Prospects of Using Blockchain Technology in the Tourism Industry

This article is devoted to an actual research problem in conditions of increased uncertainty and the need for a theoretical rethinking of the tourism phenomenon in the society, when geopolitical upheavals and a decrease in international security are taking place, as well as the pandemic COVID-19, which currently poses new challenges for the tourism industry. Today, it is more relevant and appropriate than ever to think about them from the perspective of blockchain technology, using a fundamental approach to the digitalization of decentralized management of the life cycle of an internal regional tourism product. It is required to develop an integrated scientific and methodological approach to modeling and designing cyber-physical systems for monitoring and managing tourism products, objects, and processes based on blockchain technologies in order to maximize the contribution of the tourism industry to the socioeconomic development of regions

Формирование компетенции «лидерство» в вузах

The article deals with the problems of forming leadership competencies in institutes of higher education. Requirements of consumers of educational services – the state, universities, students, and employers – have confirmed the relevance of this issue. Being based on the analysis of the Federal State Educational Standard  of areas of economics (economics, management, personnel management, and etc.) the paper presents an original questionnaire for employers, teachers, and students. The questionnaire highlighted the main common cultural and professional competencies and revealed the most needed knowledge, skills, and abilities of young professionals. The paper provides an overview of domestic and foreign research of leadership in the student’s environment, as well as the results of the carried out study. The analysis of theoretical approaches to leadership enabled to generalize and concretize the concept of “leadership competence”. Thus, the article defined leadership competence as a leadership metacompetence which made it possible to cultivate leadership qualities, adapt to new conditions, and also facilitated the acquisition of other competencies. The study, which involved students, teachers, and employers of the Southern Federal District, distinguished the main components of “leadership” competence, highlighted the main leadership qualities in students, and assessed the leadership qualities in heads of student groups. Research methods included a number of author’s questionnaires. Thus, the questionnaire consisting of 45 items (in the framework of the technique of “360 degrees”) was used for assessing the leadership qualities in the heads of student groups. A comprehensive approach of testing, enabling to cover the problem from different points of view and levels of hierarchy (students, teachers, curators, and heads) was the main purpose of this assessing. The results of the carried out study made it possible to specify the definition of “leadership” competence, highlight the main characteristics of leadership qualities in the student’s environment, and suggest directions of forming leadership skills in institutes of higher education.Статья посвящена проблемам формирования лидерских компетенций в высших учебных заведениях (вузах). Актуальность данной темы подтверждается требованиями потребителей образовательных услуг: государством, вузами, студентами и работодателями. На основе анализа ФГОС экономических направлений (экономика, менеджмент, управление персоналом и др.) для работодателей, преподавателей и студентов была составлена анкета, в которой были выделены основные общие, общекультурные и профессиональные компетенции и выявлены наиболее востребованные знания, умения и навыки молодых специалистов. В работе приводится обзор отечественных и зарубежных источников, посвященных исследованию лидерства в студенческой среде, а также результаты проведенного авторами исследования. Анализ существующих теоретических подходов к лидерству позволил обобщить и конкретизировать понятие «компетенция лидерства» и определить ее как метакомпетенцию лидерства, не только позволяющую культивировать лидерские качества, приспосабливаться к новым условиям, но и служащую для облегчения приобретения остальных компетенций. В ходе исследования, в котором приняли участие студенты, преподаватели и работодатели Южного федерального округа, были сформулированы основные составляющие компетенции «лидерство», выделены основные лидерские качества студентов, проведена оценка лидерских качеств старост студенческих групп. Методы исследования включали ряд авторских опросников. Так, для оценки лидерских качеств старост студенческих групп была разработана анкета из 45 вопросов, в рамках методики «360 градусов». Главной задачей данной оценки выступает комплексный подход тестирования, который подразумевает освещение проблемы с разных точек зрения и уровней иерархии (студентов, преподавателей, кураторов, самих старост). Выполненное исследование позволило конкретизировать определение компетенции «лидерство», выделить основные характеристики лидерских качеств в студенческой среде и предложить направления формирования лидерских компетенций в вузах

Yakist diialnosti zakladiv vyshchoi osvity: normatyvne rehuliuvannia ta systema vnutrishnoho upravlinnia

В статье рассмотрен вопрос усовершенствования системы внутреннего управления качеством деятельности высших учебных заведений. Целью написания данной статьи является анализ нормативных законодательных актов по вопросам качества образования и формирование на этой основе подходов по совершенствованию системы внутреннего управления качеством деятельности высших учебных заведений. Для достижения поставленной цели решены следующие задачи: проанализированы законодательные акты в части регламентации качества высшего образования, изучена трактовка качества образования в соответствующих законах Украины; усовершенствовано понятие системы качества деятельности высших учебных заведений; обоснованы концептуальные основы совершенствования управления системой повышения качества деятельности высших учебных заведений; исследована система мероприятий и процедур, используемых в ходе обеспечения качества высшего образования; определены базовые составляющие системы принятия решений для обеспечения качества деятельности высших учебных заведений. Объектом исследования являются законодательные акты относительно процесса управления системой повышения качества деятельности высших учебных заведений. Предмет исследования - теоретико-методические и практические вопросы управления системой обеспечения качества деятельности высших учебных заведений. В ходе исследования были использованы следующие методы: структурно-логического анализа - для построения логики и структуры работы; системного анализа и синтеза - для исследования сущности предмета исследования; системного подхода - для усовершенствования системно-целевого подхода к управлению системой повышения качества деятельности высших учебных заведений. В данной статье на основе анализа соответствующей законодательной базы получили дальнейшее развитие положения по управлению внутренней системой обеспечения качества деятельности учреждений высшего образования в контексте совершенствования методических основ такого управления, проведен анализ системы мер и процедур, используемых в ходе повышения качества высшего образования, группировка базовых составляющих системы принятия решений для обеспечения качества деятельности высших учебных заведений. В формате практического значения произведений можно определить возможность их использования в процессе управления вузами всех форм собственности с целью достижения соответствующего качества их результатов.У статті розглянуте питання удосконалення системи внутрішнього управління якістю діяльності закладів вищої освіти. Метою написання даної статті є аналіз нормативних законодавчих актів з питань якості освіти і формування на цій основі підходів щодо удосконалення системи внутрішнього управління якістю діяльності закладів вищої освіти. Для досягнення поставленої мети вирішено такі завдання: проаналізовано законодавчі акти в частині регламентації якості вищої освіти, вивчено трактування якості освіти у відповідних Законах України; удосконалено поняття системи якості діяльності закладів вищої освіти; обґрунтовано концептуальні основи удосконалення управління системою підвищення якості діяльності закладів вищої освіти; досліджено систему заходів і процедур, що використовуються в ході забезпечення якості вищої освіти; визначено базові складові системи прийняття рішень для забезпечення якості діяльності закладів вищої освіти. Об’єктом дослідження є законодавчі акти щодо процесу управління системою підвищення якості діяльності закладів вищої освіти. Предмет дослідження – теоретико-методичні та практичні питання управління системою забезпечення якості діяльності закладів вищої освіти. У ході дослідження були використані наступні методи: структурно-логічного аналізу – для побудови логіки та структури роботи; системного аналізу і синтезу – для дослідження сутності предмету дослідження; системного підходу – для удосконалення системно-цільового підходу до управління системою підвищення якості діяльності закладів вищої освіти. У даній статті на основі аналізу відповідної законодавчої бази дістали подальшого розвитку положення щодо управління внутрішньою системою забезпечення якості діяльності закладів вищої освіти в контексті удосконалення методичних засад такого управління, проведено аналіз системи заходів і процедур, що використовуються в ході підвищення якості вищої освіти, групування базових складових системи прийняття рішень для забезпечення якості діяльності закладів вищої освіти. У форматі практичного значення доробків можна визначити можливість їх використання у процесі управління закладами вищої освіти всіх форм власності з метою досягнення відповідної якості їх результатів.The authors received no direct funding for this research.The article considers the issue of improving the system of higher education institutions internal management. The purpose of the article is to analyze the regulations on the quality of education and the formation on this basis of approaches to improve the system of internal quality management of higher education institutions. To achieve this goal, the following tasks have been solved: the legislative acts in terms of regulating the quality of higher education have been analyzed, the interpretation of the quality of education in the relevant Laws of Ukraine has been studied; the concept of the quality system of higher education institutions has been improved; the conceptual bases of improving the management of the system of improving the quality of higher education institutions have been substantiated; the system of measures and procedures used in ensuring the quality of higher education have been studied; the basic components of the decision-making system to ensure the quality of higher education institutions have been identified. The object of the study is the legislation on the management process of improving the quality of higher education institutions. The subject of research is the theoretical and methodological and practical issues of management of the quality assurance system of higher education institutions. The following methods were used in the study: structural-logical analysis - to build the logic and structure of work; system analysis and synthesis - to study the essence of the subject of study; system approach - to improve the system-targeted approach to the management of the system of improving the quality of higher education institutions. In this article, based on the analysis of the relevant legal framework, the provisions on the management of the internal system of quality assurance of higher education institutions in the context of improving the methodological foundations of such management have been further developed, the system of measures and procedures used to improve the quality of higher education decision-making systems to ensure the quality of higher education institutions has been analyzed. In the format of the practical significance of the works, it is possible to determine the possibility of their use in the management of higher education institutions of all forms of ownership in order to achieve the appropriate quality of their results

Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the ‘‘Green” Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instruments’ development and satellite missions’ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other Earth observation measurements to in situ data. Section 6 identifies the data and methods and provides some accuracy and resolution requirements for the wet tropospheric correction, the orbit and other geodetic requirements, the Mean Sea Surface, Geoid and Mean Dynamic Topography, Calibration and Validation, data accuracy, data access and handling (including the DUACS system). Section 7 brings a transversal view on scales, integration, artificial intelligence, and capacity building (education and training). Section 8 reviews the programmatic issues followed by a conclusion

Altimetry for the future: building on 25 years of progress

In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the “Green” Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instruments’ development and satellite missions’ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other Earth observation measurements to in situ data. Section 6 identifies the data and methods and provides some accuracy and resolution requirements for the wet tropospheric correction, the orbit and other geodetic requirements, the Mean Sea Surface, Geoid and Mean Dynamic Topography, Calibration and Validation, data accuracy, data access and handling (including the DUACS system). Section 7 brings a transversal view on scales, integration, artificial intelligence, and capacity building (education and training). Section 8 reviews the programmatic issues followed by a conclusion

SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING

The article investigates the problems of adult education, particularly social-psychological characteristics of adult development and learning are analyzed. The author gives the definition of the institutional peculiarities of adult education. As it is stated in the article, adult learning is a firm basis of his/her psychological development. Life-long education is a guarantee of the individual’s cognitive development

Approach to Regional Tourism Potential Assessment in View of Cross-Sectoral Ecosystem Development

The regional tourism industry along with its various components and stakeholders involved in the development of regional tourism products (TP) and the value chain can be interpreted as ecosystems. A concept of creating a regional cross-sectoral ecosystem is presented and described. It brings together all interested parties (actors), including government authorities and various business representatives. The approaches to determining the level of attractiveness of a region for the formation of a tourism ecosystem based on the assessment of its tourism potential (TP) are the research subject. The research methodology presents an algorithm for assessing the tourism ecosystem formation attractiveness through assessment of key performance indicators assessing territorial TP. The purpose of the study is to develop strategic guidelines for increasing the efficiency of using tourism potential to form a regional ecosystem (a case study of the Penza Region). The conducted analysis has highlighted strategies (institutional; business image; cultural and educational; innovation and technology) that determine the key vectors for the development of tourism potential of the Penza Region

Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus with decompensation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in newborns: new in treatment tactics

Background ― Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in newborns with occlusion of cerebrospinal fluid leads to decompensation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. There is no single method that meets all the criteria for the effectiveness and safety of treatment. The study goal was to investigate the use of coronary translambdoid subarachnoid ventriculostomy (CTSV) and ventricular subarachnoid stenting (VSS) in the treatment of neonatal hydrocephalus. Material and Methods ― The analysis of the posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus treatment in 327 newborns for the period of 2000-2018 in Crimea. Two groups have been identified. In the Group 1, 184 children underwent standard treatment according to the ‘LVV protocol’ with lumbar and ventricular punctures with 20-22G needles, while with progression of hydrocephalus, with ventriculosubgaleal drainage and ventriculoperitoneal shunt. In 143 children with occlusion and ventricular block, the treatment complex included CTSV – RF Patent No. 2715535, and ventricular drainage by the ventricular subarachnoid stenting (VSS) – RF Patent No. 2721455. Results ― An increase in the treatment radicality under CTSV is achieved through the use of the cerebral needles of a larger diameter (14G) and puncture access zones, elimination of occlusion, while under VSS, restoration of intracranial circulation and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid is ensured by prolonged sanitation with a saline solution of cerebrospinal fluid spaces. A positive outcome with compensation for hydrocephalus was achieved in 75.4% of cases versus 28.2% under the conventional protocol (p<0.001). In other cases, the imbalance of production and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid remained, which required the integration of the VSS with the peritoneal segment of the shunt, without further replacement and reinstallation of the system. Conclusion ― Our results allow us to consider the effectiveness of CTSV and VSS inclusion in the contemporary algorithm for the treatment of decompensated posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in newborns

Evaluation of the biological activity of meadow chernozem soils after the application of biochars with different pyrolysis temperatures in a model experiment

The paper aims to study the effect of fresh and aged biochar with different pyrolysis temperatures and metal resistant bacteria on the numbers of microorganisms and the dehydrogenase activity of meadow chernozem soils. The use of fresh biochar leads to an increase in the number of soil bacteria and suppression of dehydrogenase activity; after ageing biochar by incubation in the soil, dehydrogenase activity increases significantly