An exact minimum variance filter for a class of discrete time systems with random parameter perturbations

An exact, closed-form minimum variance filter is designed for a class of discrete time uncertain systems which allows for both multiplicative and additive noise sources. The multiplicative noise model includes a popular class of models (Cox-Ingersoll-Ross type models) in econometrics. The parameters of the system under consideration which describe the state transition are assumed to be subject to stochastic uncertainties. The problem addressed is the design of a filter that minimizes the trace of the estimation error variance. Sensitivity of the new filter to the size of parameter uncertainty, in terms of the variance of parameter perturbations, is also considered. We refer to the new filter as the 'perturbed Kalman filter' (PKF) since it reduces to the traditional (or unperturbed) Kalman filter as the size of stochastic perturbation approaches zero. We also consider a related approximate filtering heuristic for univariate time series and we refer to filter based on this heuristic as approximate perturbed Kalman filter (APKF). We test the performance of our new filters on three simulated numerical examples and compare the results with unperturbed Kalman filter that ignores the uncertainty in the transition equation. Through numerical examples, PKF and APKF are shown to outperform the traditional (or unperturbed) Kalman filter in terms of the size of the estimation error when stochastic uncertainties are present, even when the size of stochastic uncertainty is inaccurately identified

O Impacto da Comunicação do Banco Central do Brasil sobre o Mercado Financeiro

In inflation targeting regimes, the transparent communication of monetary policy is an important instrument to reduce uncertainties and coordinate market expectations. This paper examines how the financial market reacts to the Central Bank of Brazil communication and shows that there is significant reduction in the volatility of future interest rates after the release of the minutes of the Monetary Policy Committee (COPOM) and the Inflation Report. On the other hand, these forms of communication do not significantly affect the slope of the yield curve, the exchange rate and the stock market index (Ibovespa).

Influence of crown design and material on chipping-resistance of all-ceramic molar crowns: An in vitro study

© 2018 by Wroclaw Medical University and Polish Dental Society. Background. All-ceramic restorations have become popular and the trend is ongoing. However, the incidence of chipping within the veneering layer has been a commonly reported failure in clinical practice. Objectives. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of ceramic crown design (monolithic vs bi-layered) and material on the chipping resistance of molar crowns submitted to compressive cyclic loading. Material and methods. Fifty identical epoxy resin replicas of a mandibular first molar with crown preparation were divided into 5 groups (n = 10) as follows: the MLD group – monolithic CAD/CAM lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic (LDGC) crowns; 30 zirconia cores were veneered with either feldspathic porcelain by hand-lay-ering technique (ZHL) or by heat-pressing technique (ZVP), or with milled LDGC veneers and subsequently fused to the cores (ZLD); 10 porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns acted as a control group. All crowns were cemented using Panavia® F2.0 resin cement (Kuraray Dental, Tokyo, Japan). After storage in water at 37°C for 1 week, the specimens were subjected to compressive cyclic loading at the mesiobuccal cusp which was tilted at 30°. A load cycle of 50–450 N was used and specimens were maintained in an aqueous environment throughout 500,000 cycles in a universal testing machine (Instron, Norwood, USA). The data was statistically analyzed at 5% significant level with Fisher’s exact test and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results. Significant differences in survival rates of the specimens used in the groups (p \u3c 0.001) were found. Specimens of the PFM, ZHL and ZVP groups underwent failures at different stages of the 500,000 fatigue cycles, while specimens of the MLD and ZLD groups survived the entire fatigue test. ZHL and ZVP crowns had the worst chipping-resistance, while PFM crowns performed slightly better. The Kaplan-Meier test revealed significantly higher survival rates for the MLD and ZLD specimens compared to the other 3 groups. Conclusions. The use of LDGC as a monolithic molar crown and as a veneer over a zirconia core resulted in superior resistance to cuspal chipping

Nova abordagem para o estudo das paleofloras utilizando sistemas de informação geográfica aplicada a Flora Glossopteris

FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOThis paper introduces a methodology which makes possible the visualization of the spatial distribution of plant fossils and applies it to the occurrences of the Gondwana Floristic Province present on the eastern border of the Brazilian portion of the Paraná Basin during the Neopaleozoic. This province was chosen due to the existence of a large number of publications referring to their occurrence, so that a meta-analysis of their distribution could be based on ample information. The first step was the construction of a composite database including geographical location, geology, and the botanical systematics of each relevant fossil. The geographical locations were then georeferenced for translation into various maps showing various aspects of the distribution of the fossils. The spatial distribution of the fossil-housing outcrops shows that these are distributed along the area of deposition studied. Although some genera persisted for long periods of time, others lasted for only short intervals. As time passed, the fossil composition underwent a gradual change from the Late Carboniferous (Itararé Group) to the Late Permian (Rio do Rasto Formation), with the number of genera represented decreasing from 45 in the Itararé Group to 11 in the Rio do Rasto Formation.This paper introduces a methodology which makes possible the visualization of the spatial distribution of plant fossils and applies it to the occurrences of the Gondwana Floristic Province present on the eastern border of the Brazilian portion of the Paraná Basin during the Neopaleozoic. This province was chosen due to the existence of a large number of publications referring to their occurrence, so that a meta-analysis of their distribution could be based on ample information. The first step was the construction of a composite database including geographical location, geology, and the botanical systematics of each relevant fossil. The geographical locations were then georeferenced for translation into various maps showing various aspects of the distribution of the fossils. The spatial distribution of the fossil-housing outcrops shows that these are distributed along the area of deposition studied. Although some genera persisted for long periods of time, others lasted for only short intervals. As time passed, the fossil composition underwent a gradual change from the Late Carboniferous (Itararé Group) to the Late Permian (Rio do Rasto Formation), with the number of genera represented decreasing from 45 in the Itararé Group to 11 in the Rio do Rasto Formation444681689FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO2009/04418-4; 2009/10547-1sem informaçãoAzcuy, C.B.A., Beri, A., Bernardes De Oliveira, M.E.C., Carrizo, H.A., Di Pasquo, M., Saraiva, P.D., Gonzales, C., Iannuzzi, R., Lemos, V.B., Melo, J.H.G., Pagani, A., Vergel, M.M., Bioestratigrafia del Paleozoico Superior de América del Sur: Primera etapa de trabajo hacia una nueva propuesta cronoestratigráfica (2007) Publicaciónes Especiales De La Asociación Paleontológica Argentina, 11, pp. 9-65Burrough, P.A., (1986) Principles Of Geographical Information Systems For Land Resources Assessment., p. 54. , Oxford, Oxford University PressCarneiro, C.C., Interpretação de dados de sensores remotos e aerogeofísicos como ferramenta na análise estrutural da área centro-oeste do Sistema Transcorrente Carajás (PA) (2005) MS Dissertation, Instituto De Geociências, Universidade Estadual De Campinas, Campinas, p. 100(2004) Carta Geológica Do Brasil Ao Milionésimo: Sistema De Informações Geográficas-SIG, Escala 1:1.000.000, , Compania de Pesquisas de Recursos Minerais (CPRM) Brasília, Ministério de Minas e EnergiaDerby, O.A., Illustrations of the Stem structure of Tietea singularis (1915) American Journal of Science, 39, pp. 251-260Florin, R., Die Koniferen des Oberkarbons und des unteren Perms (1940) Palaeontographica Abteilung B, 85, pp. 243-363Frey, A., (2009) Syllabus of Plants Families. Bryophytes and Seedless Vascular Plants, p. 419. , 13 ed., Berlin, Gebrüder BerntraegenIannuzzi, R., Souza, P.A., Floral succession in the Lower Permian deposits of the Brazilian Paraná Basin: An up-to-date overview (2005) New Mexico Museum Of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 30, pp. 144-149Lundqvist, G., Fossile Pflanzen der Glossopteris Flora aus Brasilien (1919) Kungl Svenska Vetenskaps-akademiens Handlingar, 60, pp. 1-36Milani, E.J., Melo, J.H.G., Souza, P.A., Fernandes, L.A., França, A.B., Bacia do Paraná (2007) Boletim De Geociências Da Petrobras, 15 (2), pp. 265-287Milani, E.J., (1997) Evolução Tectono-Estratigráfica Da Bacia Do Paraná E De Seu Relacionamento Com a Geodinâmica Fanerozóica Do Gondwana Sul-Ocidenta, p. 255. , PhD Thesis, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto AlegreMilani, E., Comentários sobre a origem e a evolução tectônica da Bacia do Paraná. In: Mantesso-Neto V., Bartorelli, a., Carneiro C.D.R., Brito-Neves B.B. (org). Geologia do Continente Sul-Americano: Evolução da Obra de Fernando Flavio Marques de Almeida (2004) São Paulo, pp. 265-279. , Ed. BecaRabus, B., Eineder, M., Roth, A., Bamler, R., The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission - A New Class of Elevation Models Acquired by Spaceborne Radar (2003) Journal Of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, 57, pp. 241-262Rao, H.S., On the anatomy of Lycopodiopsis derbyi renault with remarks on the Southern Palæozoic Lycopods (1940) Proceedings of The Indian Academy of Sciences - Section B, 11 (5), pp. 197-217Rees, P.M., Ziegler, A.M., Gibbs, M.T., Kutzbach, J.E., Behling, P., Rowley, D.B., Permian phytogeographic patterns and climate data/ model comparisons (2002) Journal of Geology, 110, pp. 1-31Ricardi-Branco, F., Branco, F.C., Garcia, R.F., Faria, R.S., Pereira, S.Y., Portugal, R., Pessenda, L.C., Pereira, P.R.B., Features of plant accumulations along the Itanhaém River, on the southern coast of the Brazilian state of São Paulo (2009) PALAIOS, 24 (7), pp. 416-424Rohn, R., Rösler, O., Middle to Upper Permian phytostratigraphy of the Eastern Paraná Basin (2000) Revista Da Universidade De Guarulhos, 5, pp. 69-73Rösler, O., The Brazilian eogondwanic floral succession (1978) Boletim IG - USP, 9, pp. 85-90Scotese, C.R., (2001) Atlas of Earth History, 1, p. 52. , Texas, ArlingtonSpicer, R.A., The importance of depositional sorting to the biostratigraphy of plant megafossils (1980) Biostratigraphy of Fossil Plants: Successional and Paleoecological Analyses., pp. 171-183. , Dilcher, D.L., Taylor, T.N. Pennsylvania, Hutchinson & RossTaylor, T.N., Taylor, E.L., Krigs, M., (2008) Paleobotany: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants., p. 1252. , Amsterdam, Elsevier IncVeevers, J.J., Gondwanaland from 600-570 Ma assembly through 320 Ma merger in Pangea to 185-100 Ma breakup: Supercontinental tectonics via stratigraphy and radiometric dating (2004) Earth-science Reviews, 68 (1-2), pp. 1-132O presente artigo introduz a uma metodologia na qual será possível a visualização da distribuição espacial de fitofósseis. Tal metodologia será cada a ocorrências da Província Florística do Gondwana presente na borda leste da porção brasileira da Bacia do Paraná durante o Neopaleozóico. Essa província foi escolhida tendo em vista que nela há grande número de publicações referentes às suas ocorrências. Isso torna possível a meta-análise de sua distribuição, uma vez que há ampla gama de informações. O primeiro passo foi a construção de uma base de dados composta, incluindo localização geográfica, geologia e sistemática botânica de cada fóssil de interesse. As informações foram então georreferenciadas para posterior transferência em diversos mapas mostrando vários aspectos da distribuição fossilífera. Através de sua distribuição espacial, se pode contatar que os fitofósseis se encontram amplamente distribuídos em toda a área de estudo. No entanto, alguns gêneros persistem por longos períodos de tempo, já outros somente por curtos intervalos. Ao longo do tempo, a composição fossilífera se transformou gradualmente, desde suas primeiras ocorrências no Grupo Itararé (Neocarbonífero), até a Formação Rio do Rastro (Neopermiano), com o número de gêneros decrescendo de 45 no Grupo Itararé para 11 na Formação Rio do Rast

PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS OF WIND SPEED IN THE CAMPO GRANDE, MS, BRAZIL

The objective of this study is to model wind characteristics using twelve probability density functions: Weibull, Ralyeigh, Log-Logistics, Inverse Gaussian, Normal, Range, Extremely Generated, Extreme, Lognormal, Logistic, Burr and Rician. Four statistical criteria, coefficient of determination, mean square error, mean absolute error and mean absolute error are considered as judgment criteria to evaluate the adequacy of probability density functions. As a result, Weibull, Rayleigh, generalized extreme value, extreme value, and Rician distributions accurately perform data. These distributions can be used as an alternative distribution that adequately describes wind speed data in Campo Grande. The weaker settings are obtained by the Normal, Burr, Logistics, Log-Logistic, and Inverse Gaussian distributions

Static output-feedback stabilization of discrete-time Markovian jump linear systems: a system augmentation approach

This paper studies the static output-feedback (SOF) stabilization problem for discrete-time Markovian jump systems from a novel perspective. The closed-loop system is represented in a system augmentation form, in which input and gain-output matrices are separated. By virtue of the system augmentation, a novel necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of desired controllers is established in terms of a set of nonlinear matrix inequalities, which possess a monotonic structure for a linearized computation, and a convergent iteration algorithm is given to solve such inequalities. In addition, a special property of the feasible solutions enables one to further improve the solvability via a simple D-K type optimization on the initial values. An extension to mode-independent SOF stabilization is provided as well. Compared with some existing approaches to SOF synthesis, the proposed one has several advantages that make it specific for Markovian jump systems. The effectiveness and merit of the theoretical results are shown through some numerical example

SLA4CLOUD: Measurement and SLA Management of Heterogeneous Cloud Infrastructures Testbeds

International audienceThere is an increasing number of cloud platforms emerging in both academia and industry. They often allow the collaboration of a pool of resources from multiple infrastructures (IaaS) in order to benefit from the unique features that each presents. AmSud SLA4CLOUD project is a collaboration between research groups from South America and France on Cloud Computing with the aim to develop different offers of Cloud Service with Service a Level Agreement (SLA) representation. This project builds on different existing projects such as the EU Easi-Clouds project. After introducing the main capabilities and features of OpenStack, this document addresses the integration of OpenStack-based platforms into a larger and heterogeneous multi-cloud infrastructures distributed in different continents. Finally, we aim to implement a strategy for dynamic services composition and optimal placement of virtual machines in order to improve network capabilities without compromising performance requirements as specified in a SLA

Kernel chemical composition and flour quality of wheat in response to nitrogen sources and doses.

The chemical composition of wheat kernels (Triticum aestivum L.) directly affects the quality of flour by modifying its functional and technological properties, determining its use by the industry. Field trials were conducted with wheat genotypes BRS 208 and BRS Pardela to evaluate the impact of different forms of urea (conventional, with urease inhibitor, and polymer-protected) and doses of nitrogen applied in topdressing (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1) in kernel chemical composition and flour technological quality. The experimental design was randomized block with 3x4 factorial structure, with four replications. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) with regression for nitrogen doses, and comparison of means for genotypes and forms of urea by Tukey's test (p&#8804;0.05). Although the genotypes evaluated presented significant differences regarding kernel chemical composition and quality of flour, similar responses were observed for the variables evaluated, forms of urea, and doses of nitrogen. Application of urea with urease inhibitor increased starch content in the kernels, and polymer-protected urea reduced flour yield. A positive linear regression was observed between nitrogen doses and protein (R2=0.706) and ash (R2=0.990; p<0.01), and negative with lipid content (R2=0.836; p<0.01). However, the application of increasing doses of nitrogen reduced kernel volume density (R2=0.864; p<0.01) and brightness of flour (L*; R2=0.977; p<0.01). In addition to breeding, the application of adequate doses using various sources of mineral nitrogen could be used as an additional procedure to obtain raw materials with the desired chemical composition profile. Keywords. Grain quality, polymer-protected urea, Triticum aestivum L., urease inhibitor (NBPT) Resumo: A composição química dos grãos de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) afeta diretamente a qualidade da farinha obtida, modificando suas propriedades funcionais e tecnológicas, determinando seu uso pela indústria. Diante disso, experimentos a campo foram conduzidos com dois genótipos de trigo (BRS 208 e BRS Pardela) para avaliar o efeito de formas de ureia (convencional, com inibidor de urease e protegida por polímero) e doses de nitrogênio em cobertura (0, 40, 80 e 120 kg ha-1) na composição química do grão e qualidade tecnológica da farinha de trigo. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, esquema fatorial 3x4, com quatro repetições. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância (ANOVA), regressão (doses de nitrogênio), e comparação de médias (genótipos e formas de ureia) pelo teste de Tukey (p&#8804;0,05). Apesar dos genótipos avaliados apresentarem diferença significativas em relação a composição química do grão e qualidade da farinha, ambos apresentaram respostas similares as variáveis avaliadas, formas de ureia e doses de nitrogênio. Aplicação de ureia com inibidor de urease aumentou o teor de amido no grão, e a ureia protegida reduziu o rendimento de farinha. Observou-se regressão linear positiva entre doses de nitrogênio e teor de proteína (R2=0,706) e cinzas (R2=0,990; p<0,01), e negativa com o teor de lipídios nos grãos (R2=0,836; p<0,01). Outrossim, a aplicação de doses crescentes de nitrogênio reduziu o peso hectolitro do grão (R2=0,864; p<0,01) e luminosidade da farinha (L*; R2=0,977; p<0,01). Em adição ao melhoramento genético, a aplicação de doses adequadas utilizando diferentes fontes de nitrogênio mineral pode ser recomendado como procedimento para obtenção de matéria-prima de qualidade. -chave. Inibidor de urease (NBPT), qualidade do grão, Triticum aestivum L., ureia protegida por polímer

Progressive collapse analysis of steel structures under fire conditions

This is the post-print version of the final paper published in Engineering Structures. The published article is available from the link below. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright @ 2011 Elsevier B.V.In this paper a robust static-dynamic procedure has been developed. The development extends the capability of the Vulcan software to model the dynamic and static behaviour of steel buildings during both local and global progressive collapse of the structures under fire conditions. The explicit integration method was adopted in the dynamic procedure. This model can be utilized to allow a structural analysis to continue beyond the temporary instabilities which would cause singularities in the full static analyses. The automatic switch between static and dynamic analysis makes the Vulcan a powerful tool to investigate the mechanism of the progressive collapse of the structures generated by the local failure of components. The procedure was validated against several practical cases. Some preliminary studies of the collapse mechanism of steel frame due to columns’ failure under fire conditions are also presented. It is concluded that for un-braced frame the lower loading ratio and bigger beam section can give higher failure temperature in which the global structural collapse happens. However, the localised collapse of the frame with the higher loading ratio and smaller beam section can more easily be generated. The bracing system is helpful to prevent the frame from progressive collapse. The higher lateral stiffness of the frame can generate the smaller vertical deformation of the failed column at the re-stable position. However, the global failure temperature of the frame is not sensitive to the lateral stiffness of the frame

Absorção e exportação de fósforo em três cultivares de soja.

bitstream/item/48596/1/Boletim-PD-26-AMAZ-ORIENTAL.pd