29 research outputs found
Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the fifth international Mango Symposium Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the Xth international congress of Virology: September 1-6, 1996 Dan Panorama Hotel, Tel Aviv, Israel August 11-16, 1996 Binyanei haoma, Jerusalem, Israel
Microstructure, High Temperature Strength and CO-Gas Emission of Liquid-Phase Sintered and Forged Low Oxygen TiC-ZrC-Mo Alloy
Development of Nanostructured Tungsten Based Materials Resistant to Recrystallization and/or Radiation Induced Embrittlement
Mitigation of embrittlement caused by recrystallization and radiation is the key issue of tungsten (W) based materials for use in the advanced nuclear system such as fusion reactor applications. In this paper, our nanostructured W materials development performed so far to solve the key issue is reviewed, including new original data. Firstly, the basic concept of mitigation of the embrittlement is shown. The approach to the concept has yielded ultra-fine grained, recrystallized (UFGR) W–(0.25–1.5) mass%TiC compacts containing fine TiC dispersoids (precipitates). The UFGR W–(0.25–1.5)%TiC exhibits favorable as well as unfavorable features from the viewpoints of microstructures and various thermo-mechanical properties including the response to neutron and ion irradiations. Most of the unfavorable features stem from insufficient strengthening of weak random grain boundaries (GBs) in the recrystallized state. The focal point on this study is, therefore, to develop a new microstructural modification method to significantly strengthen the random GBs. The method is designated as GSMM (GB Sliding-based Microstructural Modification) and has lead to the birth of toughened, fine-grained W–1.1%TiC in the recrystallized state (TFGR W–1.1TiC). The TFGR W–1.1TiC exhibits much improved thermo-mechanical properties. The applicability of TFGR W–1.1TiC to the divertor in ITER is discussed
Plasma Membrane and Nuclear Localization of G Protein–coupled Receptor Kinase 6A
G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) kinases (GRKs) specifically phosphorylate agonist-occupied GPCRs at the inner surface of the plasma membrane (PM), leading to receptor desensitization. Here we show that the C-terminal 30 amino acids of GRK6A contain multiple elements that either promote or inhibit PM localization. Disruption of palmitoylation by individual mutation of cysteine 561, 562, or 565 or treatment of cells with 2-bromopalmitate shifts GRK6A from the PM to both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Likewise, disruption of the hydrophobic nature of a predicted amphipathic helix by mutation of two leucines to alanines at positions 551 and 552 causes a loss of PM localization. Moreover, acidic amino acids in the C-terminus appear to negatively regulate PM localization; mutational replacement of several acidic residues with neutral or basic residues rescues PM localization of a palmitoylation-defective GRK6A. Last, we characterize the novel nuclear localization, showing that nuclear export of nonpalmitoylated GRK6A is sensitive to leptomycin B and that GRK6A contains a potential nuclear localization signal. Our results suggest that the C-terminus of GRK6A contains a novel electrostatic palmitoyl switch in which acidic residues weaken the membrane-binding strength of the amphipathic helix, thus allowing changes in palmitoylation to regulate PM versus cytoplasmic/nuclear localization
Plasma C-Type Natriuretic Peptide as a Predictor for Therapeutic Response to Metoprolol in Children with Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
RSBP-1 Is a Membrane-targeting Subunit Required by the Gαq-specific But Not the Gαo-specific R7 Regulator of G protein Signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans
In vivo characterization of the C. elegans R7 RGS Binding Protein, RSBP-1, shows that this protein is required to target the Gαq-specific, but not the Gαo-specific, R7 RGS protein to the plasma membrane, that plasma membrane localization is essential for function, and suggests that the mechanism of membrane targeting may determine Gα specificity
Association with the Plasma Membrane Is Sufficient for Potentiating Catalytic Activity of Regulators of G Protein Signaling (RGS) Proteins of the R7 Subfamily
Interaction of the C-Terminal Region of the Gγ Protein with Model Membranes
Heterotrimeric G-proteins interact with membranes. They accumulate around membrane receptors and propagate messages to effectors localized in different cellular compartments. G-protein-lipid interactions regulate G-protein cellular localization and activity. Although we recently found that the Gβγ dimer drives the interaction of G-proteins with nonlamellar-prone membranes, little is known about the molecular basis of this interaction. Here, we investigated the interaction of the C-terminus of the Gγ2 protein (Pγ-FN) with model membranes and those of its peptide (Pγ) and farnesyl (FN) moieties alone. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that Pγ-FN, segregated into Pγ-FN-poor and -rich domains in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) membranes. In PE membranes, FN increased the nonlamellar phase propensity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy experiments showed that Pγ and Pγ-FN interact with the polar and interfacial regions of PE and PS bilayers. The binding of Pγ-FN to model membranes is due to the FN group and positively charged amino acids near this lipid. On the other hand, membrane lipids partially altered Pγ-FN structure, in turn increasing the fluidity of PS membranes. These data highlight the relevance of the interaction of the C-terminal region of the Gγ protein with the cell membrane and its effect on membrane structure