Ressenyes

Obra ressenyada: Eugene A. NIDA, Fascinated by Languages. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003

Termbepaling : bestaat hier wel een Nederlandse term voor?

Nieuwe begrippen worden vaak eerst voorzien van een Engelse naam. In nogal wat gevallen wordt de Engelse term in eerste instantie in het Nederlands overgenomen en soms blijft hij er ook bewaard. Wanneer moeten we ons daarbij neerleggen en wanneer moeten we actie ondernemen om een volwaardig Nederlands equivalent te vinden of voor te stellen? Er wordt uitgegaan van drie scenario’s. In het eerste scenario moeten we vaststellen dat de Engelse term al ingeburgerd is en dat een poging om nog een nieuwe Nederlandse term voor te stellen verloren moeite is (voorbeeld: computer). In het tweede scenario kwam de Engelse term tot stand in onze eigen organisatie of ons eigen bedrijf. In dat geval is onze verantwoordelijkheid groot en is het het beste al in een vroeg stadium een haalbaar Nederlands equivalent voor te stellen. Het derde scenario is dat waarbij de Engelse term van buitenaf komt en er mogelijk al een voorstel tot vernederlandsing is geweest. Dat moeten we dan via geschikte bronnen nagaan. Een Nederlands equivalent maakt meer kans om ingang te vinden als er bij het proces van ‘secundaire neologie’ enkele principes in acht worden genomen. Tijdens de interactieve sessie werden die voorgesteld en aan de hand van voorbeelden uitgetest

Expression of the chemokine receptor CCR5 in psoriasis and results of a randomized placebo controlled trial with a CCR5 inhibitor

Several reports have indicated that the chemokine receptor CCR5 and its ligands, especially CCL5 (formerly known as RANTES), may play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the expression of CCR5 and its ligands in chronic plaque psoriasis and to evaluate the clinical and immunohistochemical effect of a CCR5 receptor inhibitor. Immunohistochemical analysis showed low but significant increased total numbers of CCR5 positive cells in epidermis and dermis of lesional skin in comparison to non-lesional skin. However, relative expression of CCR5 proportional to the cells observed revealed that the difference between lesional and non-lesional skin was only statistically significant in the epidermis for CD3 positive cells and in the dermis for CD68 positive cells. Quantification of mRNA by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction only showed an increased expression of CCL5 (RANTES) in lesional skin. A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial in 32 psoriasis patients revealed no significant clinical effect and no changes at the immunohistochemical level comparing patients treated with placebo or a CCR5 inhibitor SCH351125. We conclude that although CCR5 expression is increased in psoriatic lesions, this receptor does not play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis

The preparatory Set: A Novel Approach to Understanding Stress, Trauma, and the Bodymind Therapies

Basic to all motile life is a differential approach/avoid response to perceived features of environment. The stages of response are initial reflexive noticing and orienting to the stimulus, preparation, and execution of response. Preparation involves a coordination of many aspects of the organism: muscle tone, posture, breathing, autonomic functions, motivational/emotional state, attentional orientation, and expectations. The organism organizes itself in relation to the challenge. We propose to call this the preparatory set (PS). We suggest that the concept of the PS can offer a more nuanced and flexible perspective on the stress response than do current theories. We also hypothesize that the mechanisms of body-mind therapeutic and educational systems (BTES) can be understood through the PS framework. We suggest that the BTES, including meditative movement, meditation, somatic education, and the body-oriented psychotherapies, are approaches that use interventions on the PS to remedy stress and trauma. We discuss how the PS can be adaptive or maladaptive, how BTES interventions may restore adaptive PS, and how these concepts offer a broader and more flexible view of the phenomena of stress and trauma. We offer supportive evidence for our hypotheses, and suggest directions for future research. We believe that the PS framework will point to ways of improving the management of stress and trauma, and that it will suggest directions of research into the mechanisms of action of BTES

Guilds in the transition to modernity: the cases of Germany, United Kingdom, and the Netherlands

One important aspect of the transition to modernity is the survival of elements of the Old Regime beyond the French Revolution. It has been claimed that this can explain why in the late 19th and early 20th centuries some Western countries adopted national corporatist structures while others transformed into liberal market economies. One of those elements is the persistence or absence of guild traditions. This is usually analyzed in a national context. This paper aims to contribute to the debate by investigating the development of separate trades in Germany, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands throughout the 19th century. We distinguish six scenarios of what might have happened to crafts and investigate how the prevalence of each of these scenarios in the three countries impacted on the emerging national political economies. By focusing on trades, rather than on the national political economy, our analysis demonstrates that in each country the formation of national political economies and citizenship rights was not the result of a national pattern of guild survival. Rather, the pattern that emerged by the end of the 19th century was determined by the balance between old and new industries, and between national and regional or local government

Ressenyes

Obra ressenyada: Eugene A. NIDA, Fascinated by Languages. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003

Terminology in everyday life /

Inhoudsopgave : -- Introduction / Marcel Thelen and Frieda Steurs -- Section I. Terminology and smaller language: Synonymy and variation in digital terrestrial television: Is Italian at risk? / Franco Bertaccini, Monica Massari and Sara Castagnoli -- Language (policy), translation and terminology in the European Union / Márta Fischer -- The situation and problems of Hungarian terminology / Ágota Fóris -- Translation-oriented terminology work in Hungary / Judith Muráth -- Towards a national terminology infrastructure: The Swedish experience / Henrik Nilsson -- Section II. Best practices in terminology management: terminology on demand: maintaining a terminological query service / Claudia Dobrina -- Frames, contextual information and images in terminology: a proposal / Mercedes García de Quesada and Arianne Reimerink -- How much terminological theory do we need for practice? an old pedagogical dilemma in a new field / Vassilis Korkas and Margaret RogersOntological support for multilingual domain-specific translation dictionaries / Rita Temmerman and Sancho Geentjens -- Section III. Possibilities of terminological databases for different applications: In praise of effective export terminology / Danielle Dubroca Galin ... [et al.] -- Computer aided term bank creation and standardization: building standardized term banks through automated term extraction and advanced editing tools / Jody Foo and Magnus Merkel -- Competency-based job descriptions and termontography: the case of terminological variation / Koen Kerremans, Peter De Baer and Rita Temmerman --Proposals to standardize remote sensing terminology in Spanish / Lara Sanz Vicente and Joaquín García Palacios -- Section IV. Terminology in a medical setting: The PERTOMed project: exploiting and validating terminological resources of comparable Russian-French-English corpora within pharmacovigilance / Cedric Bousquet and Maria Zimina -- Instrumentality in cognitive concept modelling / Paul Sambre and Cornelia Wermuth -- Biographical notes -- Author index -- Subject index.Inhoudsopgave : -- Introduction / Marcel Thelen and Frieda Steurs -- Section I. Terminology and smaller language: Synonymy and variation in digital terrestrial television: Is Italian at risk? / Franco Bertaccini, Monica Massari and Sara Castagnoli -- Language (policy), translation and terminology in the European Union / Márta Fischer -- The situation and problems of Hungarian terminology / Ágota Fóris -- Translation-oriented terminology work in Hungary / Judith Muráth -- Towards a national terminology infrastructure: The Swedish experience / Henrik Nilsson -- Section II. Best practices in terminology management: terminology on demand: maintaining a terminological query service / Claudia Dobrina -- Frames, contextual information and images in terminology: a proposal / Mercedes García de Quesada and Arianne Reimerink -- How much terminological theory do we need for practice? an old pedagogical dilemma in a new field / Vassilis Korkas and Margaret RogersOntological support for multilingual domain-specific translation dictionaries / Rita Temmerman and Sancho Geentjens -- Section III. Possibilities of terminological databases for different applications: In praise of effective export terminology / Danielle Dubroca Galin ... [et al.] -- Computer aided term bank creation and standardization: building standardized term banks through automated term extraction and advanced editing tools / Jody Foo and Magnus Merkel -- Competency-based job descriptions and termontography: the case of terminological variation / Koen Kerremans, Peter De Baer and Rita Temmerman --Proposals to standardize remote sensing terminology in Spanish / Lara Sanz Vicente and Joaquín García Palacios -- Section IV. Terminology in a medical setting: The PERTOMed project: exploiting and validating terminological resources of comparable Russian-French-English corpora within pharmacovigilance / Cedric Bousquet and Maria Zimina -- Instrumentality in cognitive concept modelling / Paul Sambre and Cornelia Wermuth -- Biographical notes -- Author index -- Subject index.Met register en bibliografische verwijzinge