer between the NPs and the organic medium, this absorption enhancement is experimentally confirmed to be a near field effect In part II, we probe the impact of the Ag NPs on the emission of organic molecules by time-resolved and steady-state photoluminescence measurements

Stratigraphy of the Cherokee Group and revision of Pennsylvanian stratigraphic nomenclature in Iowa

https://ir.uiowa.edu/igs_tis/1011/thumbnail.jp

Availability and quality of water from the alluvial, glacial-drift, and Dakota aquifers and water use in southwest Iowa /

Shipping list no.: 92-0398-P.Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-41).Mode of access: Internet

Impacts environnemental et sanitaire des isotopes du plutonium étude bibliographique et quantification: Rapport dédié à Charles MADIC

Ce document, qui concerne les différents isotopes du plutonium, présente les principauxparamètres à prendre en compte lors d'une étude d'impact, propose une hiérarchisation de ces paramètreset fournit des valeurs représentatives de ces paramètres permettant une approche du comportement duplutonium dans les installations, l'homme et l'environnement, par la modélisation. Une première partieprésente les caractéristiques des isotopes du plutonium ainsi que ses origines. EIle décrit les propriétésphysiques et chimiques du plutonium nécessaires à la bonne compréhension de son comportement, tant àl'intérieur des installations que dans l'environnement. Puis sont décrits les termes sources dans lesinstallations et les quantités mesurées dans l'environnement, en fonctionnement normal et en situationaccidentelle. La partie suivante correspond à l’étude des paramètres de transfert du plutonium dans lesinstallations et dans l’environnement. On examine notamment les paramètres influençant soncomportement dans les installations (forme physico-chimique et événement contribuant à son émission àl'environnement), ainsi que les paramètres influençant son dépôt sur le sol et son transfert aux plantes etaux animaux. Le comportement du plutonium est ensuite décrit après qu'il ait été incorporé par l'homme.Un chapitre est ensuite dédié à l’étude de l’impact dosimétrique d’une source unitaire de chaque isotope,pour différentes conditions météorologiques et situe les rejets vis-à-vis des niveaux d'intervention prévusen situation d'urgence radiologique. Les conséquences de rejet de composition "réaliste" sont égalementprésentées. Un dernier chapitre traite des effets sur la santé. La conclusion fournit en quelques pages lesenseignements essentiels à connaître

Breast Cancer Risk and 6q22.33: Combined Results from Breast Cancer Association Consortium and Consortium of Investigators on Modifiers of BRCA1/2

Recently, a locus on chromosome 6q22.33 (rs2180341) was reported to be associated with increased breast cancer risk in the Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population, and this association was also observed in populations of non-AJ European ancestry. In the present study, we performed a large replication analysis of rs2180341 using data from 31,428 invasive breast cancer cases and 34,700 controls collected from 25 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). In addition, we evaluated whether rs2180341 modifies breast cancer risk in 3,361 BRCA1 and 2,020 BRCA2 carriers from 11 centers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Based on the BCAC data from women of European ancestry, we found evidence for a weak association with breast cancer risk for rs2180341 (per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06, p = 0.023). There was evidence for heterogeneity in the ORs among studies (I-2 = 49.3%; p

Ezetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes

BACKGROUND: Statin therapy reduces low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and the risk of cardiovascular events, but whether the addition of ezetimibe, a nonstatin drug that reduces intestinal cholesterol absorption, can reduce the rate of cardiovascular events further is not known. METHODS: We conducted a double-blind, randomized trial involving 18,144 patients who had been hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome within the preceding 10 days and had LDL cholesterol levels of 50 to 100 mg per deciliter (1.3 to 2.6 mmol per liter) if they were receiving lipid-lowering therapy or 50 to 125 mg per deciliter (1.3 to 3.2 mmol per liter) if they were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy. The combination of simvastatin (40 mg) and ezetimibe (10 mg) (simvastatin-ezetimibe) was compared with simvastatin (40 mg) and placebo (simvastatin monotherapy). The primary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina requiring rehospitalization, coronary revascularization ( 6530 days after randomization), or nonfatal stroke. The median follow-up was 6 years. RESULTS: The median time-weighted average LDL cholesterol level during the study was 53.7 mg per deciliter (1.4 mmol per liter) in the simvastatin-ezetimibe group, as compared with 69.5 mg per deciliter (1.8 mmol per liter) in the simvastatin-monotherapy group (P<0.001). The Kaplan-Meier event rate for the primary end point at 7 years was 32.7% in the simvastatin-ezetimibe group, as compared with 34.7% in the simvastatin-monotherapy group (absolute risk difference, 2.0 percentage points; hazard ratio, 0.936; 95% confidence interval, 0.89 to 0.99; P = 0.016). Rates of pre-specified muscle, gallbladder, and hepatic adverse effects and cancer were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: When added to statin therapy, ezetimibe resulted in incremental lowering of LDL cholesterol levels and improved cardiovascular outcomes. Moreover, lowering LDL cholesterol to levels below previous targets provided additional benefit

Association between SNP rs2180341 and breast cancer risk by estrogen receptor (ER) status among cases and controls of European ancestry, Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC).

<p>Association between SNP rs2180341 and breast cancer risk by estrogen receptor (ER) status among cases and controls of European ancestry, Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC).</p

Study-adjusted association between SNP rs2180341 and breast cancer risk by age among cases and controls of European ancestry, Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC).

<p>Study-adjusted association between SNP rs2180341 and breast cancer risk by age among cases and controls of European ancestry, Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC).</p