Perfil polínico de un depósito glacio-lacustre, de posible edad Würm, en el macizo central de Gredos (Ávila)

El contenido polinice del perfil presentado (correspondiente a un depósito situado en la vertiente Norte de l Nacizo Central de Gredas) s upone . una nueva aportación al conocimiento de l clima y la vegetación durante e l Cuaternario reciente en el Sistema Central. La s i t uación del depósito permi t e, en base a criterios exclusivamente geomorfo l ógicos, establecer su origen y etapa f uncional durante el máximo glaciar correspondiente a l a :fase \~ ü rn.The pollen content of a deposi t from t he north of t he central region of t he Sierra de Gredos (province of Avila, Spain ) prov i des the basi s for an improvement in our knowledge of the climate and vegetation of this area during the Quaternary . Geomorphological data re l ates t his deposi t to the period of Maxi mum glaciation in the Würm phas

Datos preliminares de los análisis polínicos de las tollas ubicadas en Galve de Sorbe (Guadalajara)

Se presentan los datos palinológicos obtenidos de l as t u•'beras localizadas en Gal ve de Sorbe 1 Guadalajara) . Dichos da tos constituyen una aportación al conocimiento del cl:!.:na y de la vegetaci6n durante el Cuaternario reciente en el Sis'tema Centralwe disp:ay palinolo&ic data obtained froc11 swnc peal sited i n Galve de Sorbe (Guadalajara) . It is a contribuüon 1n order to know clima te ond ve¡¡elalíon during :ate Ouaternary in Sistema Centra

Primeros datos polínicos de la secuencia "fuentillejo-1" de la laguna del Maar de Fuentillejo (Campo de Calatrava, Ciudad Real)

XV lnternational A.P.L.E. Symposium of Palynolog

Pollen record during the Eemian from the Fuentillejo maar-lake sequence (Ciudad Real, Spain)

The Fuentillejo maar is located in the Central Spanish Volcanic Field of Campo de Calatrava (Ciudad Real). Fuentillejo maar-Iake is a c10sed system covering over 142 m depth oflacustrine sediments; it is one ofthe best examples oflong and continuous cores at terrestrial site from the Iberian Peninsula. PalynoIogical, mineralogical and sedimentary facies analysis were performed to characterize the sedimentary record during the Last Interglacial. In core FUENT-l this period (dated in 133 ka-120 ka) is detected between 45,90-56,90 m depth. Sedimentology point of view is characterized by develop of lacustrine facies, fineIy laminated black-brown doIomicrite mud and sapropeIIayers (Sedimentary Units 16,6-17-18). The vegetation is characterised by high polIen taxa diversity (around 50 polIen taxa of terrestriaI types, 5 polIen taxa of aquatic types, spores and 9 types of non palynological microfossils-NPM) together with a high content in the Mediterranean and mesic forest components (Quercus evergreen, Oleaceae, Quercus decidous and CoryIus), tipical ofwarm and humid conditions, and a few content on Artemisia, Pinus and Juniperus taxa (typicaI of coId or warm arid phases). The scarce forest development can be interpreted from the polIen record of mesophilus and thermophilous vegetation of the FUENT-1 sequence, in which only 40-50% of total polIen come from arboreaI associations. These vaIues for arboreal pollen content are low compared with other European polIen sequences

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults

Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities 1,2 . This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity 3�6 . Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55 of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017�and more than 80 in some low- and middle-income regions�was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing�and in some countries reversal�of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories. © 2019, The Author(s)

Contribución al estudio del periglaciarismo en la Sierra de Gredos

Se estudian las principales características del fenómeno periglaciar presente en la Sierra de Gredos. Las formas de denudación y los depósitos se agrupan en dos grandes apartados (según el proceso que los genera) que tienen su expresión en otras tantas áreas(más una de carácter mixto) en el esquema geomorfológico: área de la crioturbación (cuyo límite inferior altitudinal se sitúa en torno a las curvas de 2.000-2.100 mts.) y el área de la gelifracción (1.100 mts.).Se describe, igualmente, la evolución general de las distintas formas periglaciares tanto en el tiempo (asociadas al glaciarismo cuaternario) corno en el espacio (seriación en la vertical). Por último, se plantea la problemática de la extensión e importancia de los fenómenos periglaciares actuale