Aggressive immunosuppressive treatment of Susac's syndrome in an adolescent: using treatment of dermatomyositis as a model

We describe aggressive immunosuppressive treatment of an adolescent with Susac's syndrome (SS), a disease of the microvasculature in the brain, retina, and inner ear. Because the immunopathogenesis of SS appears to have much in common with that of juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), the patient was treated with an approach that has been effective for severe JDM. The patient's outcome provides evidence for the importance of prompt, aggressive, and sustained immunosuppressive treatment of encephalopathic SS

The CFHTLS Strong Lensing Legacy Survey: I. Survey overview and T0002 release sample

AIMS: We present data from the CFHTLS Strong Lensing Legacy Survey (SL2S). Due to the unsurpassed combined depth, area and image quality of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey it is becoming possible to uncover a large, statistically well-defined sample of strong gravitational lenses which spans the dark halo mass spectrum predicted by the concordance model from galaxy to cluster haloes. METHODS: We describe the development of several automated procedures to find strong lenses of various mass regimes in CFHTLS images. RESULTS: The preliminary sample of about 40 strong lensing candidates discovered in the CFHTLS T0002 release, covering an effective field of view of 28 deg$^2$ is presented. These strong lensing systems were discovered using an automated search and consist mainly of gravitational arc systems with splitting angles between 2 and 15 arcsec. This sample shows for the first time that it is possible to uncover a large population of strong lenses from galaxy groups with typical halo masses of about $10^{13}h^{-1}M_\odot$. We discuss the future evolution of the SL2S project and its main scientific aims for the next 3 years, in particular our observational strategy to extract the hundreds of gravitational rings also present in these fields.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, A&A in pres

Хірургічне лікування нирковоклітинного раку з внутрішньовенозним розповсюдженням та імплантацією тромбу в стінку нижньої порожнистої вени

This work presents the results of surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma with internally venous dissemination and implantation of thrombus intra vena cava inferior tissue. In 3 cases was performed a prosthesis of vena cava inferior byGoreTexor PTFE prothesis (2 – above the renal veins, 1 – below the renal veins). Histologically confirmed an invasion of tumor thrombus by renal cell carcinoma intra vena cava inferior tissue is an evidence to resection of tissue or an area of vena cava inferior which repairs via prosthesis.У роботі представлено результати хірургічного лікування нирковоклітинного раку з внутрішньовенозним розповсюдженням та імплантацією тромбу в стінку нижньої порожнистої вени. У 3 випадках виконано протезування нижньої порожнистої вени протезами Gore Tex чи ПТФЕ (2 – вище ниркових вен, 1 – нижче ниркових вен). Гістологічно підтверджена інвазія пухлинного тромбу при нирковоклітинному раку в стінку нижньої порожнистої вени є показанням до резекції стінки чи ділянки нижньої порожнистої вени, яка відновлюється за допомогою протезування

Gauging the dark matter fraction in a L∗L_* S0 galaxy at z=0.47 through gravitational lensing from deep HST/ACS imaging

We analyze a new gravitational lens, OAC-GL J1223-1239, serendipitously found in a deep I-band image of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The lens is a L_*, edge-on S0 galaxy at z=0.4656. The gravitational arc has a radius of 0.42 arcsec. We have determined the total mass and the dark matter (DM) fraction within the Einstein radius as a function of the lensed source redshift, which is presently unknown. For z ~ 1.3, which is in the middle of the redshift range plausible for the source according to some external constraints, we find the central velocity dispersion to be ~180 km/s. With this value, close to that obtained by means of the Faber-Jackson relation at the lens redshift, we compute a 30% DM fraction within the Einstein radius (given the uncertainty in the source redshift, the allowed range for the DM fraction is 25-35 % in our lensing model). When compared with the galaxies in the local Universe, the lensing galaxy, OAC-GL J1223-1239 seems to fall in the transition regime between massive DM dominated galaxies and lower-mass, DM deficient systems.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in Ap

The Structure & Dynamics of Massive Early-type Galaxies: On Homology, Isothermality and Isotropy inside one Effective Radius

Based on 58 SLACS strong-lens early-type galaxies with direct total-mass and stellar-velocity dispersion measurements, we find that inside one effective radius massive elliptical galaxies with M_eff >= 3x10^10 M_sun are well-approximated by a power-law ellipsoid with an average logaritmic density slope of = -dlog(rho_tot)/dlog(r)=2.085^{+0.025}_{-0.018} (random error on mean) for isotropic orbits with beta_r=0, +-0.1 (syst.) and sigma_gamma' <= 0.20^{+0.04}_{-0.02} intrinsic scatter (all errors indicate the 68 percent CL). We find no correlation of gamma'_LD with galaxy mass (M_eff), rescaled radius (i.e. R_einst/R_eff) or redshift, despite intrinsic differences in density-slope between galaxies. Based on scaling relations, the average logarithmic density slope can be derived in an alternative manner, fully independent from dynamics, yielding =1.959 +- 0.077. Agreement between the two values is reached for =0.45 +- 0.25, consistent with mild radial anisotropy. This agreement supports the robustness of our results, despite the increase in mass-to-light ratio with total galaxy mass: M_eff ~ L_{V,eff}^(1.363+-0.056). We conclude that massive early-type galaxies are structurally close-to homologous with close-to isothermal total density profiles (<=10 percent intrinsic scatter) and have at most some mild radial anisotropy. Our results provide new observational limits on galaxy formation and evolution scenarios, covering four Gyr look-back time.Comment: Accepted for publication by ApJL; 4 pages, 2 figure

A new gravitational lens from the MUSCLES survey: ULAS J082016.1+081216

We present observations of a new double-image gravitational lens system, ULAS J082016.1+081216, of image separation 2.3" and high (~6) flux ratio. The system is selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectroscopic quasar list using new high-quality images from the UKIRT Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS). The lensed quasar has a source redshift of 2.024, and we identify the lens galaxy as a faint red object of redshift 0.803+/-0.001. Three other objects from the UKIDSS survey, selected in the same way, were found not to be lens systems. Together with the earlier lens found using this method, the SDSS-UKIDSS lenses have the potential to significantly increase the number of quasar lenses found in SDSS, to extend the survey to higher flux ratios and lower separations, and to give greater completeness which is important for statistical purposes.Comment: Accepted by MNRAS. 6 pages, 5 figure

The redshift distribution of gravitational lenses revisited: Constraints on galaxy mass evolution

The redshifts of lens galaxies in known gravitational lens systems probe the volume distribution of lensing mass. Following earlier work by Kochanek, we re-derive the lens redshift probability distribution, allowing for mass and number density evolution of the lensing galaxies, and apply this test to a much enlarged sample of lens systems. From a literature survey of all known lenses, we have selected an unbiased sample of 15 lenses with complete redshift information. For a flat Universe and no lens evolution, we can only put an upper limit on the cosmological constant of Omega_lambda<0.89 at the 95% CL. Omega_lambda~0.7 and no evolution is consistent with the data. Allowing for evolution in an Omega_m=0.3, Omega_lambda=0.7 cosmology, we find that the best-fit evolution in sigma* (i.e., the characteristic velocity dispersion in a Schechter-like function) of early-type galaxies, in the redshift range z~0 to 1, is d[log sigma*(z)]/dz=-0.10+/-0.06. This is consistent with no evolution and implies that, at 95% CL, sigma* of early-type galaxies at z~1 was at least 63% of its current value. Alternatively, if there is no mass evolution, a present-day value of sigma*>175 km/s for elliptical galaxies is required (95% CL).Comment: 15 pages, MNRAS, in pres

Semi-empirical catalog of early-type galaxy-halo systems: dark matter density profiles, halo contraction and dark matter annihilation strength

With SDSS galaxy data and halo data from up-to-date N-body simulations we construct a semi-empirical catalog (SEC) of early-type systems by making a self-consistent bivariate statistical match of stellar mass (M_star) and velocity dispersion (sigma) with halo virial mass (M_vir). We then assign stellar mass profile and velocity dispersion profile parameters to each system in the SEC using their observed correlations with M_star and sigma. Simultaneously, we solve for dark matter density profile of each halo using the spherical Jeans equation. The resulting dark matter density profiles deviate in general from the dissipationless profile of NFW or Einasto and their mean inner density slope and concentration vary systematically with M_vir. Statistical tests of the distribution of profiles at fixed M_vir rule out the null hypothesis that it follows the distribution predicted by N-body simulations for M_vir ~< 10^{13.5-14.5} M_solar. These dark matter profiles imply that dark matter density is, on average, enhanced significantly in the inner region of halos with M_vir ~< 10^{13.5-14.5} M_solar supporting halo contraction. The main characteristics of halo contraction are: (1) the mean dark matter density within the effective radius has increased by a factor varying systematically up to ~ 3-4 at M_vir = 10^{12} M_solar, and (2) the inner density slope has a mean of ~ 1.3 with rho(r) ~ r^{-alpha} and a halo-to-halo rms scatter of rms(alpha) ~ 0.4-0.5 for 10^{12} M_solar ~< M_vir ~< 10^{13-14} M_solar steeper than the NFW profile (alpha=1). Based on our results we predict that halos of nearby elliptical and lenticular galaxies can, in principle, be promising targets for gamma-ray emission from dark matter annihilation.Comment: 43 pages, 20 figures, JCAP, revised and accepted versio

The mass distribution of a moderate redshift galaxy group and brightest group galaxy from gravitational lensing and kinematics

The gravitational lens system CLASS B2108+213 has two radio-loud lensed images separated by 4.56 arcsec. The relatively large image separation implies that the lensing is caused by a group of galaxies. In this paper, new optical imaging and spectroscopic data for the lensing galaxies of B2108+213 and the surrounding field galaxies are presented. These data are used to investigate the mass and composition of the lensing structure. The redshift and stellar velocity dispersion of the main lensing galaxy (G1) are found to be z = 0.3648 +/- 0.0002 and sigma_v = 325 +/- 25 km/s, respectively. The optical spectrum of the lensed quasar shows no obvious emission or absorption features and is consistent with a BL Lac type radio source. However, the tentative detection of the G-band and Mg-b absorption lines, and a break in the spectrum of the host galaxy of the lensed quasar gives a likely source redshift of z = 0.67. Spectroscopy of the field around B2108+213 finds 51 galaxies at a similar redshift to G1, thus confirming that there is a much larger structure at z ~ 0.365 associated with this system. The width of the group velocity distribution is 694 +/- 93 km/s, but is non-Gaussian, implying that the structure is not yet viralized. The main lensing galaxy is also the brightest group member and has a surface brightness profile consistent with a typical cD galaxy. A lensing and dynamics analysis of the mass distribution, which also includes the newly found group members, finds that the logarithmic slope of the mass density profile is on average isothermal inside the Einstein radius, but steeper at the location of the Einstein radius. This apparent change in slope can be accounted for if an external convergence gradient, representing the underlying parent halo of the galaxy group, is included in the mass model.Comment: 18 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA

Neurocognition with maraviroc compared with tenofovir in HIV

To determine whether maraviroc (MVC) has unique neurocognitive benefits in the context of initial antiretroviral therapy (ART)