934 research outputs found
Lesiones de partes blandas por fricción
La lesión por fricción es una lesión de partes blandas que dentro de su rareza se encuentra más frecuentemente en el contexto de los accidentes de tráfico. Las fuerzas tangenciales se transmiten des del asfalto, ruedas de los vehículos a tejido celular subcutáneo conduciendo a un gran deslizamiento del mismo sobre la fascia muscular. El movimiento anormal provoca la rotura de vasos linfáticos y vasculares conduciendo una colección serohemática. Las situaciones más frecuentemente encontrada son aquellas las cuales contienen masas musculares grandes. Normalmente es una lesión de larga evolución e infradiagnosticada en sus estados iniciales. Se presenta como una tumoración fría, dolorosa e incapacitante con piel adyacente intacta o con petequías. Se diagnostica con exploración física y pruebas complementarias, como ecografía.
El tratamiento teniendo en cuenta diferentes ítems puede consistir en medida conservadoras o llegar a procedimientos quirúrgicos. En la literatura no se pone de manifiesto variabilidad en los resultados de diferentes procedimientos terapéuticos.Injury by friction is an injury of soft parts that although not frequent it is not unusual in the context of the traffic accidents. The tangential forces are transmitted from the asphalt and the wheels of the vehicles to the cellular subcutaneous fabric, producing a big sliding on the muscular fascia. The abnormal movement breaks the lymphatic and vascular glasses leading to a serohematic collection. The most usual situations are that ones which contain muscular big masses. Normally it is an injury of long evolution and infradiagnosticated in its initial conditions. The skin appears as a cold, painful tumor and disabling with adjacent skin intact or with petechiae. It is diagnosed by physical exploration and with additional tests, like ultrasound scan.
The treatment, considering different items, can consist on conservative measures or even surgical procedures. In the literature variability is not revealed in the results of different therapeutic procedures.Peer ReviewedAward-winnin
MASSIV: Mass Assembly Survey with SINFONI in VVDS. V. The major merger rate of star-forming galaxies at 0.9 < z < 1.8 from IFS-based close pairs
We aim to measure the major merger rate of star-forming galaxies at 0.9 < z
<1.8, using close pairs identified from integral field spectroscopy (IFS). We
use the velocity field maps obtained with SINFONI/VLT on the MASSIV sample,
selected from the star-forming population in the VVDS. We identify physical
pairs of galaxies from the measurement of the relative velocity and the
projected separation (r_p) of the galaxies in the pair. Using the well
constrained selection function of the MASSIV sample we derive the gas-rich
major merger fraction (luminosity ratio mu = L_2/L_1 >= 1/4), and, using merger
time scales from cosmological simulations, the gas-rich major merger rate at a
mean redshift up to z = 1.54. We find a high gas-rich major merger fraction of
20.8+15.2-6.8 %, 20.1+8.0-5.1 % and 22.0+13.7-7.3 % for close pairs with r_p <=
20h^-1 kpc in redshift ranges z = [0.94, 1.06], [1.2, 1.5) and [1.5, 1.8),
respectively. This translates into a gas-rich major merger rate of
0.116+0.084-0.038 Gyr^-1, 0.147+0.058-0.037 Gyr^-1 and 0.127+0.079-0.042 Gyr^-1
at z = 1.03, 1.32 and 1.54, respectively. Combining our results with previous
studies at z < 1, the gas-rich major merger rate evolves as (1+z)^n, with n =
3.95 +- 0.12, up to z = 1.5. From these results we infer that ~35% of the
star-forming galaxies with stellar masses M = 10^10 - 10^10.5 M_Sun have
undergone a major merger since z ~ 1.5. We develop a simple model which shows
that, assuming that all gas-rich major mergers lead to early-type galaxies, the
combined effect of gas-rich and dry mergers is able to explain most of the
evolution in the number density of massive early-type galaxies since z ~ 1.5,
with our measured gas-rich merger rate accounting for about two-thirds of this
evolution.Comment: Published in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 24 pages, 30 figures, 2
tables. Appendix with the residual images from GALFIT added. Minor changes
with respect to the initial versio
The genetic contribution of the NO system at the glutamatergic post-synapse to schizophrenia : further evidence and meta-analysis
NO is a pleiotropic signaling molecule and has an important role in cognition and emotion. In the brain, NO is produced by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS-I, encoded by NOS1) coupled to the NMDA receptor via PDZ. interactions; this protein-protein interaction is disrupted upon binding of NOS1 adapter protein (encoded by NOS1AP) to NOS-I. As both NOS1 and NOS1AP were associated with schizophrenia, we here investigated these genes in greater detail by genotyping new samples and conducting a meta-analysis of our own and published data. In doing so, we confirmed association of both genes with schizophrenia and found evidence for their interaction in increasing risk towards disease. Our strongest finding was the NOS1 promoter SNP rs41279104, yielding an odds ratio of 1.29 in the meta-analysis. As findings from heterologous cell systems have suggested that the risk allele decreases gene expression, we studied the effect of the variant on NOS1 expression in human post-mortem brain samples and found that the risk allele significantly decreases expression of NOS1 in the prefrontal cortex. Bioinformatic analyses suggest that this might be due the replacement of six transcription factor binding sites by two new binding sites as a consequence of proxy SNPs. Taken together, our data argue that genetic variance in NOS1 resulting in lower prefrontal brain expression of this gene contributes to schizophrenia liability, and that NOS1 interacts with NOS1AP in doing so. The NOS1-NOS1AP PDZ interface may thus well constitute a novel target for small molecules in at least some forms of schizophrenia. PostprintPeer reviewe
Thermal diagnostic of the Optical Window on board LISA Pathfinder
Vacuum conditions inside the LTP Gravitational Reference Sensor must comply
with rather demanding requirements. The Optical Window (OW) is an interface
which seals the vacuum enclosure and, at the same time, lets the laser beam go
through for interferometric Metrology with the test masses. The OW is a
plane-parallel plate clamped in a Titanium flange, and is considerably
sensitive to thermal and stress fluctuations. It is critical for the required
precision measurements, hence its temperature will be carefully monitored in
flight. This paper reports on the results of a series of OW characterisation
laboratory runs, intended to study its response to selected thermal signals, as
well as their fit to numerical models, and the meaning of the latter. We find
that a single pole ARMA transfer function provides a consistent approximation
to the OW response to thermal excitations, and derive a relationship with the
physical processes taking place in the OW. We also show how system noise
reduction can be accomplished by means of that transfer function.Comment: 20 pages, 14 figures; accepted for publication in Class. Quantum Gra
MASSIV: Mass Assembly Survey with SINFONI in VVDS. VI. Metallicity-related fundamental relations in star-forming galaxies at
The MASSIV (Mass Assembly Survey with SINFONI in VVDS) project aims at
finding constraints on the different processes involved in galaxy evolution.
This study proposes to improve the understanding of the galaxy mass assembly
through chemical evolution using the metallicity as a tracer of the star
formation and interaction history. Methods. We analyse the full sample of
MASSIV galaxies for which a metallicity estimate has been possible, that is 48
star-forming galaxies at , and compute the integrated values of
some fundamental parameters, such as the stellar mass, the metallicity and the
star formation rate (SFR). The sample of star-forming galaxies at similar
redshift from zCOSMOS (P\'erez-Montero et al. 2013) is also combined with the
MASSIV sample. We study the cosmic evolution of the mass-metallicty relation
(MZR) together with the effect of close environment and galaxy kinematics on
this relation. We then focus on the so-called fundamental metallicity relation
(FMR) proposed by Mannucci et al. (2010) and other relations between stellar
mass, SFR and metallicity as studied by Lara-L\'opez et al. (2010). We
investigate if these relations are really fundamental, i.e. if they do not
evolve with redshift. Results. The MASSIV galaxies follow the expected
mass-metallicity relation for their median redshift. We find however a
significant difference between isolated and interacting galaxies as found for
local galaxies: interacting galaxies tend to have a lower metallicity. The
study of the relation between stellar mass, SFR and metallicity gives such
large scattering for our sample, even combined with zCOSMOS, that it is
diffcult to confirm or deny the existence of a fundamental relation
The natural science of cosmology
The network of cosmological tests is tight enough now to show that the
relativistic Big Bang cosmology is a good approximation to what happened as the
universe expanded and cooled through light element production and evolved to
the present. I explain why I reach this conclusion, comment on the varieties of
philosophies informing searches for a still better cosmology, and offer an
example for further study, the curious tendency of some classes of galaxies to
behave as island universes.Comment: Keynote lecture at the seventh International Conference on
Gravitation and Cosmology, Goa India, December 201
Incorporation of waste orange peels extracts into PLA films
An important and hot-topic field in food packaging is the development of innovative active packaging, based on the incorporation of specific components, such as antioxidant and/or antimicrobial agents, able to modify the internal atmosphere or to be absorbed directly by the food, in order to prolong the product shelf-life. However, due to the increasing concerns of consumers about the plastics and the presence of synthetic chemical compounds in consumer goods, as well as, the importance of increasing environmental sustainability of the materials, has encouraged novel developments. This study is focused on the development of innovative, biodegradable and sustainable PLA-based active packaging solutions with the incorporation of natural antioxidant compounds recovered from agri-food wastes. An antioxidant extract was recovered through hydro-alcoholic extraction from waste orange peels, purified by resin absorption process and formulated as freeze-dried extract or spray-dried with pectin or cyclodextrins as carrier material. These three different formulations were incorporated into PLA films at different concentrations to investigate the influence of extract addition on polymer thermal stability and on colour and mechanical properties of films under accelerated light storage conditions
The ALHAMBRA survey: An empirical estimation of the cosmic variance for merger fraction studies based on close pairs
Aims. Our goal is to estimate empirically the cosmic variance that affects merger fraction studies based on close pairs for the first time.
Methods. We compute the merger fraction from photometric redshift close pairs with 10 h-1 kpc ≤ rp ≤ 50 h-1 kpc and Δv ≤ 500 km s-1 and measure it in the 48 sub-fields of the ALHAMBRA survey. We study the distribution of the measured merger fractions that follow a log-normal function and estimate the cosmic variance σv as the intrinsic dispersion of the observed distribution. We develop a maximum likelihood estimator to measure a reliable σv and avoid the dispersion due to the observational errors (including the Poisson shot noise term).
Results. The cosmic variance σv of the merger fraction depends mainly on (i) the number density of the populations under study for both the principal (n1) and the companion (n2) galaxy in the close pair and (ii) the probed cosmic volume Vc. We do not find a significant dependence on either the search radius used to define close companions, the redshift, or the physical selection (luminosity or stellar mass) of the samples.
Conclusions. We have estimated the cosmic variance that affects the measurement of the merger fraction by close pairs from observations. We provide a parametrisation of the cosmic variance with n1, n2, and Vc, σv ∝ n1-0.54Vc-0.48 (n_2/n_1)-0.37 . Thanks to this prescription, future merger fraction studies based on close pairs could properly account for the cosmic variance on their results
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