Relative Impact Of Transport Infrastructure Investment On Sectoral Growth In Nigeria

Literature on the relationship between infrastructure investment and economic growth revealed divergent of results especially across sample periods and sizes, and model specifications. This study examined the relative impact of transport infrastructure investment on sectoral growth in Nigeria. Ex post facto research design was employed using annual secondary data sourced from CBN, WDI (2016). The investigation of the sectors of the Nigerian economy showed that road transport infrastructure was most significant (= 29.65291, t= 2.69504, p>0.05), with industrial sector productivity (= -0.686874, t=-1.38578, p>0.05) and agricultural sector productivity (=-0.495217, t= -0.73817, p>0.05) not exerting a significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. It was also evident that health sector productivity (= -144.6662, t= [-2.70142, p<0.05) and education sector productivity (= -18.36868, t= -2.74476, p<0.05) exert a significant negative effect on economic growth in Nigeria at 5% level of significance. It was thus concluded that road transport infrastructure does not have a significant effect on sectoral growth in Nigeria. Hence it was recommended that the government should embark on development policies that will aim at strengthening the sub-sector of theeconomy so that it can operate in its full capacity and improve its contribution to economic growth. Literature on the relationship between infrastructure investment and economic growth revealed divergent of results especially across sample periods and sizes, and model specifications. This study examined the relative impact of transport infrastructure investment on sectoral growth in Nigeria. Ex post facto research design was employed using annual secondary data sourced from CBN, WDI (2016). The investigation of the sectors of the Nigerian economy showed that road transport infrastructure was most significant (= 29.65291, t= 2.69504, p>0.05), with industrial sector productivity (= -0.686874, t=-1.38578, p>0.05) and agricultural sector productivity (=-0.495217, t= -0.73817, p>0.05) not exerting a significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. It was also evident that health sector productivity (= -144.6662, t= [-2.70142, p<0.05) and education sector productivity (= -18.36868, t= -2.74476, p<0.05) exert a significant negative effect on economic growth in Nigeria at 5% level of significance. It was thus concluded that road transport infrastructure does not have a significant effect on sectoral growth in Nigeria. Hence it was recommended that the government should embark on development policies that will aim at strengthening the sub-sector of theeconomy so that it can operate in its full capacity and improve its contribution to economic growth. Key words: Road transport infrastructure, Investment, Sectoral growth and Nigeri

Evolución geodinámica de la fosa del Empordà y las Sierras Transversales

The Emporda basin, together with the half graben system of the Sierras Transversales, form a segment of the European Rift, which is defined here by the NW-SE-trending fault system of northeastern Catalonia.The study area, which partially includes the Sierras Transversales and the southem margin of the Emporda basin, is internally structured by normal faults with listric geometry. Those with measured dip slips of about 1,000 meters are here called main faults; those located in the hanging walls of the main ones are called minor faults, and their dip slips are, at least, lesser in one order of magnitude. The hanging walls of the main faults hold half graben basins, with a sedimentary infill mainly neogene in age in the Emporda, and of quaternay age in the Sierras Transversales. Both areas are geologically bounded by the Camós-Celra fault. This rift segment is also characterized by the occurence of numerous volcanic emission centres. The timing of activity and burial of each fault, constrained by the ages of the associated sediments and vulcanism, suggest a piggy-back sequence of propagation from Miocene to recent times. The geological cross-section constructed from surface data, allowed us the elaboration of a geometric model in clepth for the whole fault system, usiug the inclined shear method. The calculated extension from this method gives us a value of B=1.27. On the other han4 the very high calculated magma ascent rates strongiy constrain the structure in the footwall (crust); subsequently, high angle discontinuities favouring a very fast magmatic ascent have to be definied. These discontinuities would form two imbricate systems (extensional duplexes), with a roof detachment coinciding with the floor detachment of the shallow fault system and a floor detachment located in the MOHO discontinuity. A similar crustal structuration is observed in the neighbouring segment of the Gulf of Lions

Marine and Transitional Middle/Upper Eocene Units of the Southeastern Pyrenean Foreland Basin (NE Spain)

The stratigraphic basis of this work has allowed the use of larger foraminifers in the biostratigraphic characterisation of the new Shallow Benthic Zones (SBZ). This part of the volume presents a description of the sedimentary cycles formed by the transgressive-regressive systems of the Lutetian and Bartonian in the southeastern sector of the Ebro Foreland Basin.Concerning the Lutetian deposits studied in the Amer-Vic and Empordà areas, four sedimentary cycles have been characterised. The first and second are found within the Tavertet/Girona Limestone Formation (Reguant,1967;Pallí,1972), while the third and fourth cycles cover the Coll de Malla Marl Formation (Clavell et al.,1970), the Bracons Formation (Gich,1969,1972), the Banyoles Marl Formation (Almela and Ríos,1943),and the Bellmunt Formation (Gich,1969,1972). In the Bartonian deposits studied in the Igualada area,two transgressive-regressive sedimentary cycles have been characterised in the Collbàs Formation (Ferrer,1971),the Igualada Formation (Ferrer,1971),and the Tossa Formation (Ferrer,1971). The Shallow Benthic Zones (SBZs)recognised within the Lutetian are the following:SBZ 13, from the Early Lutetian, in the transgressive system of the first cycle;SBZ 14,from the Middle Lutetian, in the second cycle and the lower part of the transgressive system of the third cycle; SBZ 15,from the Middle Lutetian, in the remaining parts of the third system; SBZ 16, from the Late Lutetian,throughout the fourth cycle.The association of larger foraminifers in the first and second cycles of the Bartonian in the Igualada area has been used as the basis for the definition of SBZs 17 and 18 recognised in the Bartonian of the western Tethys

Evaluation of Intussusception after Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccination in Africa.

Postlicensure evaluations have identified an association between rotavirus vaccination and intussusception in several high- and middle-income countries. We assessed the association between monovalent human rotavirus vaccine and intussusception in lower-income sub-Saharan African countries.Using active surveillance, we enrolled patients from seven countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe) who had intussusception that met international (Brighton Collaboration level 1) criteria. Rotavirus vaccination status was confirmed by review of the vaccine card or clinic records. The risk of intussusception within 1 to 7 days and 8 to 21 days after vaccination among infants 28 to 245 days of age was assessed by means of the self-controlled case-series method.Data on 717 infants who had intussusception and confirmed vaccination status were analyzed. One case occurred in the 1 to 7 days after dose 1, and 6 cases occurred in the 8 to 21 days after dose 1. Five cases and 16 cases occurred in the 1 to 7 days and 8 to 21 days, respectively, after dose 2. The risk of intussusception in the 1 to 7 days after dose 1 was not higher than the background risk of intussusception (relative incidence [i.e., the incidence during the risk window vs. all other times], 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], <0.001 to 1.16); findings were similar for the 1 to 7 days after dose 2 (relative incidence, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.16 to 1.87). In addition, the risk of intussusception in the 8 to 21 days or 1 to 21 days after either dose was not found to be higher than the background risk.The risk of intussusception after administration of monovalent human rotavirus vaccine was not higher than the background risk of intussusception in seven lower-income sub-Saharan African countries. (Funded by the GAVI Alliance through the CDC Foundation.)

Los ciclos sedimentarios del Eoceno medio y superior en el sector NE de la depresión del Ebro (zona de Bergas-Vic). Caracterización de sus Iímites

In the middle and upper Eocene strata of the South Pyrenean foreland basin, three sedimentary cicles have been distinguished. These cycles are bounded by angular uncorfirmities, each cycle being related to the development of a particular thrust system. The stiking of the thrust systems is recorded by rhe angular uncorformities that bound the cycle

Stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of minor thrust sheets containing lutetian sediments in the Sierras Marginales thrust sheet (South Pyrenean Central Unit)

The Sierras Marginales thrust sheet has been subdivided into three groups of minor thrust sheets, according to the features of the pre-lutetian stratigraphic succession, combined also with the features of the lutetian sediments and to its presence or absence. These are, from N to S, the Ager-Montroig, the Sant Salvador-Roca Roja and the Sant Llorenq de Montgai tectonic units. Lutetian sediments deposited in two separated areas, located respectively in the Sant Llorenq de Montgai and Sant Salvador-Roca Roja tectonic units, in shallow carbonate platform and nearshore to fluvial environments. The relationsheeps between thrusts and three conglomerate units that outcrop in the tectonic units above mentioned, suggest that thrusts moved in an overstep thrusting sequenc

Stratigraphy of the Montgrí Massif

The creiaceous carbonates forming the Montgri massif (Berriasian ? to Santonian) were deposited in the southern, marginal areas of the basin. As they sedimented in shallow platform environments, they were very sensible to sea-level changes. Thus, the section is divided into seven allostratigraphic units (NASC, 1 983), numbered from 1 (o 7. Some of their bounding discontinuities include erosion with subaerial exposure (lower boundaries of the units 2, 4, 5 and 7), paleokarst (2 and 4) and lateritic-soil developments (lower boundary of the unit 2). The units numbered 2, 4 and 6 respectively show onlap relationships over truncated underlying strata, and the lower boundary of the unit number 7 is a disconformity. The unit number 3 is bounded by a discontinuity recording a non-depositional event, and the bottom of the unit 5 is a condensed section. The units 2 (Aptian) and 6 (Coniacian to Santonian I) record the activity of exlensional faulting along two structures known in outcrop; one of them can be observed in its original shape, and the other was inverted during the alpine compression. The uppermost strata in the unit 2 and the unit 7, respectively postdate these extensional structure

The Geological Map of Catalonia at 1:25.000 scale

The sheets of the “Mapa Geoldgic de Catalunya 1:25.000" are conceived as selfsufficient documents. Thus, full information for the correct interpretation of the geological data must be included in the sheet. The elements forming the sheets are: 1: Cover, 2: Geological map, 3 : Legend of cartographyc units, 4: Symbols, 5 : Cross-sections, 6: Litho -stratigraphyc logs, 7: Sketch of stratigraphyc relationship s, 8: Stereographyc diagrams, 9: Sketch of tectonic, metamorphyc and igneous processes, 10: Geological sketch 1:100.000 and 11: Authors