Preliminary anticancer evaluation of new Pd(II) complexes bearing NNO donor ligands

In this study we presented a novel series of NNO tridentate ligands generating imino, amido and oxo donor pocket for Pd(II) coordination. All the compounds were meticulously characterized by elemental analysis and advanced spectroscopic techniques, including FTIR, proton and carbon NMR. The synthesized compounds underwent rigorous evaluation for their potential as anti-cancer agents, utilizing the aggressive breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB (ATCC) and MCF-7 as a crucial model for assessing growth inhibition in cancer cells. Remarkably, the MTT assay unveiled the robust anti-cancer activity for all palladium complexes against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Particularly, complex [Pd(L1)(CH3CN)] exhibited exceptional potency with an IC50 value of 25.50 ± 0.30 µM (MDA-MB-231) and 20.76 ± 0.30 µM (MCF-7), compared to respective 27.00 ± 0.80 µM and 24.10 ± 0.80 µM for cisplatin, underscoring its promising therapeutic potential. Furthermore, to elucidate the mechanistic basis for the anti-cancer effects, molecular docking studies on tyrosine kinases, an integral target in cancer research, were carried out. The outcome of these investigations further substantiated the remarkable anticancer properties inherent to these innovative compounds. This research offers a compelling perspective on the development of potent anti-cancer agents rooted in the synergy between ligands and Pd(II) complexes and presenting a promising avenue for future cancer therapy endeavors

Fabrication of CuFe₂O₄/α‑Fe₂O₃ Composite Thin Films on FTO Coated Glass and 3‑D Nanospike Structures for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Recently, photoelectrochemical conversion (PEC) of water into fuel is attracting great attention of researchers due to its outstanding benefits. Herein, a systematic study on PEC of water using CuFe₂O₄/ α–Fe₂O₃ composite thin films is presented. CuFe₂O₄/ α–Fe₂O₃ composite thin films were deposited on two different substrates; (1) planner FTO glass and (2) 3-dimensional nanospike (NSP). The films on both substrates were characterized and tested as anode material for photoelectrochemical water splitting reaction. During PEC studies, it was observed that the ratio between two components of composite is crucial and highest PEC activity results were achieved by 1:1 component ratio (CF-1) of CuFe₂O₄ and α–Fe₂O₃. The CF-1 ratio sample deposited on planar FTO substrate provided a photocurrent density of 1.22 mA/cm² at 1.23 <i>V</i>_RHE which is 1.9 times higher than bare α–Fe₂O₃ sample. A significant PEC activity outperformance was observed when CF-1 ratio composite thin films were deposited on 3D NSP. The highest photocurrent density of 2.26 mA/cm² at 1.23 <i>V</i>_RHE was achieved for 3D NSP sample which is around 3.6 times higher than photocurrent density generated by α–Fe₂O₃ thin film only. The higher photocurrent densities of 3D nanostructured devices compared to planar one are attributed to the enhanced light trapping and increased surface area for photoelectrochemical water oxidation on the surface. The difference between valence and conduction bands of CuFe₂O₄ and α–Fe₂O₃ allows better separation of photogenerated electrons and holes at the CuFe₂O₄/ α–Fe₂O₃ interface which makes it more active for photoelectrochemical water splitting

Spray Pyrolysis Deposition of ZnFe₂O₄/Fe₂O₃ Composite Thin Films on Hierarchical 3‑D Nanospikes for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Oxidation of Water

In this work, we study the role of nanotextured ZnFe₂O₄/Fe₂O₃composite thin films fabricated by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) on the photoelectrochemical water oxidation reactions. The ZnFe₂O₄/Fe₂O₃ composites with different molar ratios are deposited on three-dimensional nanospikes (NSP) substrate, and the results are compared with those for planar devices. It is observed that optical absorption and charge separation due to larger surface area is significantly enhanced in nanotextured photoactive ZnFe₂O₄/Fe₂O₃ films. After characterization of ZnFe₂O₄/Fe₂O₃ composite films with different molar ratios (ZF1, ZF2, and ZF3), we find that the nanotextured ZF1 composite with a molar ratio of 1:1 has the highest activity with photocurrent density of 2.19 mA/cm² in photoelectrochemical oxidation of water. This photocurrent density is 3.4 and 2.73 times higher than the photocurrent density values of pure hematite on planar fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass and the highest reported value of ZnFe₂O₄/Fe₂O₃ composite, respectively. In addition, the results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and photoluminescence (PL) tests indicate lower charge transfer resistance and faster charge extraction for the nanotextured ZnFe₂O₄/Fe₂O₃ composite (ZF1). Overall, our new fabrication process for the ZnFe₂O₄/Fe₂O₃ composite together with the effect of nanostructured substrate shows a better charge separation and enhanced optical absorption, resulting in a highly efficient photoelectrochemical water-splitting device

Nanotextured Spikes of α‑Fe₂O₃/NiFe₂O₄ Composite for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Oxidation of Water

We demonstrate for the first time the application of p-NiFe₂O₄/n-Fe₂O₃ composite thin films as anode materials for light-assisted electrolysis of water. The p-NiFe₂O₄/n-Fe₂O₃ composite thin films were deposited on planar fluorinated tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass as well as on 3D array of nanospike (NSP) substrates. The effect of substrate (planar FTO and 3D-NSP) and percentage change of each component (i.e., NiFe₂O₄ and Fe₂O₃) of composite was studied on photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation reaction. This work also includes the performance comparison of p-NiFe₂O₄/n-Fe₂O₃ composite (planar and NSP) devices with pure hematite for PEC water oxidation. Overall, the nanostructured p-NiFe₂O₄/n-Fe₂O₃ device with equal molar 1:1 ratio of NiFe₂O₄ and Fe₂O₃ was found to be highly efficient for PEC water oxidation as compared with pure hematite, 1:2 and 1:3 molar ratios of composite. The photocurrent density of 1:1 composite thin film on planar substrate was equal to 1.07 mA/cm² at 1.23 V_RHE, which was 1.7 times higher current density as compared with pure hematite device (0.63 mA/cm² at 1.23 V_RHE). The performance of p-NiFe₂O₄/n-Fe₂O₃ composites in PEC water oxidation was further enhanced by their deposition over 3D-NSP substrate. The highest photocurrent density of 2.1 mA/cm² at 1.23 V_RHE was obtained for the 1:1 molar ratio p-NiFe₂O₄/n-Fe₂O₃ composite on NSP (NF1-NSP), which was 3.3 times more photocurrent density than pure hematite. The measured applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE) value of NF1-NSP (0.206%) was found to be 1.87 times higher than that of NF1-P (0.11%) and 4.7 times higher than that of pure hematite deposited on FTO-coated glass (0.044%). The higher PEC water oxidation activity of p-NiFe₂O₄/n-Fe₂O₃ composite thin film as compared with pure hematite is attributed to the Z-path scheme and better separation of electrons and holes. The increased surface area and greater light absorption capabilities of 3D-NSP devices result in further improvement in catalytic activities

All Inorganic Cesium Lead Iodide Perovskite Nanowires with Stabilized Cubic Phase at Room Temperature and Nanowire Array-Based Photodetectors

Alluring optical and electronic properties have made organometallic halide perovskites attractive candidates for optoelectronics. Among all perovskite materials, inorganic CsPbX₃ (X is halide) in black cubic phase has triggered enormous attention recently owing to its comparable photovoltaic performance and high stability as compared to organic and hybrid perovskites. However, cubic phase stabilization at room temperature for CsPbI₃ still survives as a challenge. Herein we report all inorganic three-dimensional vertical CsPbI₃ perovskite nanowires (NWs) synthesized inside anodic alumina membrane (AAM) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. It was discovered that the as-grown NWs have stable cubic phase at room temperature. This significant improvement on phase stability can be attributed to the effective encapsulation of NWs by AAM and large specific area of these NWs. To demonstrate device application of these NWs, photodetectors based on these high density CsPbI₃ NWs were fabricated demonstrating decent performance. Our discovery suggests a novel and practical approach to stabilize the cubic phase of CsPbI₃ material, which will have broad applications for optoelectronics in the visible wavelength range