Nobility, kinship and memory in Santa Eufemia de Cozuelos, the first female convent of the Military Order of Santiago

This paper refers to the noble patronage around Santa Eufemia de Cozuelos, the first female house of the Military Order of Santiago since 1186, based in the north of the Kingdom of Castile, during the second half of the thirteenth century. This patronage provided the convent with funerary spaces to perpetuate the memory of some noble Castilian and Leonese families whose members effected important land donations to the monastery, thus assuring prayers for the salvation of their souls. Unlike the vast majority of the many female monastic houses founded in the kingdoms of Castile and León in the Middle Ages, the lack of aristocratic founders, patrons or benefactors in all the female Jacobean convents in Castile and León since their founding until the second half of the thirteenth century, Santa Eufemia among them, is striking. The subject of this paper aims to determine how the Military Order of Santiago managed to attract to its first female house a whole group of noble lineages. The patronage of these noble families along the second half of the thirteenth century provided the Jacobean monastery with the noble prestige that many other Castilian female convents had from their origin and of which Santa Eufemia lacked, and furthermore, also provided the Jacobean convent with the most relevant territorial expansion of its monastic domain, precisely along this same period. A detailed revision of the available source material and bibliography allowed us to put together enough information to follow and verify this process.This paper refers to the noble patronage around Santa Eufemia de Cozuelos, the first female house of the Military Order of Santiago since 1186, based in the north of the Kingdom of Castile, during the second half of the thirteenth century. This patronage provided the convent with funerary spaces to perpetuate the memory of some noble Castilian and Leonese families whose members effected important land donations to the monastery, thus assuring prayers for the salvation of their souls. Unlike the vast majority of the many female monastic houses founded in the kingdoms of Castile and León in the Middle Ages, the lack of aristocratic founders, patrons or benefactors in all the female Jacobean convents in Castile and León since their founding until the second half of the thirteenth century, Santa Eufemia among them, is striking. The subject of this paper aims to determine how the Military Order of Santiago managed to attract to its first female house a whole group of noble lineages. The patronage of these noble families along the second half of the thirteenth century provided the Jacobean monastery with the noble prestige that many other Castilian female convents had from their origin and of which Santa Eufemia lacked, and furthermore, also provided the Jacobean convent with the most relevant territorial expansion of its monastic domain, precisely along this same period. A detailed revision of the available source material and bibliography allowed us to put together enough information to follow and verify this process

Effect of adding photoprotective compounds in the diet of Palaemon macrodactylus and its role under ultraviolet radiation

During the past two decades, it has shown an increase in ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and particularly the UVB (280-315nm) above Earth's surface. There is some evidence that UV-B radiation (280-315 nm) and the shorter wavelengths of UV-A (315-400 nm) can significantly affect the biota in waters up to 20 m deep and have adverse on aquatic organisms such as damage in the genetic material and high mortality. It has been shown that many species of seaweeds synthesize and accumulate high concentrations of photoprotective compounds and may constitute an interesting alternative as a supplement in aquaculture feeds. In the present work the effects of UVR were studied in the animal model Palaemon macrodactylus which is a successful invader, known as the Oriental Shrimp, native to estuaries and coastal waters of the Northwest Pacific. In the south western Atlantic, the species was found in Mar del Plata harbour, Argentina, probably introduced from the Pacific with discharged ballast water The aim of this study was to determine the bioaccumulation of photoprotective compounds (PPC) from diets added with red seaweeds meal of the family Halymeneaceae on juvenile P. macrodactylus and its possible protective role under conditions of stress by UVR. Juveniles of P. macrodactylus collected from Mar del Plata harbour (38° 03′ S; 57° 31′ W) were placed in PVC tanks under controlled conditions of temperature, pH, and salinity, under two feeding treatments: one group with basal diet (B) (45% protein, 8% lipid, 7% water and 7% ash) and the other 2% diet added with red seaweed meal of the family Halymeneaceae (diet B2). After 15 days animals were subjected to two radiations in four treatments, by triplicate: a) Control PAR (400-700nm) and diet B b) PAR+ UVR (280-700nm) and diet B c) PAR and diet B2, d) PAR+ UVR and diet B2. Survival, percentage of weight gain, concentrations of PPC and carotenoids were determined. In treatment b mortality of 16% was recorded after 72 hours of exposition to UVR, while in those fed with the 2% added diet, the same mortality was observed after 120 h of exposure. Survival in the treatments (a, c) was 100%. At the end of the exposure radiation period, percentage of weight gain was higher in animals fed with diet B (77%) nevertheless concentration of PPC and carotenoids (determined as OD g tissue-1) recorded the highest values in the animals corresponding to treatment c (PPC: 1.9 ± 0.38 DO g-1; carotenoids: 0.48 ± 0.1 OD g-1). although there were no significant differences between other treatments. These results suggest that, a diet added with red seaweeds rich in photoprotective compounds constitutes and interesting alternative, not only for its contribution to a better physiological state of animals under stress conditions by UVR, but also for the particularity of being invasive species with potential commercial use

Selenium levels in soil, grass and sheep: Inf luence of Se supplementation on the IgG concentration in pregnant ewes and lambs

El efecto que genera la def iciencia de Selenio (Se) en el suelo y en los forrajes sobre los rendimientos de la producción ovina justif ica el análisis de los niveles de este microelemento en el suelo, pasto y ovejas en diferentes regiones del Estado de México a partir de la evaluación de la actividad enzimática de GHS‑Px y de la inf luencia del suplemento de Se sobre la concentración de IgG en ovejas gestantes y corderos. Los resultados evidencian que los suelos y forrajes mexiquenses presentan def iciencias de Se en niveles de ±0.02 y 0.03±0.12 mg kg-1, respectivamente. Los niveles de Se y la actividad GSH-Px promedio en sangre de ovinos sometidos solo a pastoreo, fueron igualmente def icientes con valores de 0.02 ± 0.04 mg kg-1 y 51.54 ± 24.55 U g-1 Hb. Se observaron valores de GSH‑Px estadísticamente signif icativos entre los grupos de diferentes regiones y razas de ovejas, siendo mayor en ovinos criollos respecto a Suf folk (P < 0.05). No hubo diferencias estadísticas signif icativas en los valores de Se en suelo y pasto, de acuerdo con el tipo de suelo, pH, contenido de materia orgánica o etapas de mayor precipitación pluvial. El suplemento de selenito de sodio a razón de 5 mg mL-1 x 100 kilogramos de peso en ovejas gestantes permitió identif icar diferencias estadísticas signif icativas (P < 0.01) en los niveles de Se de los animales tratados en relación con el control negativo, pero suf icientes para que los animales suplementados alcanzaran de manera constante los niveles recomendados de este elemento. Los niveles de IgG aumentaron en animales suplementados con Se pero no se observaron diferencias estadísticas entre grupos. Por lo anterior, se deduce que él Se constituye un nutriente importante en la ovinocultura por lo que se les deben administrar dosis adecuadas a los rebaños para mejorar la productividad en las unidades productivas mexiquense

The true identity of the new world iguanid lizard liolaemus chillanensis Müller and Hellmich 1932 (Iguania: Liolaemidae) and description of a new species in the liolaemus elongatus group

Liolaemus is a particularly species-rich radiation of New World iguanid lizards from southern South America. Thanks to intense systematic and taxonomic research, the knowledge on its species-level diversity has increased rapidly over the past several years. The L. elongatus species-complex has received considerable attention and a remarkable case is Liolaemus chillanensis, a name that has been used for two different species that are sympatric in Termas de Chillán, central Chile. Since the holotype is lost, we propose that the first step to identify the true L. chillanensis is through the analysis of the original description. Then we provide a morphological and molecular characterization of L. chillanensis based on topotypes and a description of the taxon previously confused with it.Fil: Troncoso Palacios, Jaime. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Esquerré, Damien. The Australian National University; AustraliaFil: Urra, Félix A.. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Díaz, Hugo A.. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Castro Pastene, Carlos. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Ruiz, Maria Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; Argentin

Estudi sobre les hores més conflictives en un institut de secundària

Aquest Treball Final de Màster analitza la conflictivitat existent a les aules d'un institut de secundària. S'ha fet un estudi, amb dades reals de dos centres, sobre les incidències produïdes segons tres paràmetres que són la franja horària o hora lectiva, el curs i la matèria. Aquestes dades s'han representat i analitzat mitjançant taules i gràfics per poder fer una comparació. Els resultats obtinguts en els dos centres són sorprenentment coincidents pel que fa a conflictivitat per cursos i franges horàries, que es concentra al primer cicle i a la segona franja horària. Les diferències són una mica més grans pel que fa referència a les assignatures. Un cop identificada la franja horària més conflictiva del dia, s'ha dissenyat una proposta d'aplicació a l'aula relacionada amb tècniques de relaxació. Per desenvolupar la proposta s'ha fet un estudi de les tècniques existents a l'actualitat

A brief online transdiagnostic measure: Psychometric properties of the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) among Spanish patients with emotional disorders

The Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) is a self-report questionnaire designed to evaluate the severity and functional impairment associated with anxiety. Given its transdiagnostic nature, it can be used indistinctly across anxiety and depressive disorders. In this study, the psychometric properties of the online version of the OASIS were evaluated in a Spanish clinical sample with emotional disorders. Patients (n = 583) with anxiety (n = 250) and depression (n = 333) with a mean age of 37.21 (SD = 12.22), underwent a diagnostic interview and questionnaires assessing anxiety, depression, positive and negative affect, and quality of life. Factorial structure, internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity, cutoff scores, and sensitivity to change were analyzed. Confirmatory Factor Analysis yielded a unidimensional factor structure, consistent with previous validations of the instrument. The analyses showed good internal consistency and adequate convergent and discriminant validity, as well as sensitivity to change. A cutoff score of 7.5 was found to meet the criteria used in this study to select the optimal cutoff point. Overall, in this study, the psychometric properties of the online version of the OASIS were found to be appropriate. The brevity and ease of use of the OASIS support its adequacy as a valid measure of anxiety severity and impairment in Spanish clinical samples with anxiety and depression

¿Qué medimos cuando analizamos el fósforo extractable del suelo?

El manejo de la nutrición de cultivos para una mayor y mejor producción, disminuyendo riesgos ambientales y económicos, contempla entre otros factores conocer los niveles extractables de nutrientes. Para ello, resulta indispensable conocer la dinámica en el suelo del elemento nutriente de interés, para definir la mejor estrategia de muestreo de los sitios de cultivo y el método más adecuado de análisis, tanto para la extracción del elemento como para su determinación.EEA AnguilFil: Iturri, Antonela. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Kloster, Nanci. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Micaela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; ArgentinaFil: Diaz-Zorita, Martín. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentin

Regenerative bioturbation by intertidal burrowing crabs modifies microphytobenthic composition and enhances primary production in SW Atlantic mudflats

In coastal systems, benthic microalgae are important primary producers that significantly contribute to global primary production. Microphytobenthic (MPB) community structure and the ecosystem functions that it mediates are modulated by biotic and abiotic factors. Through burrowing activity, different types of bioturbators can impact MPB in different ways. Through directed sampling and field experiments performed at the Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon (Argentina), we evaluated the effect of regenerative bioturbation (continuous digging and maintenance of burrows, with sediment transfer from depth to surface) by the intertidal burrowing crab Neohelice (Chasmagnatus) granulata on MPB. We compared sediment properties and MPB attributes between natural burrowed and non-burrowed areas. Moreover, we experimentally manipulated regenerative bioturbation to evaluate if MPB composition and primary production are altered by crab burrowing activity. Field sampling showed that MPB and sediment properties differed between natural burrowed and non-burrowed areas. Experimental results indicated that regenerative bioturbation by N. granulata increased sediment oxygen concentration at each measured depth and also changed MPB composition (due to the reduced total abundance of cyanobacteria), but nearly doubled primary production in comparison with plots without bioturbation. Thus, the net effects of regenerative bioturbation were positive for MPB productivity, reinforcing the idea that this kind of bioturbation is an important biological force that enhances primary production in intertidal systems.Fil: Giorgini, Micaela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Miguez, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Esquius, Karina Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Díaz de Astarloa, Clara María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Iribarne, Oscar Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Fanjul, Maria Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Escapa, Carlos Mauricio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

Análisis de la calidad del agua del Arroyo Langueyú, Tandil, Buenos Aires

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo el análisis de la calidad del agua del arroyo Langueyú para determinar el estado de situación y su relación con la gestión de los recursos hídricos superficiales a nivel local. Se tuvieron en cuenta antecedentes hidrológicos regionales. Se efectuaron recorridos siguiendo el cauce del arroyo desde la cuenca alta, al Sur de la ciudad de Tandil incluyendo sus tributarios Blanco y Del Fuerte, hasta la intersección con la Ruta Provincial Nº 30. Se seleccionaron 9 sitios en los que se realizaron muestreos de calidad de agua en el período 2009-2011. Se complementó el estudio con un ensayo ecotoxicológico referido al desarrollo y crecimiento de bulbos de cebolla y de peces. Además, se identificaron los usos del suelo lindantes al cauce y sus afectaciones. Se detectó que los efluentes de impacto en el recurso son en su mayoría las descargas provenientes de las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales de Obras Sanitarias de Tandil (OST) y de las industrias alimenticias. Los resultados revelan un aumento significativo de los parámetros físicoquímicos en agua a partir de la descarga de una de las plantas de OST. Se detectó la inhibición en el crecimiento de las raíces de las cebollas y una disminución en el porcentaje de sobrevivencia en peces en los puntos de descarga. Los resultados microbiológicos y la materia orgánica, medida a través de DBO5 y DQO, denotan el impacto de la descarga cloacal. Se propone a futuro el monitoreo y análisis detallado del agua del arroyo y de los distintos efluentes antrópicos.This work aims to analyze water quality of Langueyú stream, in order to determine its state and relationship with surface water management at local level. Regional previous studies were taken into account. Several itineraries were done along Langueyú stream channel, since the high part of the basin at the south, to the Provincial Route Nº 30 at the north. Two tributary streams were included, called Blanco and Del Fuerte. During the period 2009-2011, water quality sampling was executed in 9 selected places. An ecotoxicological test was done using onion bulbs and fish, in order to evaluate their development and growth. Besides, land uses near the stream and their impacts on water were identified. The main impact on surface water is caused by discharges from waste water treatment plants belonging to Obras Sanitarias Tandil (OST) and by food industries. Results show a significant increasing of physicochemical water parameters starting from one of the treatment plants. Growth inhibition in onions roots and decreasing in survival percentage of fish were detected in discharge points. Microbiological results together with DBO5 y DQO show the impact of waste water discharge. Detailed monitoring and analysis of Langueyú stream water and human discharges is recommended.Fil: Ruiz de Galarreta, Victor Alejandro. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Banda Noriega, Roxana Bettina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Najle, Roberto. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Biologia Celular y Ecotoxicologia; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Corina Iris. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Barranquero, Rosario Soledad. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Díaz, Adriana Alejandra. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Miguel, Roberto Esteban. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Pereyra, Mariana Gisele. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires.Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; ArgentinaFil: Priano, Maria Eugenia. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Fisica Arroyo Seco; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Short–term effects of air pollution and noise on emergency hospital admissions in Madrid and economic assessment

The aim of this study was to study the effect of air pollution and noise has on the population in Madrid Community (MAR) in the period 2013–2018, and its economic impact