Inhalte im Fokus – Mathematische Strategien entwickeln : Tagungsband des AK Grundschule in der GDM 2018

Dieser Tagungsband dokumentiert die Ergebnisse der Jahrestagung des Arbeitskreises Grundschule in der Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik (GDM), die in diesem Jahr wieder in Bad Salzdetfurth stattfand. Vom 09. bis 11. November 2018 widmete sich der Arbeitskreis dem Thema „Inhalte im Fokus – Mathematische Strategien entwickeln“. Mathematische Bildung in der Grundschule ist eine herausfordernde und langfristige Aufgabe für die Unterrichtspraxis sowie die mathematikdidaktische Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeit. Mit Fokus auf die mathematischen Inhaltsbereiche wurde der Themenkomplex ‚Strategien‘ im Rahmen von vier Hauptvorträgen aus verschiedenen Perspektiven beleuchtet und im Plenum diskutiert. Zusätzlich setzten sich acht Arbeitsgruppen mit den Themenfeldern ‚Arithmetik‘, ‚Geometrie‘, ‚Sachrechnen‘, ‚Daten, Häufigkeit und Wahrscheinlichkeit‘, ‚Lehrerfortbildung‘, ‚Kommunikation und Kooperation‘, ‚Lernen, Lehren und Forschen mit digitalen Medien‘ sowie ‚vorschulische Bildung‘ intensiv mit aktuellen Forschungs-und Praxisfragen auseinander. Zentrale Ergebnisse dieser Arbeitsgruppen sind in diesem Band ebenfalls dokumentiert.The Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the Research Group on Primary Mathematics Education (Arbeitskreis Grundschule in der GDM) focus on mathematical content and the development of mathematical strategies in mathematics education in primary school. Four invited talks addressed the main theme in plenum. Additionally, workings groups on the research areas arithmetic, geometry, modelling, data & probability, as well as groups on teacher education, ICT, and last not least early mathematics education offered discussions on current research issues

The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Transactivation properties of parsley proline-rich bZIP transcription factors

Sprenger-Haussels M, Weisshaar B. Transactivation properties of parsley proline-rich bZIP transcription factors. The Plant Journal. 2000;22(1):1-8.Light-responsive chalcone synthase (CHS) gene activation requires LRUCHS, a light regulatory promoter unit including the MYB recognition element MRECHS and the ACGT-containing element ACECHS. ACECHS is bound by the parsley basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) factors CPRF1 and 4. Factors containing the bZIP domain exist in animals, plants and yeast, and recognize DNA sequence-specifically after formation of homo- or heterodimers. To determine the potential role of CPRFs in the regulation of CHS promoter activity, we investigated the functions of distinct CPRF domains in a homologous co-transfection system. The proline-rich domains of CPRF1 and CPRF4 activate transcription, indicating that CPRF1 and CPRF4 have transactivating properties. Over-expression of the CPRF1 bZIP domain caused a reduction of LRUCHS-mediated light inducibility, and point mutations throughout ACECHS affected both responsiveness to UV-containing white light and transactivation by CPRF1:VP16. The data suggest that a CPRF1-containing bZIP heterodimer interacts with ACECHS in vivo. We discuss regulatory steps in light-induced CHS transcription that may be influenced by CPRF1 and/or related bZIP factors

PcMYB1, a novel plant protein containing a DNA-binding domain with one MYB repeat, interacts in vivo with a light-regulatory promoter unit

Feldbrügge M, Sprenger M, Hahlbrock K, Weisshaar B. PcMYB1, a novel plant protein containing a DNA-binding domain with one MYB repeat, interacts in vivo with a light-regulatory promoter unit. The Plant Journal. 1997;11(5):1079-1093.Light regulatory unit 1 (LRU1) is necessary for and sufficient to mediate light-dependent activation of the chalcone synthase (CHS) minimal promoter in Petroselinum crispum. This composite promoter unit consists of at least two distinct cis-acting elements, designated ACECHS and MRECHS, both of which are required for light induction. The ACGT-containing element ACECHS interacts with common plant regulatory factors (CPRFs) which belong to the basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) class of transcription factors. Here, we demonstrate that MRECHS, originally identified as an in vivo DNA footprint, is a MYB recognition element. This element possesses a functional core that is essential for light responsiveness and is specifically recognized by two distantly related MYB-like proteins: MYB305 and the novel factor MYB1 from P. crispum. PcMYB1 was identified by both its specific binding to MRECHS in vitro and recognition of MRECHS in vivo. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed that PcMYB1 contains only one MYB-like repeat. This portion of the protein constitutes the DNA-binding domain. Mutational analysis of PcMYB1 in combination with sequence comparison suggests the presence of a helix-turn-helix structure containing a recognition helix that is sufficient for sequence-specific binding. The structure of this distinct MYB-like DNA-binding domain appears to be conserved in proteins from all three eukaryotic phyla

Functional analysis of a light-responsive plant bZIP transcriptional regulator

Feldbrügge M, Sprenger M, Dinkelbach M, Yazaki K, Harter K, Weisshaar B. Functional analysis of a light-responsive plant bZIP transcriptional regulator. The Plant Cell. 1994;6(11):1607-1621.Common plant regulatory factor 1 (CPRF1) is a parsley basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences containing ACGT cores. Such a sequence is contained within LRU1, the composite light regulatory unit that is necessary and sufficient for light-dependent activity of the parsley chalcone synthase (CHS) promoter. After light treatment of both etiolated and green seedlings, CPRF1 mRNA levels increased prior to CHS mRNA accumulation. The change in CPRF1 mRNA leads to a light-responsive increase in CPRF1 protein. Transient expression analysis in parsley protoplasts using the CPRF1 promoter fused to the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) open reading frame indicated that light-dependent CPRF1 mRNA accumulation was under transcriptional control. The 5' untranslated region of the CPRF1 gene includes a cis-acting nucleotide sequence that contains two ACGT elements at a distance of 12 bp between their palindromic centers. This feature is reminiscent of as-1 and octopine synthase (ocs) elements identified in promoters from plant pathogens. This double ACGT Element element, designated dACECPRF1, stimulated transcription when placed 5' to a heterologous core promoter. CPRF1 bound to dACECPRF1 DNA as well as to the ACGT element from the CHS promoter in vitro. Cotransfection experiments demonstrated that CPRF1 interacts with these elements in vivo and that overexpression of CPRF1 actually reduced light-dependent transcription from the CHS promoter. CPRF1 thus appears to contribute to the regulation of the CPRF1 gene and to interfere with the activities of light-regulated promoters

Pflege weiter denken

Die akademische Fachgesellschaft (AFG) für psychiatrische Pflege der Schweiz ist ein Gremium von aktuell 18 Pflegewissenschaftlerinnen und Pflegewissenschaftlern. Die AFG beschäftigt sich mit der Förderung von Wissensgenerierung, Wissensvermittlung und Wissenstransfer. Die Einflussnahme auf berufs-, gesundheits- und bildungspolitische Entwicklungen sowie die Gestaltung und Entwicklung der psychiatrischen Versorgung ist ebenso ein Anliegen der Gruppe. Weiter engagiert sich die AFG in der Aus- und Weiterbildung der psychiatrischen Pflege und in Fachberatungen zu Fragestellungen aus dem Pflegealltag und deren Spannungsumfeld. In einer kurzen Onlinediskussion haben Mitglieder der AFG sich zur Zukunft der psychiatrischen Pflege ausgetauscht und eine Vision entwickelt