Urban cartographies: the graphic representation of the conflict in public spaces

[EN] Contemporaneousness has represented, in different formats, situations that are socially unstable and capable of transforming urban public spaces. The 20th century, since its beginnings, has been proof of that, generating documents of irregular technical quality but of undoubted interest. Those who have elaborated them have participated, sometimes individually and in some other times as a collective, creating planimetries that contribute to the understanding of conflictive situations in present-day Europe. This context has brought about a renewed reading and a generation of maps that reflect these sociopolitical upheavals. Faced with plans of a precise nature and with an eagerness to record reality, in the face of propositional documents that reflect the planned evolution of populations and territories, we present some cartographies that, simultaneously, contemplate unforeseen transformations of the existing city, ephemeral, while establishing future developments of uncertain materialization. It is a unique set of documents that concentrate layers of cartographic and social information transcendent for our time.[ES] La contemporaneidad ha representado, en diferentes formatos, situaciones socialmente inestables y capaces de transformar los espacios públicos urbanos. El siglo xxi, en sus inicios, ha dado muestras de lo anterior, generando documentos de calidad técnica irregular pero de indudable interés. Quienes los han elaborado han participado, en ocasiones de manera individual y en otras como colectivo, creando unas planimetrías que contribuyen al entendimiento de situaciones conflictivas en la Europa actual. Este contexto ha hecho que se produzca una renovada lectura y generación de mapas que reflejan estas convulsiones sociopolíticas. Frente a planos de carácter preciso y con afán de registro de la realidad, frente a documentos propositivos que recogen la evolución planificada en el tiempo de poblaciones y territorios, presentamos unas cartografías que, simultáneamente, contemplan transformaciones imprevistas de la ciudad existente, de carácter efímero, al tiempo que establecen desarrollos futuros de incierta materialización. Es un conjunto singular de documentos que concentran capas de información cartográfica y social trascendentes para nuestra época.Moral Andrés, F.; Merino Gómez, E. (2018). Cartografías urbanas: la representación gráfica del conflicto en los espacios públicos. EGA. Revista de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. 23(32):262-273. doi:10.4995/ega.2018.7973SWORD2622732332Debord, G., 2010. La sociedad del espectáculo. Valencia: Pre-textos.Perniola, M. 2010. Los situacionistas. Historia crítica de la última vanguardia del siglo xx. Madrid: Acuarela - Machado GrupoStamps, L., Stokvis, W. et al. 2015. Constant. Nueva Babilonia. Madrid: Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofí

Sobre el mapa: estrategias de gestión de la información en la cartografía actual

El mapa se ha transformado en el soporte ideal sobre el que gestionar múltiples las capas de información que afectan al territorio. Históricamente, las estrategias gráficas empleadas para la representación y comunicación de toda esa información, merece nuestra consideración en la medida en la que pueden extrapolarse estrategias proyectuales aplicables sobre el territorio. Tomando como punto de partida una serie de cartografías que, a lo largo de los años, han supuesto un avance en materia de comunicación gráfica, se hace un repaso de la contribución cultural que supone este soporte. Desde unos inicios que evidencian un tránsito desde el espacio topológico al de representación cartesiana, pasando por la búsqueda de herramientas de gestión gráfica de elementos cambiantes, así como la incorporación del Big Data en cartografías más próximas al diagrama que al mapa tradicional, podemos observar una necesaria confluencia de todos esos niveles de información. Todos estos recursos, sirven en la actualidad a los arquitectos y urbanistas, como punto de partida que permite no solo representar los aspectos más intangibles del proyecto, sino también explorar nuevas formas de comunicación multidimensional. En definitiva, nos otorga la capacidad de cartografiar no solo lo real, también lo imaginado

CSVS, a crowdsourcing database of the Spanish population genetic variability

The knowledge of the genetic variability of the local population is of utmost importance in personalized medicine and has been revealed as a critical factor for the discovery of new disease variants. Here, we present the Collaborative Spanish Variability Server (CSVS), which currently contains more than 2000 genomes and exomes of unrelated Spanish individuals. This database has been generated in a collaborative crowdsourcing effort collecting sequencing data produced by local genomic projects and for other purposes. Sequences have been grouped by ICD10 upper categories. A web interface allows querying the database removing one or more ICD10 categories. In this way, aggregated counts of allele frequencies of the pseudo-control Spanish population can be obtained for diseases belonging to the category removed. Interestingly, in addition to pseudo-control studies, some population studies can be made, as, for example, prevalence of pharmacogenomic variants, etc. In addition, this genomic data has been used to define the first Spanish Genome Reference Panel (SGRP1.0) for imputation. This is the first local repository of variability entirely produced by a crowdsourcing effort and constitutes an example for future initiatives to characterize local variabilityworldwide. CSVS is also part of the GA4GH Beacon network.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness SAF2017-88908-R PT17/0009/0006 PI19/00321 CIBERER ACCI-06/07/0036 PI14-948 PI171659Regional Government of Madrid, RAREGenomicsCM B2017/BMD3721 B2017/BMD-3721European Union (EU)European Union (EU) 676559University Chair UAM-IIS-FJD of Genomic MedicineRamon Areces Foundatio

Street Art in Naples in the territory of the 8th Municipality

The subject of study is developed in multidisciplinary form. From the point of view of graphics analysis and expression, the languages and techniques of putting murals in the Neapolitan suburbs will be examined. The intent is to study: the relationship between surfaces and volumes; shape and the image displayed to highlight its geometric representation methodologies; the aesthetic languages used by street artists in relation to the poetics of urban regeneration. From the point of view of urban economics, it is particularly interesting to check the different impacts that street art is having in these realities (as for example, in New York or London, where the impacts also on the real estate market has long been verified), where urban regeneration processes find in this new form of graphic communication a mode of intervention in the pursuing of physical, social and economic sustainability, in alternative to the public administration intervention (still too inert). In this perspective the contribution analyzes what is happening in some western and eastern peripheral districts of Naples with particular reference to the Ponticelli and Scampia-Marianella districts (8th Municipality)

Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in multiple system atrophy: A cross-sectional Catalan MSA registry study

Introduction: Neuroinflammation is a potential player in neurodegenerative conditions, particularly the aggressive ones, such as multiple system atrophy (MSA). Previous reports on cytokine levels in MSA using serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been inconsistent, including small samples and a limited number of cytokines, often without comparison to Parkinson's disease (PD), a main MSA differential diagnosis. Methods: Cross-sectional study of CSF levels of 38 cytokines using a multiplex assay in 73 participants: 39 MSA patients (19 with parkinsonian type [MSAp], 20 with cerebellar type [MSAc]; 31 probable, 8 possible), 19 PD patients and 15 neurologically unimpaired controls. None of the participants was under non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at the time of the lumbar puncture. Results: There were not significant differences in sex and age among participants. In global non-parametric comparisons FDR-corrected for multiple comparisons, CSF levels of 5 cytokines (FGF-2, IL-10, MCP-3, IL-12p40, MDC) differed among the three groups. In pair-wise FDR-corrected non-parametric comparisons 12 cytokines (FGF-2, eotaxin, fractalkine, IFN-α2, IL-10, MCP-3, IL-12p40, MDC, IL-17, IL-7, MIP-1β, TNF-α) were significantly higher in MSA vs. non-MSA cases (PD + controls pooled together). Of these, MCP-3 and MDC were the most significant ones, also differed in MSA vs. PD, and were significant MSA-predictors in binary logistic regression models and ROC curves adjusted for age. CSF levels of fractalkine and MIP-1α showed a strong and significant positive correlation with UMSARS-2 scores. Conclusion: Increased CSF levels of cytokines such as MCP-3, MDC, fractalkine and MIP-1α deserve consideration as potential diagnostic or severity biomarkers of MSA

CSVS, a crowdsourcing database of the Spanish population genetic variability

The knowledge of the genetic variability of the local population is of utmost importance in personalized medicine and has been revealed as a critical factor for the discovery of new disease variants. Here, we present the Collaborative Spanish Variability Server (CSVS), which currently contains more than 2000 genomes and exomes of unrelated Spanish individuals. This database has been generated in a collaborative crowdsourcing effort collecting sequencing data produced by local genomic projects and for other purposes. Sequences have been grouped by ICD10 upper categories. A web interface allows querying the database removing one or more ICD10 categories. In this way, aggregated counts of allele frequencies of the pseudo-control Spanish population can be obtained for diseases belonging to the category removed. Interestingly, in addition to pseudo-control studies, some population studies can be made, as, for example, prevalence of pharmacogenomic variants, etc. In addition, this genomic data has been used to define the first Spanish Genome Reference Panel (SGRP1.0) for imputation. This is the first local repository of variability entirely produced by a crowdsourcing effort and constitutes an example for future initiatives to characterize local variability worldwide. CSVS is also part of the GA4GH Beacon network. CSVS can be accessed at: http://csvs.babelomics.org/

Clinical and genetic characteristics of late-onset Huntington's disease

Background: The frequency of late-onset Huntington's disease (>59 years) is assumed to be low and the clinical course milder. However, previous literature on late-onset disease is scarce and inconclusive. Objective: Our aim is to study clinical characteristics of late-onset compared to common-onset HD patients in a large cohort of HD patients from the Registry database. Methods: Participants with late- and common-onset (30–50 years)were compared for first clinical symptoms, disease progression, CAG repeat size and family history. Participants with a missing CAG repeat size, a repeat size of ≤35 or a UHDRS motor score of ≤5 were excluded. Results: Of 6007 eligible participants, 687 had late-onset (11.4%) and 3216 (53.5%) common-onset HD. Late-onset (n = 577) had significantly more gait and balance problems as first symptom compared to common-onset (n = 2408) (P <.001). Overall motor and cognitive performance (P <.001) were worse, however only disease motor progression was slower (coefficient, −0.58; SE 0.16; P <.001) compared to the common-onset group. Repeat size was significantly lower in the late-onset (n = 40.8; SD 1.6) compared to common-onset (n = 44.4; SD 2.8) (P <.001). Fewer late-onset patients (n = 451) had a positive family history compared to common-onset (n = 2940) (P <.001). Conclusions: Late-onset patients present more frequently with gait and balance problems as first symptom, and disease progression is not milder compared to common-onset HD patients apart from motor progression. The family history is likely to be negative, which might make diagnosing HD more difficult in this population. However, the balance and gait problems might be helpful in diagnosing HD in elderly patients