99 research outputs found

    Tissue Engineering mit porösen Polyethylenimplantaten

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    Hintergrund: Eine Verbesserung der BiokompatibilitĂ€t von porösen Polyethylenimplantaten könnte postoperative Komplikationsraten senken und das klinisches Anwendungsgebiet des Biomaterials erweitern. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurde untersucht, ob eine „Vitalisierung“ von porösen Polyethylenimplantaten mit dermalen Fibroblasten möglich ist und ob hierdurch die mikrovaskulĂ€re Integration sowie die immunologische Reaktion des Wirtsorganismus beeinflusst werden konnte. Material und Methoden: Poröse Polyethylenimplantate wurden in vitro mit GFP-markierten dermalen Fibroblasten kultiviert. Die auf dem Biomaterial adhĂ€renten Zellen wurden vor Implantation in dorsale RĂŒckenhautkammern an C57/Bl6 MĂ€usen mittels konfokaler Mikroskopie quantifiziert, ebenso nach Explantation. Native Implantate dienten als Kontrolle. Angiogeneseprozesse sowie die Leukozyten-Endothelzellinteraktion im Implantatmaterial wurden wiederholt mittels in vivo Fluoreszenzmikroskopie analysiert. Abschließend wurde die dynamische Desintegrationskraft quantifiziert und eine Analyse immunmodulatorischer Zytokine durchgefĂŒhrt. Ergebnisse: Poröse Polyethylenimplantate konnten nachhaltig mit dermalen Fibroblasten „vitalisiert“ werden. Mikrozirkulatorische Parameter nahmen wĂ€hrend des Beobachtungszeitraums zu, allerdings konnten keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen festgestellt werden. Einzelne immunmodulatorische Zytokine waren in „vitalisierten“ porösen Polyethylenimplantaten tendenziell erhöht, eine signifikante Beeinflussung der Immunantwort des Wirtsorganismus war jedoch nicht festzustellen. Schlussfolgerung: Eine „Vitalisierung“ von porösen Polyethylenimplantaten mit dermalen Fibroblasten ist nachhaltig durchfĂŒhrbar, beeinflusst jedoch die mikrovaskulĂ€re Integration in vivo sowie die Immunreaktion des Wirtsorganismus nicht signifikant. Somit sind möglicherweise zusĂ€tzliche Maßnahmen im Sinne eines Tissue Engineerings erforderlich, um die BiokompatibilitĂ€t von porösen Polyethylenimplantaten mittels dieser vielversprechenden Zellquelle zu verbessern

    Les droits disciplinaires des fonctions publiques : « unification », « harmonisation » ou « distanciation ». A propos de la loi du 26 avril 2016 relative à la déontologie et aux droits et obligations des fonctionnaires

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    The production of tt‟ , W+bb‟ and W+cc‟ is studied in the forward region of proton–proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98±0.02 fb−1 . The W bosons are reconstructed in the decays W→ℓΜ , where ℓ denotes muon or electron, while the b and c quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions.The production of tt‟t\overline{t}, W+bb‟W+b\overline{b} and W+cc‟W+c\overline{c} is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 ±\pm 0.02 \mbox{fb}^{-1}. The WW bosons are reconstructed in the decays W→ℓΜW\rightarrow\ell\nu, where ℓ\ell denotes muon or electron, while the bb and cc quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions

    Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

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    PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

    Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

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    PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

    Measurement of CP violation parameters and polarisation fractions in Bs0→J/ψK‟∗0 {\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{s}}^0\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {\overline{\mathrm{K}}}^{\ast 0} decays

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    The first measurement of C ⁣P{C\!P} asymmetries in the decay Bs0→J/ψK‟∗(892)0{B_s^0\to J/\psi \overline{K}^{*}(892)^{0}} and an updated measurement of its branching fraction and polarisation fractions are presented. The results are obtained using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−13.0\,fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions recorded with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 77 and 8 TeV8\,\mathrm{TeV}. Together with constraints from B0→J/ψρ0{B^0\to J/\psi \rho^0}, the results are used to constrain additional contributions due to penguin diagrams in the C ⁣P{C\!P}-violating phase ϕs{{\phi}_{s}}, measured through Bs0{B_s^0} decays to charmonium.The first measurement of CP asymmetries in the decay Bs0→J/ψK‟∗(892)0 {B}_s^0\to J/\psi {\overline{\mathrm{K}}}^{\ast }{(892)}^0 and an updated measurement of its branching fraction and polarisation fractions are presented. The results are obtained using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb^{−}^{1} of proton-proton collisions recorded with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. Together with constraints from B0^{0} → J/ψ ρ0^{0}, the results are used to constrain additional contributions due to penguin diagrams in the CP -violating phase ϕs_{s} , measured through Bs0_{s}^{0} decays to charmonium.The first measurement of C ⁣P{C\!P} asymmetries in the decay Bs0→J/ψK‟∗(892)0{B_s^0\to J/\psi \overline{K}^{*}(892)^{0}} and an updated measurement of its branching fraction and polarisation fractions are presented. The results are obtained using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−13.0\,fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions recorded with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 77 and 8 TeV8\,\mathrm{TeV}. Together with constraints from B0→J/ψρ0{B^0\to J/\psi \rho^0}, the results are used to constrain additional contributions due to penguin diagrams in the C ⁣P{C\!P}-violating phase ϕs{{\phi}_{s}}, measured through Bs0{B_s^0} decays to charmonium

    Measurement of forward W→eÎœW\to e\nu production in pppp collisions at s=8 \sqrt{s}=8\,TeV

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    A measurement of the cross-section for W→eÎœW \to e\nu production in pppp collisions is presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 2\,fb−1^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s=8 \sqrt{s}=8\,TeV. The electrons are required to have more than 20 20\,GeV of transverse momentum and to lie between 2.00 and 4.25 in pseudorapidity. The inclusive WW production cross-sections, where the WW decays to eÎœe\nu, are measured to be \begin{align*} \begin{split} \sigma_{W^{+} \to e^{+}\nu_{e}}&=1124.4\pm 2.1\pm 21.5\pm 11.2\pm 13.0\,\mathrm{pb},\\ \sigma_{W^{-} \to e^{-}\bar{\nu}_{e}}&=\,\,\,809.0\pm 1.9\pm 18.1\pm\,\,\,7.0\pm \phantom{0}9.4\,\mathrm{pb}, \end{split} \end{align*} where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic, the third are due to the knowledge of the LHC beam energy and the fourth are due to the luminosity determination. Differential cross-sections as a function of the electron pseudorapidity are measured. The W+/W−W^{+}/W^{-} cross-section ratio and production charge asymmetry are also reported. Results are compared with theoretical predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics. Finally, in a precise test of lepton universality, the ratio of WW boson branching fractions is determined to be \begin{align*} \begin{split} \mathcal{B}(W \to e\nu)/\mathcal{B}(W \to \mu\nu)=1.020\pm 0.002\pm 0.019, \end{split} \end{align*} where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.A measurement of the cross-section for W→eÎœW \to e\nu production in pppp collisions is presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 2\,fb−1^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s=8 \sqrt{s}=8\,TeV. The electrons are required to have more than 20 20\,GeV of transverse momentum and to lie between 2.00 and 4.25 in pseudorapidity. The inclusive WW production cross-sections, where the WW decays to eÎœe\nu, are measured to be \begin{equation*} \sigma_{W^{+} \to e^{+}\nu_{e}}=1124.4\pm 2.1\pm 21.5\pm 11.2\pm 13.0\,\mathrm{pb}, \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma_{W^{-} \to e^{-}\bar{\nu}_{e}}=\,\,\,809.0\pm 1.9\pm 18.1\pm\,\,\,7.0\pm \phantom{0}9.4\,\mathrm{pb}, \end{equation*} where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic, the third are due to the knowledge of the LHC beam energy and the fourth are due to the luminosity determination. Differential cross-sections as a function of the electron pseudorapidity are measured. The W+/W−W^{+}/W^{-} cross-section ratio and production charge asymmetry are also reported. Results are compared with theoretical predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics. Finally, in a precise test of lepton universality, the ratio of WW boson branching fractions is determined to be \begin{equation*} \mathcal{B}(W \to e\nu)/\mathcal{B}(W \to \mu\nu)=1.020\pm 0.002\pm 0.019, \end{equation*} where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.A measurement of the cross-section for W → eÎœ production in pp collisions is presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 fb−1^{−1} collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s=8 \sqrt{s}=8 TeV. The electrons are required to have more than 20 GeV of transverse momentum and to lie between 2.00 and 4.25 in pseudorapidity. The inclusive W production cross-sections, where the W decays to eÎœ, are measured to be σW+→e+Îœe=1124.4±2.1±21.5±11.2±13.0pb, {\sigma}_{W^{+}\to {e}^{+}{\nu}_e}=1124.4\pm 2.1\pm 21.5\pm 11.2\pm 13.0\kern0.5em \mathrm{p}\mathrm{b}, σW−→e−Μ‟e=809.0±1.9±18.1±7.0±9.4 pb, {\sigma}_{W^{-}\to {e}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_e}=809.0\pm 1.9\pm 18.1\pm \kern0.5em 7.0\pm \kern0.5em 9.4\,\mathrm{p}\mathrm{b}, where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic, the third are due to the knowledge of the LHC beam energy and the fourth are due to the luminosity determination

    Measurements of prompt charm production cross-sections in pp collisions at s=5 \sqrt{s}=5 TeV

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    Production cross-sections of prompt charm mesons are measured using data from pppp collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 5 5\,TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 8.60±0.33 8.60\pm0.33\,pb−1^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment. The production cross-sections of D0D^0, D+D^+, Ds+D_s^+, and D∗+D^{*+} mesons are measured in bins of charm meson transverse momentum, pTp_{\text{T}}, and rapidity, yy. They cover the rapidity range 2.0<y<4.52.0 < y < 4.5 and transverse momentum ranges 0<pT<10 GeV/c0 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for D0D^0 and D+D^+ and 1<pT<10 GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for Ds+D_s^+ and D∗+D^{*+} mesons. The inclusive cross-sections for the four mesons, including charge-conjugate states, within the range of 1<pT<8 GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 8\, \text{GeV}/c are determined to be \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^0 X) = 1190 \pm 3 \pm 64\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^+ X) = 456 \pm 3 \pm 34\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D_s^+ X) = 195 \pm 4 \pm 19\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^{*+} X)= 467 \pm 6 \pm 40\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.Production cross-sections of prompt charm mesons are measured using data from pp collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 5 TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 8.60 ± 0.33 pb−1^{−1} collected by the LHCb experiment. The production cross-sections of D0^{0}, D+^{+}, Ds+_{s}^{+} , and D∗+^{∗+} mesons are measured in bins of charm meson transverse momentum, pT_{T}, and rapidity, y. They cover the rapidity range 2.0 < y < 4.5 and transverse momentum ranges 0 < pT_{T} < 10 GeV/c for D0^{0} and D+^{+} and 1 < pT_{T} < 10 GeV/c for Ds+_{s}^{+} and D∗+^{∗+} mesons. The inclusive cross-sections for the four mesons, including charge-conjugate states, within the range of 1 < pT_{T} < 8 GeV/c are determined to be σ(pp→D0X)=1004±3±54ÎŒb,σ(pp→D+X)=402±2±30ÎŒb,σ(pp→Ds+X)=170±4±16ÎŒb,σ(pp→D∗+X)=421±5±36ÎŒb, \begin{array}{l}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}^0X\right)=1004\pm 3\pm 54\mu \mathrm{b},\\ {}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}^{+}X\right)=402\pm 2\pm 30\mu \mathrm{b},\\ {}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}_s^{+}X\right)=170\pm 4\pm 16\mu \mathrm{b},\\ {}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}^{\ast +}X\right)=421\pm 5\pm 36\mu \mathrm{b},\end{array} where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.Production cross-sections of prompt charm mesons are measured using data from pppp collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 5 5\,TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 8.60±0.33 8.60\pm0.33\,pb−1^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment. The production cross-sections of D0D^0, D+D^+, Ds+D_s^+, and D∗+D^{*+} mesons are measured in bins of charm meson transverse momentum, pTp_{\text{T}}, and rapidity, yy. They cover the rapidity range 2.0<y<4.52.0<y<4.5 and transverse momentum ranges 0<pT<10 GeV/c0 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for D0D^0 and D+D^+ and 1<pT<10 GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for Ds+D_s^+ and D∗+D^{*+} mesons. The inclusive cross-sections for the four mesons, including charge-conjugate states, within the range of 1<pT<8 GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 8\, \text{GeV}/c are determined to be \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^0 X) = 1004 \pm 3 \pm 54\,\mu\text{b} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^+ X) = 402 \pm 2 \pm 30\,\mu\text{b} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D_s^+ X) = 170 \pm 4 \pm 16\,\mu\text{b} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^{*+} X)= 421 \pm 5 \pm 36\,\mu\text{b} where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively
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