Ansiedad en gastroscopias: Comparación de dos intervenciones de enfermería en gastroscopias sin sedación.

There is a disparity between nurses about the ideal role of nurses in endoscopies without sedation. Some nurses think that providing information to the patient is sufficient to reduce anxiety and improve tolerance and satisfaction, while others believe that behavioral training and positive reinforcement during the procedure are also necessary. The objectives of this study were to test the differences that are produced in the patient’s state of anxiety between the two types of nursing intervention, as well as in the patient’s tolerance and satisfaction. The study included 109 outpatients who had an endoscopy without sedation. They were divided into two groups, the experimental group who received nursing support based on information, behavioral training and positive reinforcement during the procedure, and the control group, who received nursing support based solely on information provided about the procedure. Anxiety was evaluated with a STAI-state test and with psychophysiological parameters at different moments during the process. The data was analyzed with repeated measures of analysis of the variance, which resulted in the following: the STAI score decreased more in the experimental group. Tolerance was greater in the experimental group, patient satisfaction was equal in the two groups, and the difference in the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate was equal in the two groups. Experimental investigations are useful in nursing to obtain scientific evidence about the ideal clinical practice. It is possible to improve the tolerance of gastroscopy and reduce anxiety due to the procedure, with the intervention of the nurses centered in the cognitive and behavioral aspects of the person.Existe disparidad en las percepciones que las enfermeras de endoscopias  tenemos sobre la intervención de enfermería idónea en gastroscopias sin sedación. Algunas enfermeras  piensan  que el aporte de información es suficiente para reducir la ansiedad, mejorar la tolerancia y satisfacción, mientras  otras defienden que además es necesario  un entrenamiento conductual y un refuerzo positivo durante la prueba.Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron comprobar las diferencias que se producían en el estado de  ansiedad del paciente entre las dos intervenciones de enfermería, así como en la tolerancia y su satisfacción.Se incluyeron 109 pacientes que acudieron vía ambulatoria a realizarse una gastroscopia sin sedación. Se dividieron en dos grupos, el  experimental, con una intervención basada en información, entrenamiento conductual y refuerzo positivo durante la exploración y el control, con una intervención basada en la información. La  ansiedad se evaluó con el test STAI-estado y con  parámetros psicofísicos en diferentes momentos del proceso.Los datos se analizaron con medidas repetidas de análisis de la variancia que  aportaron los siguientes resultados: la puntuación del STAI disminuyó más en el grupo experimental (p=0,035). La tolerancia fue  mejor en el grupo experimental (p= 0,008), la satisfacción del paciente fue  igual en los dos grupos (p=0,5) la diferencia en los valores de tensión arterial sistólica, diastólica y frecuencia cardíaca fue  igual en los dos grupos (p=0,085, p=0,690, p=0,984)Las investigaciones experimentales son posibles en enfermería para obtener evidencias científicas sobre la idónea práctica clínica. Es posible mejorar la tolerancia de la gastroscopia y disminuir la ansiedad debida al procedimiento,  con una intervención de enfermería centrada en el aspecto cognitivo y conductual de la persona

Phenotypic Differences in a PRPH2 Mutation in Members of the Same Family Assessed with OCT and OCTA

Choroidal dystrophies comprise a group of chorioretinal degenerations. However, the different findings observed among these patients make it difficult to establish a correct clinical diagnosis. The objective of this study was to characterize new clinical findings by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in these patients. Four family members with a PRPH2 gene mutation (p.Arg195Leu) were included. OCT was performed at the macula, and the thickness of the outer and inner retina, total retina, and choroid was measured. The features of the vascular network were analyzed by OCTA. Patients showed a decreased outer nuclear layer in the avascular area compared with the controls. Two patients presented greater foveal and parafoveal degeneration of the outer retina, whereas the most degenerated area in the rest was the perifovea. Disruption of the third outer band at the foveola is one of the first-altered outer bands. Slow blood flow areas or capillary dropout were main signs in the deep capillary plexus. Microaneurysms were frequently observed in less degenerated retinas. Vascular loops and intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMAs) were present in the superficial plexus. Extensive degeneration of the choriocapillaris was detected. Phenotypic differences were found between patients: two showed central areolar choroidal dystrophy and the rest had extensive chorioretinal atrophy. These signs observed in OCT and OCTA can help to more appropriately define the clinical disease in patients with choroidal dystrophies.This research was funded by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FEDER- PID2019-106230RB-I00, RD16/0008/0001), Spanish Ministry of Universities (FPU16/04114 and FPU18/02964), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RETICS-FEDER RD16/0008/0016), Asociación Retina Asturias/Cantabria, FARPE-FUNDALUCE, and Generalitat Valenciana (IDIFEDER/2017/064)

RosneT: A block tensor algebra library for out-of-core quantum computing simulation

With the advent of more powerful Quantum Computers, the need for larger Quantum Simulations has boosted. As the amount of resources grows exponentially with size of the target system Tensor Networks emerge as an optimal framework with which we represent Quantum States in tensor factorizations. As the extent of a tensor network increases, so does the size of intermediate tensors requiring HPC tools for their manipulation. Simulations of medium-sized circuits cannot fit on local memory, and solutions for distributed contraction of tensors are scarce. In this work we present RosneT, a library for distributed, out-of-core block tensor algebra. We use the PyCOMPSs programming model to transform tensor operations into a collection of tasks handled by the COMPSs runtime, targeting executions in existing and upcoming Exascale supercomputers. We report results validating our approach showing good scalability in simulations of Quantum circuits of up to 53 qubits.We acknowledge support from project QuantumCAT (ref. 001- P-001644), co-funded by the Generalitat de Catalunya and the European Union Regional Development Fund within the ERDF Operational Program of Catalunya, and European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 951911 (AI4Media). This work has also been partially supported by the Spanish Government (PID2019-107255GB) and by Generalitat de Catalunya (contract 2014-SGR-1051). This work is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the framework of the ERFD Operative Programme for Catalunya 2014-2020, with 1.527.637,88C. Anna Queralt is a Serra Hunter Fellow.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Los Ingenieros militares en España. siglo XVIII: repertorio biográfico e inventario de su labor científica y espacial

El repertorio biogràfico que hoy publicamos constituye el primer resultado de una investigación más amplia sobre el tema La formación científica y la actividad espacial de los Ingenieras Militares en España durante el siglo XVIII, que se inició en el curso de doctorado impartido por el Dr. Horacio Capel en 1979-80. Dicho trabajo se inserta, a su vez, en un plan de investigación que trata de reconstruir la historia de la geografía española y de las ideas acerca del espacio desde la Revolución Científica del siglo XVII hasta nuestros dias. Aspecto esencial de esta investigación es el analisis sociolégico de algunas comunidades y corporaciones científicas que, junto con los geógrafos, han desarrollado una reflexión acerca del espacio, contribuido a su representación cartográfica o bien realizado algún tipo de intervención espacia1 que implique la transformación de la superficie terrestre. Se trata de investigar el funcionamiento de las comunidades científicas y los factores sociales que influyen en la evolución del pensamiento geográfico, poniendo especial énfasis en la incidencia de la profesionalización e institucionalización en el desarrollo de la ciencia

Mesonia oceanica sp. Nov., isolated from oceans during the tara oceans expedition, with a preference for mesopelagic waters

Strain ISS653T, isolated from Atlantic seawater, is a yellow pigmented, non-motile, Gram-reaction-negative rod-shaped bac-terium, strictly aerobic and chemoorganotrophic, slightly halophilic (1-15% NaCl) and mesophilic (4-37 °C), oxidase-and catalase-positive and proteolytic. Its major cellular fatty acids are iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 2-OH, and iso-C17:0 3-OH; the major identified phospholipid is phosphatidylethanolamine and the major respiratory quinone is MK6. Genome size is 4.28 Mbp and DNA G+C content is 34.9 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity places the strain among members of the family Flavobacteriaceae, with the type strains of Mesonia phycicola (93.2%), Salegentibacter mishustinae (93.1%) and Mesonia mobilis (92.9%) as closest relatives. Average amino acid identity (AAI) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) indices show highest values with M. mobilis (81% AAI; 78.9% ANI), M. phycicola (76% AAI; 76.3% ANI), Mesonia maritima (72% AAI, 74.9% ANI), Mesonia hippocampi (64% AAI, 70.8% ANI) and Mesonia algae (68% AAI; 72.2% ANI). Phylogenomic analysis using the Up-to-date-Bacterial Core Gene set (UBCG) merges strain ISS653T in a clade with species of the genus Mesonia. We conclude that strain ISS653T represents a novel species of the genus Mesonia for which we propose the name Mesonia oceanica sp. nov., and strain ISS653T (=CECT 9532T=LMG 31236T) as the type strain. A second strain of the species, ISS1889 (=CECT 30008) was isolated from Pacific Ocean seawater. Data obtained throughout the Tara oceans expedition indicate that the species is more abundant in the mesopelagic dark ocean than in the photic layer and it is more frequent in the South Pacific, Indian and North Atlantic oceans

The molecular clock protein Bmal1 regulates cell differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells

Mammals optimize their physiology to the light–dark cycle by synchronization of the master circadian clock in the brain with peripheral clocks in the rest of the tissues of the body. Circadian oscillations rely on a negative feedback loop exerted by the molecular clock that is composed by transcriptional activators Bmal1 and Clock, and their negative regulators Period and Cryptochrome. Components of the molecular clock are expressed during early development, but onset of robust circadian oscillations is only detected later during embryogenesis. Here, we have used na¨ıve pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to study the role of Bmal1 during early development. We found that, compared to wild-type cells, Bmal12/2 mESCs express higher levels of Nanog protein and altered expression of pluripotencyassociated signalling pathways. Importantly, Bmal12/2 mESCs display deficient multi-lineage cell differentiation capacity during the formation of teratomas and gastrula-like organoids. Overall, we reveal that Bmal1 regulates pluripotent cell differentiation and propose that the molecular clock is an hitherto unrecognized regulator of mammalian development.Ramon y Cajal grant of the Spanish ministry of economy and competitiveness RYC2012-10019Spanish ministry of economy and competitiveness BFU2016-75233-PAndalusian regional government PC-0246-2017Fundacion Progreso y Salud (FPS)Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Union (EU) CPII17/00032 PI17/01574University of Granad

Talleres prácticos y salidas profesionales en Psicología

Memoria ID-0264. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2014-2015

Diversity and conservation of the Gredos Regional Park peatlands (Iberian Central System, Spain): Geomorphological and geobotanical characterisation and incoming threats

High-mountain peatlands are essential ecosystems for habitats, biodiversity, water, and carbon cycling, but there is little comprehensive information in central Iberia. We present results of research concerning the distribution, geormorphology, floristic, geobotany, and habitat diversity of peatlands in the Gredos Regional Park (Iberian Central System). We identified 72 peatlands covering 117 ha and ranging in size from 0.01 to 17.34 ha. Peatlands occur primarily in the upper orosubmediterranean bioclimatic belt at 1775–2230 m asl. From a geomorphological point of view, 9 different peatland typologies have been defined. Multivariate analyses (agglomerative cluster analysis and principal component analysis) of 103 relevés allowed us to classify the sampled peatland stands into 7 plant communities and 4 European habitats that formed along complex hydrogeomorphic conditions, and to propose a new subassociation of other community previously described (Caricetum echinato-nigrae lycopodielletosum inundatae). The main threat to Gredensean peatlands is pastoral pressure, which affects 15 of them intensively, mainly between the upper supramediterranean and the lower orosubmediterranean bioclimatic belts (~1314–1700 m asl). Seven bryophytes and three vascular plants documented in the Gredos Regional Park peatlands are included in the IUCN Red List. From the point of view of conservation priority, the most threatened correspond to transition mires communities (Habitat 7140) growing in oligotrophic and minerotrophic peatlands (Caricion nigrae vegetation). Particularly, the Iberian Central System endemic Sedo lagascae-Eriophoretum latifolii association is the one that has achieved the highest score in the five criteria considered in this regard because Meesia triquetra, a species with the category of “critically endangered”, inhabits it

Palaeoenvironmental changes in the Iberian central system during the Late-glacial and Holocene as inferred from geochemical data: A case study of the Navamuño depression in western Spain

The Iberian Central System (ICS) is a clue region to reveal Mediterranean/Atlantic inferences over Iberia. We present a multidisciplinary study from western Spain conducted in the Navamuno ˜ depression (ND), covering the last 16.8 ka (cal BP). A reconstruction of the palaeotemperature from the resulting geochemical data highlights four cold and dry intervals, namely, the Oldest Dryas, Older Dryas, Intra-Allerød Cold Period (IACP), and the Younger Dryas, along with warmer intervals: the Bølling (14.7–14 ka) and the Allerød (12.9–12.6 ka); however, the Greenland Interstadial GI-1c (13.4–13.1 ka) is barely distinguishable in the ND. Despite the shortage of biomass to sustain fire, the earliest charcoals are from ~14.4–13.8 ka. Evidence of ash/dust events overprinting the geochemical background starts at ~13.8–12.8 ka. Significant fire activity in the Early Holocene at ~11.7–10.6 ka affected the ND, matching the westernmost ICS data. This period includes short oceanic spells inferred from Cl peaks at ~10.9–10.2 ka and three cold intervals at 11.4, 9.3, and 8.2 ka disrupted the progressive temperature increase. The Mid-Holocene showed a continuously increasing trend towards an arid climate, peaking at 4.2 ka under a pervasive dust influx from North Africa, which has prevailed since almost ~7.9 ka. A prominent volcanic event at ~6.8–5.8 ka is in Navamuno ˜ and Ronanzas ˜ (Asturias, N Spain; Gallego et al., 2013) identified from heavy metal-rich layer, synchronous with the last known eruption of the Calatrava volcanic field (South-Central Spain; Poblete-Piedrabuena et al., 2019). This volcanic eruption could affect many other regions half north of Iberia. The pervasive presence of oceanic aerosols in the last three millennia (2.8 ka ~ ) allowed the formation of a Cl-rich peat layer during the Ibero-Roman humid period ~2.1 ka, before a changing around ~0.4 ka toward colder and drier conditions at the Little Ice Age (LIA) periodThis study was funded by the LATESICE-CGL2016-78380-P, FINICES- PID2020-117685 GB-I00 and MED-REFUGIA-RTI2018-101714-BI00 (Plan Nacional I + D + I, Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities) projects

Cancer mortality inequalities in urban areas: a Bayesian small area analysis in Spanish cities

Background: Intra-urban inequalities in mortality have been infrequently analysed in European contexts. The aim of the present study was to analyse patterns of cancer mortality and their relationship with socioeconomic deprivation in small areas in 11 Spanish cities. Methods: It is a cross-sectional ecological design using mortality data (years 1996-2003). Units of analysis were the census tracts. A deprivation index was calculated for each census tract. In order to control the variability in estimating the risk of dying we used Bayesian models. We present the RR of the census tract with the highest deprivation vs. the census tract with the lowest deprivation. Results: In the case of men, socioeconomic inequalities are observed in total cancer mortality in all cities, except in Castellon, Cordoba and Vigo, while Barcelona (RR = 1.53 95%CI 1.42-1.67), Madrid (RR = 1.57 95%CI 1.49-1.65) and Seville (RR = 1.53 95%CI 1.36-1.74) present the greatest inequalities. In general Barcelona and Madrid, present inequalities for most types of cancer. Among women for total cancer mortality, inequalities have only been found in Barcelona and Zaragoza. The excess number of cancer deaths due to socioeconomic deprivation was 16,413 for men and 1,142 for women. Conclusion: This study has analysed inequalities in cancer mortality in small areas of cities in Spain, not only relating this mortality with socioeconomic deprivation, but also calculating the excess mortality which may be attributed to such deprivation. This knowledge is particularly useful to determine which geographical areas in each city need intersectorial policies in order to promote a healthy environment.This article was partially supported by Fondo de Investigaciones Ssanitarias (FIS) projects numbers PI042013, PI040041, PI040170, PI040069, PI042602 PI040388, PI040489, PI042098 , PI041260, PI040399, PI081488 and by the CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain and by the program of “Intensificación de la Actividad Investigadora (Carme Borrell)” funded by the “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” and “Departament de Salut. Generalitat de Catalunya”