DIALECT VOCABULARY IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF PRESLAVONIC LEXICAL ITEMS

In the article the effort has been made to give regard to the dialect word-formation for etymological research and particularly for archaic form (having in many cases a relict character) the lexical material hidden in various dialects is very often the only basis for the reconstruction of a given lexical item and considering it as a preslavonic one in view of tis morphological structure and meaning. As material illustrating the correctness of some of the methods of preslavonic reconstruction the author has made use mainly of data from the Croat-Serbian dialects (e. g. celo "the period of time ofabout 12 hours\u27; diirrnan \u27a plant having very strong, stupefying smell; stupefacient; a poisoning plant, Cicuta virosa\u27; dCrzma \u27madness; frenzy; rage, fury; folly; trantrums\u27). In other instances making no doubts as to the preslavonic origin of a given lexem (as in drm \u27turf, grass, a lawn\u27; drt-b \u27torn\u27; dftb \u27teraring, breaking, something which is crumbled, e. g. filings, bran\u27; drtina \u27something broken up, separated from the whole; a piece, a bit\u27 in relation to southslavonic semantic specialization \u27a man who is weak, old, decrepit a weak, awkward animal\u27) it has been pointed out that these continuants have remained in rudimentary form or even absent in the Croat-Serbian dialects and generally in the southslavonic language group

COVID-19-Pandemie: Surveillance und Studien des Robert Koch-Instituts zur Lage- und Maßnahmenbewertung

Als nationales Public-Health-Institut überwacht und analysiert das RKI die Verbreitung übertragbarer und nicht übertragbarer Krankheiten in Deutschland. Im Rahmen der COVID-19-Pandemie wurden die bestehenden Surveillance-Systeme zur Überwachung akuter respiratorischer Atemwegserkrankungen angepasst und erweitert und durch wissenschaftliche Studien ergänzt. Der im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 29/2022 veröffentlichte Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über die in der COVID-19-Pandemie besonders relevanten Informations- und Datenquellen, die der epidemiologischen Lagebewertung sowie der Planung, Durchführung und Bewertung von Präventions- und Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen dienen

Визначний учений у галузі вітчизняної гіроскопії (до 90-річчя з дня народження академіка НАН України В.М. Кошлякова)

Peripheral myelin protein 2 (Pmp2, P2 or Fabp8), a member of the fatty acid binding protein family, was originally described together with myelin basic protein (Mbp or P1) and myelin protein zero (Mpz or P0) as one of the most abundant myelin proteins in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Although Pmp2 is predominantly expressed in myelinated Schwann cells, its role in glia is currently unknown. To study its function in PNS biology, we have generated a complete Pmp2 knockout mouse (Pmp2(-/-) ). Comprehensive characterization of Pmp2(-/-) mice revealed a temporary reduction in their motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV). While this change was not accompanied by any defects in general myelin structure, we detected transitory alterations in the myelin lipid profile of Pmp2(-/-) mice. It was previously proposed that Pmp2 and Mbp have comparable functions in the PNS suggesting that the presence of Mbp can partially mask the Pmp2(-/-) phenotype. Indeed, we found that Mbp lacking Shi(-/-) mice, similar to Pmp2(-/-) animals, have preserved myelin structure and reduced MNCV, but this phenotype was not aggravated in Pmp2(-/-) /Shi(-/-) mutants indicating that Pmp2 and Mbp do not substitute each other's functions in the PNS. These data, together with our observation that Pmp2 binds and transports fatty acids to membranes, uncover a role for Pmp2 in lipid homeostasis of myelinating Schwann cells

A defect of sphingolipid metabolism modifies the properties of normal appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis

Maintaining the appropriate complement and content of lipids in cellular membranes is critical for normal neural function. Accumulating evidence suggests that even subtle perturbations in the lipid content of neurons and myelin can disrupt their function and may contribute to myelin and axonal degradation. In this study, we determined the composition and quantified the content of lipids and sterols in normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and normal appearing grey matter (NAGM) from control and multiple sclerosis brain tissues by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Our results suggest that in active-multiple sclerosis, there is a shift in the lipid composition of NAWM and NAGM to a higher phospholipid and lower sphingolipid content. We found that this disturbance in lipid composition was reduced in NAGM but not in NAWM of inactive-multiple sclerosis. The pattern of disturbance in lipid composition suggests a metabolic defect that causes sphingolipids to be shuttled to phospholipid production. Modelling the biophysical consequence of this change in lipid composition of NAWM indicated an increase in the repulsive force between opposing bilayers that could explain decompaction and disruption of myelin structure

Molecules : Nucleation, aggregation and crystallization: Beyond medical and other implication

Singaporexi, 352 p.: Illus.; 23 cm