Retos penitenciarios al final del s. XX

Acto de Apertura .[ES] La cárcel es la gran olvidada de la sociedad de bienestar, la prisión no sólo no rehabilita sino que aniquila a la persona. En consecuencia, son muchos los retos que se plantean en el ámbito penitenciario, como conseguir un Código penal igualitario que comience defendiendo los derechos de los más débiles o superar los problemas que se presentan en el seguimiento judicial de la sentencia. Así, podrían desarrollarse algunas alternativas a la prisión: el cumplimiento en centros terapéuticos, la mediación, la asistencia a la comunidad como “restitución”, el cumplimiento alternativo y la libertad “a prueba”.[EU] Ongizarteko gizartean dagoen gauzarik ahaztuena gartzela da, gartzelak ez lehengoratzeaz gain pertsona deusezten du. Horren ondorioz, baitegi inguruan helburu asko planteatzen dira, adibidez ahulenen eskubideak defendatzen dituen Kode penal berri bat nola lortu, edo epaiaren jarraipen judiziala egiterakoan sortzen diren arazoei aurre nola egin. Hau hala izanik, gartzelari beste irtenbide batzuk garatu beharrean aurkitzen gara: zigorrak osa-bide zentruetan betetzea, bitartekotasuna, itzulera moduan komunitateari laguntzea, beste alternatibak eta probapeko askatasuna.[FR] La prison est la grande oubliée de la société du bien-être, elle ne sert pas à réhabiliter mais plutôt à annihiler la personne. Par conséquence, on trouve plusieurs défis posés à l’environnement pénitentiaire, tels que celui d’obtenir un code pénal égalitaire qui puisse défendre les droits du plus faible ou surmonter les problèmes présentés dans la poursuite judiciaire de la sentence. Certaines alternatives pourraient être developpées à l’intérieur de la prison: l’execution dans les centres thérapeutiques, la médiation, l’assistance à la communauté comme “restitution”, l’exécution alternative et la liberté sous condition.[EN] The jail is the great one forgotten of the wellfare’s society. The prison doesn’t rehabilitate, and on top wipes out people. In consequence, there are many raised challenges in the penitentiary environment, for exemple how to obtain an equalitarian penal Code, that defends the rihgts of the weakest, or how to overcome the problems that are presents at the judicial pursuit of the sentence. This way, some alternatives to prison could be developed: the execution in terapeutic centers, the mediation, the attendance to the community like “restitution”, the alternative execution and the proving freedom

El proceso de inadaptación social en el adolescente

Tésis Univ. Complutense de Madrid.Universidad Complutense de MadridTRUEProQuestpu

El proceso de inadaptación social en el adolescente

Tésis Univ. Complutense de Madrid.Universidad Complutense de MadridTRUEProQuestpu

Más allá de las emociones. Programa de intervención en inteligencia emocional en adolescentes

La adolescencia es una etapa evolutiva compleja, dado que se generan desarrollos personales muy significativos, tales como el desarrollo metacognitivo y el desarrollo de la identidad. Por ello, se trata de una etapa de riesgo para desarrollar posibles problemas psicológicos, concretamente, emocionales. “Más allá de las emociones” es un programa de intervención emocional cuya población diana son los adolescentes de entre 12 a 14 años. El objetivo de este programa es ofrecerles estrategias emocionales que les permita alcanzar un bienestar psicológico y social adecuado, prevenir problemas psicológicos y mejorar su calidad de vida. El programa está compuesto por 10 sesiones, con una periodicidad semanal durante un periodo de 3 meses, y será planteado a 8 centros educativos de la provincia de Alicante. Para evaluar su eficacia se realizará una evaluación pre y post compuesta por 4 cuestionarios psicológicos orientados en los procesos emocionales

Alcohol and Other Drugs Prevention Programme with Secondary School Students in the Therapeutic and Educational Unit at Villabona Prison

El consum de substàncies tòxiques per part dels joves és un fenomen social molt present. Des de l’administració pública i també des d’entitats socials i del tercer sector es duen a terme diversitat de campanyes i iniciatives orientades a la prevenció d’aquests consums amb orientacions i objectius diversos. En aquest article presentem una programa de prevenció que es desenvolupa a la Unitat Terapèutica i Educativa del Centre Penitenciari de Villabona, en el qual participen les persones internes, els professionals de la unitat i estudiants de centres d’educació secundària d’Astúries. La seva principal eina de conscienciació i de prevenció és la història de vida narrada en primera persona pels mateixos interns, centrada en la seva història de consum i en les conseqüències personals, de salut, relacionals i socials. A través d’aquestes experiències els joves s’apropen a la realitat més dura del consum de drogues i tenen l’oportunitat de valorar-ne les conseqüències.El consumo de sustancias toxicas por parte de los jóvenes es un fenómeno social muy presente. Desde la administración pública y también desde entidades sociales y del tercer sector se llevan a cabo diversidad de campañas e iniciativas orientadas a la prevención de estos consumos con orientaciones y objetivos diversos. En este artículo presentamos un programa de prevención que se desarrolla en la Unidad Terapéutica y Educativa del Centro Penitenciario de Villabona, en el que participan las personas internas, los profesionales de la unidad y estudiantes de centros de educación secundaria de Asturias. Su principal herramienta de concienciación y de prevención es la historia de vida narrada en primera persona por los propios internos, centrada en su historia de consumo y en las consecuencias personales, de salud, relaciones y sociales. A través de estas experiencias los jóvenes se acercan a la realidad más dura del consumo de drogas y tienen la oportunidad de valorar sus posibles consecuencias.The consumption of toxic substances by young people is a very widespread social phenomenon. The public authorities and social organizations and the third sector are conducting a variety of campaigns and initiatives aimed at preventing this consumption with a range of guidelines and objectives. In this paper we present a prevention programme developed in the Therapeutic and Educational Unit at Villabona prison, which involved prisoners, unit staff and students from secondary schools in Asturias. The main instrument for fostering awareness and prevention is the life stories told in the first person by the inmates themselves, emphasizing their history of toxic substance consumption and the implications of this in terms of life chances, health, and personal and social relationships. By way of these experiences the young people are introduced to the harsh reality of drug use and have the opportunity to assess the possible consequences

Diseño de un modelo de gestión estratégico para el mejoramiento de la productividad y calidad

El objetivo de la presente investigación es el diseño de un modelo de gestión estratégico para el mejoramiento de la productividad y calidad en el Departamento de Ingeniería de la Empresa “Organización Técnica Comercial”. El desarrollo del modelo de gestión se aplicó debido a las falencias encontradas en los procesos, diagnosticando su situación inicial a través de encuestas a nivel estratégico, táctico, operativo y comercial. Se determinó los procesos internos en conflicto como son: atención al cliente, ventas, compras, capacitación y producción, los cuales han sido evaluados por medio de indicadores claves, planteando objetivos estratégicos, para ser interpretados en el cuadro de mando integral, bajo sus cuatro perspectivas: financiera, del cliente, de procesos internos, de aprendizaje y crecimiento. Se ha elaborado una matriz de indicadores a través del mapa de procesos con el fin de generar una ficha de control para la mejora de tiempos en la ejecución de obras, mientras que en el desarrollo del cuadro de mando integral se estableció estrategias que ayudarán al cumplimiento de objetivos, presentando un alza en los indicadores del 60% al 68%, con una eficiencia del 88% en los procesos, determinándose así que el modelo de gestión contribuye a la mejora de la productividad y calidad del Departamento de Ingeniería

Violencia filio-parental y empatía en adolescentes peruanos

The purpose of this study was to determine the concomitance of child-parent violence and adolescent empathy in the district of Imperial in the Province of Cañete, Lima, 2018. This was an investigation carried out under a basic quantitative method of descriptive comparative type with correlational scope and also under the design guidelines of a non-experimental design where the measurements took place at specific points in time (cross-sectional data). The sample consisted of 354 adolescents who were selected by an intentional non-probabilistic sampling. The were applied the Child-to-Parent Aggression Questionnaire (CPAQ) proposed by Calvete et al. (2013); the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (Spreng et al., 2009; cited by Nolasco, 2012) to measure empathy; and the Davis scale (1983), which assesses cognitive aspects of empathy. The relationship between variables was established by determining patterns of behaviour whose contents have marked behavioral traits in both the child-parent violence and the adolescent empathy, a thing that permitted the study to obtain a resultant of four different clusters that explain the relationship between the variables of studyEl estudio tuvo objetivo definir la concomitancia entre la violencia filio-parental y empatía en adolescentes del distrito de Imperial – Cañete, 2018. Fue una investigación desarrollada bajo el enfoque cuantitativo de tipo básico descriptivo - comparativo con alcance correlacional, bajo los lineamientos del diseño no experimental donde las mediciones se darán en un solo momento determinado de tiempo (corte transversal). La muestra estuvo conformada por 354 adolescentes seleccionados bajo un muestreo no probabilístico intencional, a quienes se les aplicó el Instrumento de medición de violencia filioparental que propone Calvete, Gámez, & Orue (2014) y para medir empatía, el Instrumento de medición de Empatía afectiva de Toronto (Spreng, McKinnon, Mar, & Levine, 2009) y escala de Davis (1983)que evalúa aspectos cognitivos de la empatía. La relación de variables fue determinada mediante la determinación de patrones de comportamiento cuyo contenido posee cargas conductuales tanto de la presencia de violencia filio parental y empatía en adolescentes, hallándose así, una resultante de cuatro clúster que explican la relación entre las variables del estudio

Substituição do grão de milho por precursores gliconeogênicos no desempenho produtivo de ovinos em adaptação

In order to evaluate the partial substitution of corn grain by the addition of calcium propionate and propylene glycol in diets for sheep adapting in growth performance, 32 female sheep were fed, a Dorper x Katahdin cross, with an initial live weight of 24.53 kg. , during a period of 15 days where a randomized complete block design was used. The treatments consisted of administering the combination of calcium propionate and propylene glycol (Glutec®) (0.1% inclusion), which according to the consumption of the animals was supplied: T1: control diet, without addition of calcium propionate and propylene glycol, T2 : experimental diet, added with calcium propionate and propylene glycol. The dry matter intake of the animals was recorded and they were weighed on days 1 and 15 to assess growth performance performance. Where it was observed that the inclusion of calcium propionate and propylene glycol did not present significant statistical differences in the productive parameters (Average daily gain, dry matter intake, feed conversion and gain:feed) (P>0.05). However, when performing the profitability analysis, a difference was found in the percentage benefit, where T1 (57.49%) > T2 (50.51%). It is concluded that the partial substitution of the corn grain by calcium propionate and propylene glycol does not modify the productive parameters (P>0.05), however, it is important to consider the percentage differences in the profitability of the treatments.Con el objetivo de evaluar la sustitución parcial del grano de maíz por la adición de propionato de calcio y propilenglicol en dietas para ovinos en adaptación en comportamiento productivo, se alimentaron 32 hembras ovinas, cruza Dorper x Katahdin, con un peso vivo inicial de 24,53 kg , durante un periodo de 15 días donde se desarrolló un diseño de bloques completos al azar. Los tratamientos consistieron en administrar la combinación de propionato de calcio y propilenglicol (Glutec ®) (inclusión de 0.1%), que de acuerdo con el consumo de los animales se suministró: T1: dieta control, sin adición propionato de calcio y propilenglicol, T2: dieta experimental, adicionada con propionato de calcio y propilenglicol. Se registró el consumo diario de alimento de los animales y se pesaron los días 1 y 15 para evaluar el comportamiento productivo. Donde se observó que la inclusión del propinato de calcio y el propilenglicol, no presentaron diferencias estadísticas significativas en los parámetros productivos (Ganancia diaria de peso, consumo de materia seca, conversión y eficiencia alimenticia) (P>0.05). Sin embargo, al realizar el análisis de rentabilidad se encontró diferencia en el beneficio porcentual, donde T1 (57.49%) > T2 (50.51%). Se concluye, que la sustitución parcial del grano de maíz por propionato de calcio y propilenglicol no modifica los parámetros productivos (P>0.05), sin embargo, es importante considerar las diferencias porcentuales en la rentabilidad de los tratamientos.Com o objetivo de avaliar a substituição parcial do grão de milho pela adição de propionato de cálcio e propilenoglicol em dietas para ovinos em adaptação ao comportamento produtivo, foram alimentadas 32 ovelhas, cruzadas Dorper x Katahdin, com peso vivo inicial de 24,53 kg. , durante um período de 15 dias onde foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso. Os tratamentos consistiram em administrar a combinação de propionato de cálcio e propilenoglicol (Glutec®) (0,1% de inclusão), que de acordo com o consumo dos animais foi fornecida: T1: dieta controle, sem adição de propionato de cálcio e propilenoglicol, T2: dieta experimental, adicionada de propionato de cálcio e propilenoglicol. O consumo diário de ração dos animais foi registrado e eles foram pesados nos dias 1 e 15 para avaliar o desempenho produtivo. Onde foi observado que a inclusão de propionato de cálcio e propilenoglicol não apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos parâmetros produtivos (Ganho de peso diário, consumo de matéria seca, conversão alimentar e eficiência) (P>0,05). Porém, ao realizar a análise de rentabilidade, foi encontrada uma diferença no benefício percentual, onde T1 (57,49%) > T2 (50,51%). Conclui-se que a substituição parcial do grão de milho por propionato de cálcio e propilenoglicol não altera os parâmetros produtivos (P>0,05), porém, é importante considerar as diferenças percentuais na rentabilidade dos tratamentos

Characterization of tomato Cycling Dof Factors reveals conserved and new functions in the control of flowering time and abiotic stress responses

[EN] DNA binding with One Finger (DOF) transcription factors are involved in multiple aspects of plant growth and development but their precise roles in abiotic stress tolerance are largely unknown. Here we report a group of five tomato DOF genes, homologous to Arabidopsis Cycling DOF Factors (CDFs), that function as transcriptional regulators involved in responses to drought and salt stress and flowering-time control in a gene-specific manner. SlCDF15 are nuclear proteins that display specific binding with different affinities to canonical DNA target sequences and present diverse transcriptional activation capacities in vivo. SlCDF15 genes exhibited distinct diurnal expression patterns and were differentially induced in response to osmotic, salt, heat, and low-temperature stresses. Arabidopsis plants overexpressing SlCDF1 or SlCDF3 showed increased drought and salt tolerance. In addition, the expression of various stress-responsive genes, such as COR15, RD29A, and RD10, were differentially activated in the overexpressing lines. Interestingly, overexpression in Arabidopsis of SlCDF3 but not SlCDF1 promotes late flowering through modulation of the expression of flowering control genes such as CO and FT. Overall, our data connect SlCDFs to undescribed functions related to abiotic stress tolerance and flowering time through the regulation of specific target genes and an increase in particular metabolites.This work was supported by grants from Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA; project numbers: 2009-0004-C01, 2012-0008-C01), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (project number: BIO2010-14871), and the MERIT Project (FP7 ITN2010-264474). ARC was supported by a pre-doctoral fellowship from the INIA. The authors would like to thank Mar Gonzalez and Victor Carrasco for technical assistance and Dr Pablo Gonzalez-Melendi for technical handling of the confocal microscope. We also thank Eugenio Grau for technical assistance with RT-PCR analyses.Corrales, A.; González Nebauer, S.; Carrillo, L.; Fernández Nohales, P.; Marques Signes, J.; Renau Morata, B.; Granell, A.... (2014). Characterization of tomato Cycling Dof Factors reveals conserved and new functions in the control of flowering time and abiotic stress responses. Journal of Experimental Botany. 65(4):995-1012. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert451S9951012654AbuQamar, S., Luo, H., Laluk, K., Mickelbart, M. V., & Mengiste, T. (2009). Crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress responses in tomato is mediated by theAIM1transcription factor. The Plant Journal, 58(2), 347-360. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2008.03783.xAlonso, R., Oñate-Sánchez, L., Weltmeier, F., Ehlert, A., Diaz, I., Dietrich, K., … Dröge-Laser, W. (2009). 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Base de datos de abejas ibéricas

Las abejas son un grupo extremadamente diverso con más de 1000 especies descritas en la península ibérica. Además, son excelentes polinizadores y aportan numerosos servicios ecosistémicos fundamentales para la mayoría de ecosistemas terrestres. Debido a los diversos cambios ambientales inducidos por el ser humano, existen evidencias del declive de algunas de sus poblaciones para ciertas especies. Sin embargo, conocemos muy poco del estado de conservación de la mayoría de especies y de muchas de ellas ignoramos cuál es su distribución en la península ibérica. En este trabajo presentamos un esfuerzo colaborativo para crear una base de datos de ocurrencias de abejas que abarca la península ibérica e islas Baleares que permitirá resolver cuestiones como la distribución de las diferentes especies, preferencia de hábitat, fenología o tendencias históricas. En su versión actual, esta base de datos contiene un total de 87 684 registros de 923 especies recolectados entre 1830 y 2022, de los cuales un 87% presentan información georreferenciada. Para cada registro se incluye información relativa a la localidad de muestreo (89%), identificador y colector de la especie (64%), fecha de captura (54%) y planta donde se recolectó (20%). Creemos que esta base de datos es el punto de partida para conocer y conservar mejor la biodiversidad de abejas en la península ibérica e Islas Baleares. Se puede acceder a estos datos a través del siguiente enlace permanente: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6354502ABSTRACT: Bees are a diverse group with more than 1000 species known from the Iberian Peninsula. They have increasingly received special attention due to their important role as pollinators and providers of ecosystem services. In addition, various rapid human-induced environmental changes are leading to the decline of some of its populations. However, we know very little about the conservation status of most species and for many species, we hardly know their true distributions across the Iberian Peninsula. Here, we present a collaborative effort to collate and curate a database of Iberian bee occurrences to answer questions about their distribution, habitat preference, phenology, or historical trends. In total we have accumulated 87 684 records from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands of 923 different species with 87% of georeferenced records collected between 1830 and 2022. In addition, each record has associated information such as the sampling location (89%), collector and person who identified the species (64%), date of the capture (54%) and plant species where the bees were captured (20%). We believe that this database is the starting point to better understand and conserve bee biodiversity in the Iberian Peninsula. It can be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6354502Esta base de datos se ha realizado con la ayuda de los proyectos EUCLIPO (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-028360/EUCLIPO) y SAFEGUARD (ref. 101003476 H2020 -SFS-2019-2).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio