Gobernanza y Gobernabilidad para el Desarrollo Territorial en el Cantón Sigchos.

model of governability for sustainable territorial development must be anchored in the institutional strengthening and the capabilities of the human talent of local governments. These must give support to the Government in its management, to satisfy the demand of the citizens and legitimize its leadership in the full exercise of a democratic mandate, and in this way to lead the public policies to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants of the territory.Un modelo de gobernabilidad para el desarrollo territorial sostenible debe anclarse, en el fortalecimiento institucional y las capacidades del talento humano de los gobiernos locales. Estos deben dar soporte al gobierno en su gestión, para satisfacer eficientemente la demanda de los ciudadanos y legitimar su liderazgo en el ejercicio pleno de un mandato democrático, y de esta manera liderar las políticas públicas que permitan mejorar la calidad de vida de los habitantes del territorio

El juego cooperativo como herramienta pedagógica para fomentar la empatía en los estudiantes de grado sexto en la clase de inglés del Colegio Universidad Libre.

La presente investigación se realiza al vislumbrar, por medio de diarios de campo durante la práctica docente, la falta de empatía entre los jóvenes de grado sexto del colegio de la universidad Libre durante las diferentes clases de su jornada académica. Estos jóvenes tienden a desvalorizar u olvidar la importancia de la empatía, inteligencia emocional y las habilidades sociales engeneral. De igual forma el trabajo en equipo y los juegos están sumamente subestimados en este tipo de población, siendo estos últimos vistos en la mayoría de los casos como una pérdida de tiempo.Por esta razón en este proyecto investigativo se observan, se identifican y se analizan cuáles son las posibles situaciones en el aula de clase que causan y presentan dicha dificultad. Por ende, se busca evidenciar la existencia de dichos problemas a través de la observación yla aplicación de encuestas, test y entrevistas para así intervenir estas falencias a través del juego cooperativo.Universidad Libre - Facultad Ciencias de la Educación - Licenciatura en educación básica con énfasis en humanidades e idioma

Efecto de un programa de intervención basado en reaprendizaje motor sobre el balance en adultos con Hemiparesia

Determinar el efecto de un programa de intervención basado en el modelo de reaprendizaje motor sobre el balance en adultos con hemiparesia. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un ensayo clínico cuasiexperimental; en el cual participaron 69 adultos con hemiparesia, 34 en el grupo control y 35 en el grupo experimental, entre 18 y 60 años de edad. El grupo control recibió un programa de intervención fisioterapéutica convencional y el grupo experimental un programa de intervención fisioterapéutica basado en el modelo de reaprendizaje motor, durante 6 semanas, 3 sesiones/semana. La medición pre test y post test se realizó en ambos grupos utilizando el test de Tinetti balance y el análisis de los datos con el software estadístico SPSS. Resultados: Después de la intervención, ambos grupos mostraron mejoría global en el balance medido con la escala de Tinetti balance, diferencia sin significancia estadística entre grupos, sin embargo el grupo experimental mostró mejoría significativa pos intervención en el desempeño de tres de los ítems incluidos en el test de Tinetti balance: “intentos de levantarse de una silla”, “levantarse de una silla, y “empujón sobre el esternón” sugiriendo la influencia positiva del modelo de reaprendizaje motor sobre el balance necesario para la ejecución de la transición de sedente alto a bípedo y en el desempeño del balance estático en bípedo. Conclusiones: La intervención basada en el modelo de reaprendizaje motor puede ser un enfoque efectivo dentro de la Neurorehabilitación, para mejorar del balance durante la realización de actividades funcionales en los adultos con hemiparesia entre 18 y 60 años.To determine the effect of an intervention program based on motor relearning on balance in adults with hemiparesis. Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental clinical trial was made in which 69 adults with hemiparesis participate, 34 in the control group and 35 in the experimental group, between 18 and 60 years of age. The control group received a program of conventional physiotherapeutic intervention and the experimental group a program of physiotherapeutic intervention based on the motor relearning model, for 6 weeks, 3 sessions / week. The pre-test and post-test measurements were performed in both groups using the Tinetti balance test and the analysis of the data with the SPSS statistical software. Results: After the intervention, both groups, the best overall measurement in the balance measured with the Tinetti scale, the difference between statistical significance between groups, the experimental embargo, the experimental group, the best performance in the performance of three of the items included. the Tinetti balance test: "attempt to get up from a chair", "get up from a chair" and "push on the sternum", suggesting the positive influence of the motor relearning model on the balance necessary for the execution of the sit-down transition high bipedal and in the performance of the static equilibrium in biped. Conclusions: The intervention based on the model of motor relearning can be an effective approach within Neurorehabilitation, to improve the balance during the performance of functional activities in adults with hemiparesis between 18 and 60 years

Las actitudes del alumnado universitario frente a las personas con trastorno mental

Mental illness is a global health problem that affects one in four people around the world. Despite its high incidence, there is strong social discrimination towards this population (WHO, 2004). Different professionals encounter, in their daily performance, situations of interaction with these patients and may act as stigma perpetuators if they display negative attitudes of fear and hostility (Roos and Goldner, 2009). Likewise, contact with these mental ill patients will condition their attitudes toward the disease. The aim of this study was to examine the attitudes of future professionals of Health Sciences toward mental ill patients, compared with students of other knowledge fields, and to explore if maintaining contact with these patients can modify these attitudes. The questionnaire “Opinions concerning mental illness” (Ozamiz, 1980) was administered to 820 students (70.37% women and 29.63% men) from different degrees of Health Sciences, and Social and Legal Sciences. This scale assessed global Attitude and five subscales (Negativism, Social Etiology, Authoritarianism, Restrictivism, and Prejudice), obtaining a reliability higher than .7 in Negativism and Social Etiology. Results indicated that Health Sciences students show lower levels of Negativism towards mental ill patients than students in Social and Legal Sciences degrees, regardless of the contact maintained. In addition, students who report contact with these patients have lower levels of Negativism, not differing in a statistically significant way neither in the general Attitude, nor in social Etiology, and regardless of the university degree. These results seem to indicate that negative attitudes toward mental ill patients is lower among Health Sciences students and among students who have contact with this population compared with Social and Legal Science ones.La enfermedad mental es un problema de salud a nivel mundial que afecta a una de cada cuatro personas. A pesar de su elevada incidencia, existe una fuerte discriminación social sobre estos enfermos (OMS, 2004). Diversos profesionales se encuentran en su desempeño diario situaciones de interacción con estos pacientes pudiendo actuar como perpetuadores del estigma si muestran actitudes negativas de miedo y hostilidad (Roos y Goldner, 2009). Asimismo, el contacto con estos enfermos mentales condicionará las actitudes hacia la propia enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las actitudes hacia los enfermos mentales de los futuros profesionales de Ciencias de la Salud, en comparación con el alumnado de otras ramas de conocimiento, y explorar si mantener contacto con estos enfermos puede modificar dicha actitud. Se administró el cuestionario “Opiniones sobre la enfermedad mental” (Ozamiz, 1980) a 820 estudiantes (70,37% mujeres y 29,63% hombres) de diferentes titulaciones de Ciencias de la Salud y Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Esta escala informa sobre la Actitud general y 5 subdimensiones (Negativismo, Etiología social, Autoritarismo, Restrictividad y Prejuicio), obteniendo una fiabilidad superior a .7 en Negativismo y Etiología Social. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud muestran menores niveles de Negativismo hacia el enfermo mental que el alumnado de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas, independientemente del contacto mantenido. Además, los estudiantes que manifiestan haber tenido contacto con estos enfermos presentan menores niveles de Negativismo, no diferenciándose de forma  estadísticamente significativa ni en la Actitud general, ni en Etiología social, con independencia de la titulación cursada. Estos resultados parecen indicar que una actitud negativa hacia el enfermo mental es menor entre el alumnado de Ciencias de la Salud en comparación con las Ciencia Sociales y Jurídicas, y entre los que han mantenido contactos con enfermos mentales

A protocol for resuscitation of severe burn patients guided by transpulmonary thermodilution and lactate levels: A 3-year prospective cohort study

Introduction: The use of urinary output and vital signs to guide initial burn resuscitation may lead to suboptimal resuscitation. Invasive hemodynamic monitoring may result in over-resuscitation. This study aimed to evaluate the results of a goal-directed burn resuscitation protocol that used standard measures of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and urine output, plus transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) and lactate levels to adjust fluid therapy to achieve a minimum level of preload to allow for sufficient vital organ perfusion. Methods: We conducted a three-year prospective cohort study of 132 consecutive critically burned patients. These patients underwent resuscitation guided by MAP (>65 mmHg), urinary output (0.5 to 1 ml/kg), TPTD and lactate levels. Fluid therapy was adjusted to achieve a cardiac index (CI) >2.5 L/minute/m2 and an intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBVI) >600 ml/m2, and to optimize lactate levels. Statistical analysis was performed using mixed models. We also used Pearson or Spearman methods and the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: A total of 98 men and 34 women (mean age, 48 ± 18 years) was studied. The mean total body surface area (TBSA) burned was 35% ± 22%. During the early resuscitation phase, lactate levels were elevated (2.58 ± 2.05 mmol/L) and TPTD showed initial hypovolemia by the CI (2.68 ± 1.06 L/minute/m2) and the ITBVI (709 ± 254 mL/ m2). At 24 to 32 hours, the CI and lactic levels were normalized, although the ITBVI remained below the normal range (744 ± 276 ml/m2). The mean fluid rate required to achieve protocol targets in the first 8 hours was 4.05 ml/ kg/TBSA burned, which slightly increased in the next 16 hours. Patients with a urine output greater than or less than 0.5 ml/kg/hour did not show differences in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, CI, ITBVI or lactate levels. Conclusions: Initial hypovolemia may be detected by TPTD monitoring during the early resuscitation phase. This hypovolemia might not be reflected by blood pressure and hourly urine output. An adequate CI and tissue perfusion can be achieved with below-normal levels of preload. Early resuscitation guided by lactate levels and below-normal preload volume targets appears safe and avoids unnecessary fluid input

Does sleep‑disordered breathing add to impairments in academic performance and brain structure usually observed in children with overweight/obesity?

Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUA. This work is part of a PhD thesis conducted in the Official Doctoral Programme in Biomedicine of the University of Granada, Spain. Preliminary data from this manuscript has been presented previously in The International Society of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (ISBNPA) Xchange 2021 Annual Meeting. The ActiveBrains project was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the "Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)" (DEP201347540, DEP2016-79512-R, DEP2017-91544-EXP and RYC-201109011). L.V.T.-L. is supported by a Grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (FPU17/04802). J.H.M. is supported by a Grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (FPU15/02645). C.C.-S. is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FJC2018-037925-I). IEC is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RYC2019-027287-I). Additional support was obtained from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence, Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES), by the Junta de Andalucia, Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidades, and European Regional Development Funds (ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR). In addition, funding was provided by the SAMID III network, RETICS, funded by the PNI + D + I 2017-2021 (Spain), ISCIII-Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion, the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (Ref. RD16/0022), the EXERNET Research Network on Exercise and Health (DEP2005-00046/ACTI; 09/UPB/19; 45/UPB/20; 27/UPB/21), the European Union's 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No.667302, and the HL-PIVOT network-Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection. Additional funding was obtained from the Andalusian Operational Programme supported with European Regional Development Funds (ERDF in English, FEDER in Spanish, project ref: B-CTS-355-UGR18).Approximately 4–11% of children suffer from sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and children with obesity are at increased risk. Both obesity and SDB have been separately associated with poorer brain health, yet whether SDB severity affects brain health in children with obesity remains unanswered. This study aimed to examine associations of SDB severity with academic performance and brain structure (i.e., total brain and gray and white matter volumes and gray matter volume in the hippocampus) in children with overweight/obesity. One hundred nine children aged 8–12 years with overweight/obesity were included. SDB severity and its subscales (i.e., snoring, daytime sleepiness, and inattention/hyperactivity) were evaluated via the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), and academic performance was evaluated with the Woodcock-Muñoz standardized test and school grades. Brain structure was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. SDB severity was not associated with academic performance measured by the standardized test (all |β|> 0.160, P > 0.076), yet it was associated with the school grade point average (β = -0.226, P = 0.007) and natural and social science grades (β = -0.269, P = 0.024). Intention/hyperactivity seemed to drive these associations. No associations were found between SDB severity and the remaining school grades (all β 0.065) or brain volumes (all P > 0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows that SDB severity was associated with lower school grades, yet it was not associated with the standardized measurement of academic performance or with brain volumes in children with overweight/obesity. SDB severity may add to academic problems in children beyond the effects contributed by overweight/obesity status alone.Universidad de Granada/CBUASpanish Government European CommissionSpanish Government DEP201347540 DEP2016-79512-R DEP2017-91544-EXP RYC-201109011Spanish Government FPU17/04802 FPU15/02645 FJC2018-037925-I RYC2019-027287-IUniversity of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence, Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Junta de Andalucia European Commission SOMM17/6107/UGRSAMID III network, RETICS - PNI + D + I 2017-2021 (Spain)ISCIII-Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and PromotionEuropean Commission RD16/0022EXERNET Research Network on Exercise and Health DEP2005-00046/ACTI 09/UPB/19 45/UPB/20 27/UPB/21European Commission 667302HL-PIVOT network-Healthy Living for Pandemic Event ProtectionAndalusian Operational ProgrammeEuropean Regional Development Funds (ERDF in English, FEDER in Spanish) B-CTS-355-UGR1

La escritura, lenguaje vivo en el aula: una experiencia de autoformación docente en didáctica

The project Teaching Writing, Language Alive in the Classroom: An Experience of Teacher Self-Training in Didactic, developed by the semillando group, comes from a critical look of our practices and concepts about writing and its teaching and learning processes in the first cycle of education. This reflection led us to initiate an investigation in our schools which would allow us to articulate the theoretical conceptions and achievements in the classroom. One of the first results of this process is the transformation of the reflection on the practices in investigative actions, among which these stand out: reading reality, formulating the research project as a guide of the pedagogical practices, the approach to research in the classroom and the formulation of a didactic proposal for the development of writing in the first season.El proyecto surge de una mirada crítica de las prácticas y concepciones sobre los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la escritura en el aula de primer ciclo. Esta reflexión condujo a iniciar un proceso de investigación que permitiera articular las concepciones teóricas y las realizaciones del aula. Uno de los primeros resultados de este proceso es la transformación de la reflexión sobre las prácticas en acciones investigativas entre las cuales se destacan las siguientes: la lectura de la realidad, la formulación del proyecto de investigación como orientador de la práctica pedagógica, el abordaje de la investigación en el aula y la formulación de una propuesta didáctica para el desarrollo de la escritura significativa en el primer ciclo

Leigh syndrome associated with TRMU gene mutations

Insuficiència hepàtica aguda: Síndrome de Leigh; TRMUInsuficiencia hepática aguda; Síndrome de Leigh; TRMUAcute liver failure; Leigh syndrome; TRMUtRNA 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridylate methyltransferase (TRMU) deficiency causes an early onset potentially reversible acute liver failure, so far reported in less than 30 patients. We describe two new unrelated patients with an acute liver failure and a neuroimaging compatible with Leigh syndrome (LS) due to TRMU deficiency, a combination not previously reported. Our report enlarges the phenotypical spectrum of TRMU disease.This work was partially supported by the Spanish Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias and cofounded with ERDF funds (Grant No. FIS PI15/01428, PI19/01772)

Forecasting Electricity Prices and their volatilities using Unobserved Components.

The liberalization of electricity markets more than ten years ago in the vast majority of developed countries has introduced the need of modelling and forecasting electricity prices and volatilities, both in the short and long term. Thus, there is a need of providing methodology that is able to deal with the most important features of electricity price series, which are well known for presenting not only structure in conditional mean but also time-varying conditional variances. In this work we propose a new model, which allows to extract conditionally heteroskedastic common factors from the vector of electricity prices. These common factors are jointly estimated as well as their relationship with the original vector of series, and the dynamics affecting both their conditional mean and variance. The estimation of the model is carried out under the state-space formulation. The new model proposed is applied to extract seasonal common dynamic factors as well as common volatility factors for electricity prices and the estimation results are used to forecast electricity prices and their volatilities in the Spanish zone of the Iberian Market. Several simplified/alternative models are also considered as benchmarks to illustrate that the proposed approach is superior to all of them in terms of explanatory and predictive power

SHARDS: A global view of the star formation activity at z~0.84 and z~1.23

In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at intermediate redshifts (z~1). We combine the ultra-deep optical spectro-photometric data from the Survey for High-z Absorption Red and Dead Sources (SHARDS) with deep UV-to-FIR observations in the GOODS-N field. Exploiting two of the 25 SHARDS medium-band filters, F687W17 and F823W17, we select [OII] emission line galaxies at z~0.84 and z~1.23 and characterize their physical properties. Their rest-frame equivalent widths (EW$_{\mathrm{rf}}$([OII])), line fluxes, luminosities, star formation rates (SFRs) and dust attenuation properties are investigated. The evolution of the EW$_{\mathrm{rf}}$([OII]) closely follows the SFR density evolution of the universe, with a trend of EW$_{\mathrm{rf}}$([OII])$\propto$(1+z)$^3$ up to redshift z~1, followed by a possible flattening. The SF properties of the galaxies selected on the basis of their [OII] emission are compared with complementary samples of SFGs selected by their MIR and FIR emission, and also with a general mass-selected sample of galaxies at the same redshifts. We demonstrate observationally that the UVJ diagram (or, similarly, a cut in the specific SFR) is only partially able to distinguish the quiescent galaxies from the SFGs. The SFR-M$_*$ relation is investigated for the different samples, yelding a logarithmic slope ~1, in good agreement with previous results. The dust attenuations derived from different SFR indicators (UV(1600), UV(2800), [OII], IR) are compared and show clear trends with respect to both the stellar mass and total SFR, with more massive and highly star-forming galaxies being affected by stronger dust attenuation.Comment: Replaced to match the accepted version (24 pages, 1 table, 17 figures). Published in ApJ, 812, 155 (2015): http://stacks.iop.org/0004-637X/812/15