Real Time Clock based Energy Efficient Automatic Dual Axis Solar Tracking System

Energy derived from the sun is one of the most promising options. Solar energy is one of the alternate natural energy resources. In this proposed system, real time clock (RTC) based embedded solar tracking system is used to track the solar. The built system is, the design of dual axis and open loop tracking system. In this two axis tracking system, one axis is equipped with automation unit. Another one axis is adjusted manually by once in a month. Time based algorithm is successfully performed to various months in order to track the sun. In this tracking system, the azimuth angle is controlled by real time clock. Zenith angles were controlled manually by monthly once. An entire asymmetric solar dish concentrator is covered by 1 x 1 inch glass mirrors. The solar dish concentrator has reached maximum solar concentration with the help of this continuous RTC tracking method. The proposed system experiment was conducted in the month of March, April and May 2017. The maximum temperature of 415 oC was recorded at the time of experiment.This paper describes the design, implementation and performance of a real time clock (RTC) based dual axis solar tracking system and asymmetric solar dish concentrator. Numerous algorithm and functional program methodologies are implemented in order to optimizing the energy efficiency of the RTC based simple electromechanical dual axis solar energy tracking system. In this presented work, a RTC (Real Time Clock) based dual axis solar tracking system and solar dish concentrator is designed, implemented and tested based on current time and photodiode sensor based daily tracking method. In daily morning, the photo diode sensor in solar tracking system is used to align the solar concentrator for the initial position. The developed solar tracking system can follow the sun at various days, months and seasons. So, the solar tracking system needs a RTC (Real Time Clock) in order to leading the solar tracking system in finding sun’s position for the daily, monthly and seasonal movement. So, the combination of both RTC and sensor based tracking system gives the designed solar tracking system as an efficient one. Time based algorithm is successfully performed to various months in order to track the sun. An entire asymmetric solar dish concentrator is covered by 1 x 1 inch glass mirrors. The solar dish concentrator has reached maximum solar concentration with the help of this continuous RTC tracking method. The experiment was conducted in the month of March, April and May 2017. The maximum temperature of 415oC was recorded at the time of experiment. It is found that thermal power gain of RTC based dual axis solar tracking system is 75% compared to the fixed solar concentrator system

Firm structure and corporate cash holdings

We analyze whether the organizational structure of firms (i.e., whether a firm is diversified or focused) affects their cash holdings. Using Compustat firm level and segment-level data, we find that diversified firms hold significantly less cash than their focused counterparts. Our results are robust to industry adjustments at the segment level and to different factors previously found to be important determinants of cash holdings. Using time-series, cross-sectional, and additional robustness tests we are able to attribute the lower cash holdings among diversified firms to complementary growth opportunities across the different segments of these firms and the availability of active internal capital markets. We find that the other theories that rely on the potentially effective use of asset sales of non-core segments of diversified firms to generate cash, and the increased agency/influence costs in diversified firms do not offer an economically significant explanation for the lower cash holdings among diversified firms. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Business, FinanceSSCI8ARTICLE3759-7731

Metabolite of the pesticide DDT and incident type 2 diabetes in urban India

BACKGROUND: Previous epidemiological studies, largely conducted in high-income countries and cross-sectional, have suggested a relatively strong association between exposure to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), a metabolite of the pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and type 2 diabetes. DDT is widely used in India and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes there is increasing, but the association between these factors has not been explored to date. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to estimate the association of the p,p' isomer of DDE with incident type 2 diabetes in India. METHODS: A nested case-control study was conducted in a representative prospective cohort of adults from two cities in India. Participants were enrolled in 2010-11 (n = 12,271) and followed for annual assessment of chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes. Baseline plasma samples from incident cases of diabetes (n = 193) and sex-city-matched controls (n = 323) were selected for analysis of p,p-DDE. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: At baseline, cases had higher p,p-DDE concentrations: geometric mean (95% CI) 330 (273-399) ng/g lipid compared to 223 (189-262) ng/g lipid among controls. Delhi participants had higher p,p-DDE concentrations: 579 (521-643) ng/g lipid compared to 122 (102-145) ng/g lipid in Chennai. In unadjusted models, being in the highest versus lowest quartile of p,p-DDE was associated with a more than doubling of the odds of diabetes: unadjusted OR (95% CI), 2.30 (1.19, 4.43). However, this effect was no longer significant after adjustment for age: adjusted (95% CI), 0.97 (0.46, 2.06). DISCUSSION: Results suggest that levels of p,p'-DDE in Delhi are exceptionally high, but we did not observe a significant association between p,p-DDE and incident type 2 diabetes. As this is the first study to evaluate this association in India, more studies are needed to inform our understanding of the association in this context, including potential routes of exposure

Age at first birth in women is genetically associated with increased risk of schizophrenia

Prof. Paunio on PGC:n jäsenPrevious studies have shown an increased risk for mental health problems in children born to both younger and older parents compared to children of average-aged parents. We previously used a novel design to reveal a latent mechanism of genetic association between schizophrenia and age at first birth in women (AFB). Here, we use independent data from the UK Biobank (N = 38,892) to replicate the finding of an association between predicted genetic risk of schizophrenia and AFB in women, and to estimate the genetic correlation between schizophrenia and AFB in women stratified into younger and older groups. We find evidence for an association between predicted genetic risk of schizophrenia and AFB in women (P-value = 1.12E-05), and we show genetic heterogeneity between younger and older AFB groups (P-value = 3.45E-03). The genetic correlation between schizophrenia and AFB in the younger AFB group is -0.16 (SE = 0.04) while that between schizophrenia and AFB in the older AFB group is 0.14 (SE = 0.08). Our results suggest that early, and perhaps also late, age at first birth in women is associated with increased genetic risk for schizophrenia in the UK Biobank sample. These findings contribute new insights into factors contributing to the complex bio-social risk architecture underpinning the association between parental age and offspring mental health.Peer reviewe

Voxxed Days CERN

Reactive Programming in gaining a lot of excitement. Many libraries, tools, and frameworks are beginning to make use of reactive libraries. Besides, applications dealing with big data or high frequency data can benefit from this programming paradigm. Come to this presentation to learn about what reactive programming is, what kind of problems it solves, how it solves them. We will take an example oriented approach to learning the programming model and the abstraction