Cortical Morphology and MRI Signal Intensity Analysis in Paediatric Epilepsy

Epilepsy encompasses a great variety of aetiologies, and as such is not a single disease but a group of diseases characterised by unprovoked seizures.The primary aim of the work presented in this thesis was to use multimodal structural imaging to improve understanding of epilepsy related brain pathology, both the epileptogenic lesions themselves and extralesional pathology, in order to improve pre-surgical planning in medicationresistant epilepsy and improve understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. The work focuses on 2 epilepsy aetiologies: focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) (chapters 2 and 3) and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (chapters 4 & 5). Chapter 2 of this thesis develops surface-based, structural MRI post-processing techniques that can be applied to clinical T1 and FLAIR images to complement current MRI-based diagnosis of focal cortical dysplasias. Chapter 3 uses the features developed in Chapter 2 within a machine learning framework to automatically detect FCDs, obtaining 73% sensitivity using a neural network. Chapter 4 develops an in vivo method to explore neocortical gliosis in adults with TLE, while Chapter 5 applies this method to a paediatric cohort. Finally, the concluding chapter discusses contributions, main limitations and outlines options for future research

Les Loranthaceae, parasites des arbres et arbustes : cas du département de Katiola, au nord de la Côte d’Ivoire

Les Loranthaceae sont des plantes parasites qui causent de nombreux dommages sur les arbres et les arbustes se traduisant par l’envahissement et la défoliation des plantes infestées. Dans le but d’identifier et de préciser l’infestation des arbres et arbustes par les Loranthaceae, une étude botanique a été réalisée en zone de savane, plus précisément au Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire dans le département de Katiola. La méthode itinérante a été utilisée pour inventorier les arbres et les arbustes infestés par ces parasites et identifier toutes les espèces de Loranthaceae parasites présentes. Au total, deux espèces de Loranthaceae ou parasites des plantes vasculaires ont été dénombré. Ce sont : Agelanthus dodoneifolius et Tapinanthus bangwensis. L’analyse des données obtenues montre un taux de parasitage de 0 p.c. au niveau des cultures pérennes. Les taux de parasitage des arbres et des arbustes, dans la végétation naturelle ou spontanée sont respectivement de 6,33 p.c et 3,51p.c. Le test de Khi² utilisé pour comparer les taux de parasitage des arbres et arbustes montre qu’il n’y a pas de différence significative entre les arbres et les arbustes infestés.Mots clés : Taux de parasitage, plante vasculaire, végétation spontanée

Studi Historis Sekolah Kedokteran Di Indoensia Abad XIX

Pandemi Covid-19 saat ini menggemparkan dunia. Berbagai pihak dari seluruh negara, putar haluan fokus pada Covid-19, terlebih tenaga medis. Peristiwa semacam ini pernah dialami Indonesia pada masa Pemerintahan Kolonial Belanda yang kewalahan menghadapi penyakit Cacar. Berangkat dari peristiwa tersebut, sangat menarik untuk mengangkat permasalahan yaitu bagaimana sejarah sekolah kedokteran di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk merekonstruksi sejarah sekolah kedokteran di Indonesia. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah metode historis yang meliputi tahapan heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekolah kedokteran di Indonesia berawal dari epidemi Cacar yang melanda Jawa pada abad ke-19 dan perkembangnnya tidak lepas dari Politik Etis. Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda lalu membentuk Dokter Djawa School, yang kemudian bermetamorfosa menjadi STOVIA dan Geneeskundige Hoge School. Berbagai kebijakan dan revitalisasi kurikulum mewarnai perjalanan sekolah kedokteran di Indonesia. Saat ini sekolah kedokteran tersebut termasuk pendidikan vokasi dan fakultas kedokteran pada lembaga pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia

MELESTARIKAN DAN MENGEMBANGKAN MAKAM PANGERAN SIDO ING RAJEK SEBAGAI OBJEK WISATA SEJARAH DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH LOKAL

This paper is the result of Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat (PPM) conducted by the PPM team of History Education Studies Program of Sriwijaya University on the preservation and development of the tomb of Prince Sido Ing Rajek as the Object of History and its Implementation in Local History Learning. One of the historic sites in Palembang is the tomb of Prince Sido Ing Rajek in Sakatiga Village. Implementation of community service activities aimed at the community in Sakatiga aims to provide knowledge, images, and a clear understanding of the tomb of Prince Sido Ing Rajek. The benefits of the implementation of community service is to preserve and develop the tomb of Prince Sido Ing Rajek as a historical tourist attraction. The result of the dedication of dedication is found that there are differences of opinion about the role of Prince Sido Ing Rajek, an effort that has been done by the community around the tomb of Prince Sido Ing Rajek to preserve it has been done some concrete actions that take care of the tomb which is proved by the establishment of a nurturing interpreter. The values that can be developed from the history of the struggle of Prince Sido Ing Rajek in maintaining the existence of Palembang is the value of struggle in order to maintain Palembang, expel VOC and patriotism. Keywords: Preserving, Prince Sido Ing Rajek, Local History Learnin

The Urgence of Developing Civic Education E-Book Based On Mind Mapping For Students And Lecturers

This study aims to determine the urgency of developing mind mapping-based civic education e-books for students and lecturers. This research is a research method This research method is research and development (RnD) which ultimately produces a product and tests the level of product effectiveness. The subjects of this research are 54 first semester students in the 2021/2022 academic year who are taking civic education courses and 10 lecturers who are lecturers of civic education courses. The sampling technique used random sampling. The research activity was carried out at Sriwijaya University, South Sumatra. The data collection technique used is filling out questionnaires and documentation. The results of the study showed that the development of mind mapping-based civic education e-books was needed to facilitate student learning, both with educators and independently. E-books are teaching materials that are packaged digitally in the form of files and schematics according to the Lesson Plan. The existence of mind mapping in e-books will help students and lecturers to achieve fun and creative civic education learning goals

Advancement of the German version of the moral distress scale for acute care nurses : a mixed methods study

Aim: Moral distress experienced by nurses in acute care hospitals can adversely impact the affected nurses, their patients and their hospitals; therefore, it is advisable for organizations to establish internal monitoring of moral distress. However, until now, no suitable questionnaire has been available for use in German‐speaking contexts. Hence, the aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically test a German‐language version of the Moral Distress Scale. Design: We chose a sequential explanatory mixed methods design, followed by a second quantitative cross‐sectional survey. Methods: An American moral distress scale was chosen, translated, culturally adapted, tested in a pilot study and subsequently used in 2011 to conduct an initial web‐based quantitative cross‐sectional survey of nurses in all inpatient units at five hospitals in Switzerland's German‐speaking region. Data were analysed descriptively and via a Rasch analysis. In 2012, four focus group interviews were conducted with 26 nurses and then evaluated using knowledge maps. The results were used to improve the questionnaire. In 2015, using the revised German‐language instrument, a second survey and Rasch analysis were conducted. Results: The descriptive results of the first survey's participants (n = 2153; response rate: 44%) indicated that moral distress is a salient phenomenon in Switzerland. The data from the focus group interviews and the Rasch analysis produced information valuable for the questionnaire's further development. Alongside the data from the second survey's participants (n = 1965; response rate: 40%), the Rasch analysis confirmed the elimination of previous deficiencies on its psychometrics. A Rasch‐scaled German version of the Moral Distress Scale is now available for use

Subthalamic nucleus bursting dynamics and prediction of motor measures using machine learning

Whilst exaggerated bursts of beta frequency band oscillatory synchronization in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) have been associated with motor impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD), a plausible mechanism linking the two phenomena has been lacking. Here I test the hypotheses that increased beta synchronization might compromise information coding capacity in basal ganglia (BG) networks, that beta activity is just one of several dynamic states in the STN local field potential (LFP) in PD, and that together these different states predict motor impairment with high fidelity. To this end, STN LFP activity was recorded in two experiments; the first in 18 PD patients as they executed cued upper and lower limb movements, and the second in 32 PD patients at rest following an overnight withdrawal of anti-parkinsonian medication, and after administration of levodopa. In the first study, I used the accuracy of LFP-based limb-movement classification as an index of the information held by the STN. Machine learning (ML) using naïve Bayes showed that the intended movements could be predicted from the STN LFP recordings well ahead of their execution. The presence of bursts of LFP activity in the beta band significantly compromised the prediction of the limb to be moved, which denotes that exaggerated beta band synchronisation may restrict the capacity of the BG system to encode physiologically relevant information about intended actions. In the second study, an unsupervised ML method based on hidden Markov modelling, was used to identify the nature and timing of transient states of distinct spectral content (e.g. theta, alpha, beta) in resting STN LFP recordings. This showed that levodopa reduced the occurrence rate and duration of low beta states, and the greater the reductions, the greater the improvement in motor impairment. However, additional LFP states were distinguished in the theta, alpha and high beta bands, and these behaved in an opposite manner. In addition, levodopa favoured the transition of low beta states to the other spectral states. When all LFP states and corresponding features were considered in a multivariate model it was possible to predict over 50% of the variance in patients’ hemibody impairment OFF medication, and in the change in hemibody impairment following levodopa. These findings are important as they suggest that LFP activity may potentially be decoded to enable effector selection, in addition to force control in restorative brain-machine interface applications. Moreover, multiple spectral states in the STN LFP have a bearing on motor impairment, and that levodopa-induced shifts in the balance between these states can predict clinical change with high fidelity. This is important in suggesting that some states might be upregulated to improve parkinsonism and in suggesting how LFP feedback can be made more informative in closed-loop deep brain stimulation systems.</p

Epidemiologie van de arbeidsongeschiktheid 1998-2001

Veranderingen in wet- en regelgeving rond arbeidsongeschiktheid zijn van invloed op de werknemers die bij UWV (of haar voorgangers) een beroep moeten doen op de betreffende voorzieningen. Met de reguliere statistieken worden niet alle relevante kenmerken van deze ‘cliënten’ in kaart gebracht, waardoor onvoldoende zicht wordt verkregen op de gevolgen van de wetswijzigingen. In de epidemiologieonderzoeken wordt daarom aanvullende informatie verzameld via enquêtes bij de cliënten zelf. De epidemiologieonderzoeken bestaan sinds 1985. Sindsdien zijn meerdere cohorten gevolgd, waarvan het meest recente in 2007 (Weg naar WIA) en 2012 (Weg naar WIA II - juni 2012 gestart). De overige cohorten betreffen personen die in respectievelijk 1987, 1991, 1994, 1998, 1999 en 2001 het einde van de wachttijd voor de WAO bereikt hebben. De algemene doelstelling van de epidemiologieonderzoeken kan op de volgende wijze worden beschreven: Een systematische beschrijving van een representatieve groep 12-maandszieken op demografische en sociaal-economische kenmerken, op kenmerken van het oude werk en de oude werkgever, op diverse aspecten van de gezondheid, WAO-claimbeoordeling en begeleiding, bemiddeling en reïntegratie. Bij deze beschrijving is vergelijking van deze gegevens binnen dezelfde cohorten, en met vorige en toekomstige cohorten mogelijk. Vanwege de gewenste vergelijkbaarheid komen dezelfde enquêtevragen terug in de verschillende cohorten en in de verschillende metingen daarbinnen. De specifieke onderzoeksvraagstellingen variëren echter per deelproject en worden ingegeven door de op dat moment bestaande behoefte aan beleidsinformatie