22 research outputs found
Fault reactivation in the central Indian Ocean and the rheology of oceanic lithosphere
The intraplate deformation in the central Indian Ocean basin is a well-known example of a deviation from an axiom of plate tectonics: that of rigid plates with deformation concentrated at plate boundaries. Here we present multichannel seismic reflection profiles which show that high-angle reverse faults in the sediments of the central Indian Ocean extend through the crust and possibly into the uppermost mantle. The dip of these faults, which we believe result from the reactivation of pre-existing faults formed at the spreading centre, is Ë40° in the basement, which is consistent with the distribution and focal mechanisms of earthquakes on faults now forming at spreading centres. This style of deformation, coupled with the observation of large earthquakes in the mantle lithosphere, indicates that brittle failure of the oceanic lithosphere may nucleate in the vicinity of the brittle/ductile transition and propagate through the crust
Orbital forcing of the East Antarctic ice sheet during the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene
Distribution of DDT and other persistent organic contaminants in Canyons and on the continental shelf off the central California coast
Interaction of the Western Boundary Undercurrent with the continental margin off Newfoundland
Constraints on Indian plate motion since 20 Ma from dense Russian magnetic data: Implications for Indian plate dynamics
Deep sediment resuspension and thick nepheloid layer generation by open-ocean convection
International audienceThe Gulf of Lions in the northwestern Mediterranean is one of the few sites around the world ocean exhibiting deep openâocean convection. Based on 6 year long (2009â2015) time series from a mooring in the convection region, shipborne measurements from repeated cruises, from 2012 to 2015, and glider measurements, we report evidence of bottom thick nepheloid layer formation, which is coincident with deep sediment resuspension induced by bottomâreaching convection events. This bottom nepheloid layer, which presents a maximum thickness of more than 2000 m in the center of the convection region, probably results from the action of cyclonic eddies that are formed during the convection period and can persist within their core while they travel through the basin. The residence time of this bottom nepheloid layer appears to be less than a year. In situ measurements of suspended particle size further indicate that the bottom nepheloid layer is primarily composed of aggregates between 100 and 1000 ”m in diameter, probably constituted of fine silts. Bottomâreaching open ocean convection, as well as deep dense shelf water cascading that occurred concurrently some years, lead to recurring deep sediments resuspension episodes. They are key mechanisms that control the concentration and characteristics of the suspended particulate matter in the basin, and in turn affect the bathypelagic biological activit