Traducción cualificada al castellano y evaluación psicométrica del reflective functioning questionnaire en población general y en trastornos de personalidad españoles adultos

262 p.La función reflexiva (FR) es la habilidad para entenderse a sí mismo o a los demás en términos de estados mentales intencionales. Sus fallos se han vinculado a distintos trastornos mentales y las intervenciones que la mejoran han demostrado ser terapéuticas. La FR de los padres influye en el apego de sus hijos. El Reflective Functioning Quetionnaire (RFQ8) ha sido ampliamente utilizado en la evaluación de la FR. Incluye una escala de incertidumbre (RFQi) y otra de certidumbre (RFQc). No existen instrumentos que midan la FR general en población española. El objetivo del estudio es desarrollar una versión española del RFQ y evaluarla psicométricamente en población general y trastornos de personalidad (TP). Metodología: 602 participantes no clínicos y 41 con TP completaron una traducción española del RFQ y una batería de cuestionarios autoaplicados evaluando constructos relacionados con la mentalización (alexitimia, toma de perspectiva, difusión de identidad y mindfulness), psicopatología general y específica, y problemas interpersonales. Se evaluó la estabilidad temporal en una submuestra no clínica de 113 participantes. Resultados: En el análisis factorial exploratorio un modelo bifactorial explicó el 53,02% de la varianza. El análisis factorial confirmatorio sugirió un modelo de dos factores, aunque la RFQi solo ajustó parcialmente al modelo. Ambas escalas mostraron buena consistencia interna en ambas muestras y una estabilidad temporal adecuada. La RFQi correlacionó significativamente con difusión de identidad, alexitimia, mindfulness, toma de perspectiva y psicopatología general. La RFQc mostro correlaciones inversas y también correlacionó con problemas intepersonales. Ambas escalas diferenciaron entre grupos conocidos, incluidos el grupo clínico y el no clínico. Discusión: Se proporciona la primera evidencia de una adecuada fiabilidad y validez de la versión española del RFQ en población general y TP

Susceptibilidad al azinfosmetil en machos adultos de la polilla de la manzana en un huerto de Colbun.

31 p.La polilla de la manzana (Cydia pomomella) es la principal plaga de las pomáceas en Chile, siendo controlada casi exclusivamente con aplicaciones de insecticidas organofosforados. En el presente trabajo se evaluó la resistencia a insecticidas de los adultos de esta plaga en un huerto de manzano de la Región del Maule (35°S 40'W). Durante la temporada 2005/2006, se recolectaron machos adultos mediante trampas de feromona sexual, para ser sometidos a la administración tópica de una dosis diagnóstico de azinfosmetil (organofosforado). Se observó una mortalidad de 94,8% en los machos adultos tratados con azinfosmetil a las 24 horas postratamiento, en cambio el tratamiento testigo sólo con el solvente (acetona) no presentó mortalidad antes de las 24 horas postratamiento. Por lo tanto, los machos adultos de la polilla de la manzana del huerto estudiado presentaron alta susceptibilidad al azinfosmetil

Anemia ferropénica de etiología infrecuente.

Caso clínico de un paciente varón de 70 años que fue ingresado en el servicio de Medicina Interna del hospital clínico Lozano Blesa para estudio de una anemia ferropénica. Fue diagnosticado de un linfoma B difuso de células grandes, tratado y actualmente en remisión completa

Estudio sobre la caída de los cuerpos

The present article intends to show the implementation of one of the subjects for physics in high school, where it is detected difficulty to be assimilated and related to the environment, so this subject that corresponds to free fall is worked in theoretical and experimental aspects to develop in the physics students, concepts and applications of notions such as gravity, weight, mass, and forces acting on bodies when falling in the presence of a gravitational field. Three practical and simple experiments together with mental experiments serve as the stage to develop these notions and thus find relationships with the environment.El presente artículo pretende mostrar la implementación de uno de los temas para física en la escuela a nivel de bachillerato, donde en donde se detecta dificultad para ser asimilados y relacionados con el entorno, así pues este tema que corresponde a caída libre se desarrolla en en los aspectos teórico y experimental para desarrollar en el estudiante de física los conceptos y aplicaciones de nociones como la gravedad, el peso, la masa, y las fuerzas que actúan sobre los cuerpos al caer en presencia de un campo gravitacional. Tres experimentos prácticos y simples junto con experimentos mentales sirven de escenario para desarrollar dichas nociones y así encontrar relaciones con el entorno

Ciber agricultura familiar en tiempo de COVID 19, contexto Guano- Ecuador

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic generated a socio-economic crisis, making traditional transactions impossible due to quarantine and social distancing, it was necessary to adapt to new forms and family farming is no exception. Digital platforms have supported commercialization involving different actors, electronic commerce for farmers allowed a great technological leap, and an online market was created in Ecuador that contributed to creating a sustainable local food system of mutual benefit between farmer and consumer. Objective. Propose electronic commerce for peasant family agriculture in the Guano Canton in the context of the Covid 19 pandemic. Methodology. The main business models suitable for the commercialization of agricultural products of the Guano Canton were analyzed, the behavior of consumers and producers in virtual stores was evaluated in the framework of the COVID 19 pandemic, a business model was defined for the commercialization of agricultural products and derived from Canton Guano. Results. The study determined that for the Guano Canton the business model is B2C, business to consumer, with a classic merchant pattern. In addition, the design of the web page is presented based on the results of the investigation, with a user profile and an administrator profile with their respective menus for their functionality to support family farming in the Guano canton. Conclusion. The B2C business model for electronic commerce in the Guano canton allowed direct transactions between producer and final consumer. The platform "one click from your harvest" guarantees the management of a virtual agenda where the producers associated with their respective products offered are listed, guaranteeing the producer virtual marketing of their products at a fair price through the standardization of prices, in addition, this achieved that These products are part of the family baskets since the application of the Field School ensures the quality and quantity of production to comply with food sovereignty.Introducción. La pandemia por la COVID-19, generó una crisis socio económica, imposibilitando las transacciones tradicionales por la cuarentena y el distanciamiento social, fue necesario acoplarnos a nuevas formas y la agricultura familiar no es la excepción.  Las plataformas digitales han apoyado a la comercialización implicando diferentes actores, el comercio electrónico para agricultores permitió un gran salto tecnológico, ya se creó un mercado online en Ecuador que contribuyó a crear un sistema de alimentación local sostenible de beneficio mutuo entre agricultor y consumidor. Objetivo. Proponer comercio electrónico para la agricultura familiar campesina del Cantón Guano en el contexto de la pandemia Covid 19. Metodología. Se analizó los principales modelos de negocio aptos para la comercialización de productos agrícolas del Cantón Guano, se evaluó el comportamiento de consumidores y productores en tiendas virtuales en el marco de la pandemia COVID 19, se definió un modelo de negocio para la comercialización de productos agrícolas y derivados del Cantón Guano. Resultados. El estudio determinó que para el Cantón Guano el modelo de negocio es del tipo B2C, empresa a consumidor, con un patrón comerciante clásico. Además, se presenta el diseño de la página web en base a los resultados de la investigación, con un perfil de usuario y el de administrador con sus respectivos menús para su funcionalidad apoyar a la agricultura familiar en el cantón Guano. Conclusión. El modelo de negocio B2C para comercio electrónico en el cantón Guano permitió transacciones directas entre productor y consumidor final. La plataforma “a un clic de tu cosecha” garantiza el manejo de una agenda virtual donde constan los productores asociados con sus respectivos productos ofertados, garantizando al productor comercialización virtual de sus productos a un precio justo mediante la estandarización de precios, además este logró que estos productos formen parte de las canastas familiares ya que la aplicación de la Escuela de Campo asegura la calidad y cantidad de producción para cumplir la soberanía alimentaria

The Spanish version of the reflective functioning questionnaire: Validity data in the general population and individuals with personality disorders.

Introduction Mentalization or reflective functioning (RF) is the capacity to interpret oneself or the others in terms of internal mental states. Its failures have been linked to several mental disorders and interventions improving RF have a therapeutic effect. Mentalizing capacity of the parents influences the children’s attachment. The Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ-8) is a widely used tool for the assessment of RF. No instrument is available to assess general RF in Spanish-speaking samples. The aim of this study is to develop a Spanish version of the RFQ-8 and to evaluate its reliability and validity in the general population and in individuals with personality disorders. Methods 602 non-clinical and 41 personality disordered participants completed a Spanish translation of the RFQ and a battery of self-reported questionnaires assessing several RF related constructs (alexithymia, perspective taking, identity diffusion and mindfulness), psychopathology (general and specific) and interpersonal problems. Temporal stability was tested in a non-clinical sub-sample of 113 participants. Results Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a one-factor structure in the Spanish version of the RFQ-8. RFQ-8 understood as a single scale was tested, with low scorings reflecting genuine mentalizing, and high scorings uncertainty. The questionnaire showed good internal consistence in both samples and moderate temporal stability in non-clinical sample. RFQ correlated significantly with identity diffusion, alexithymia, and general psychopathology in both samples; and with mindfulness, perspective taking, and interpersonal problems in clinical sample. Mean values of the scale were significantly higher in the clinical group. Discussion This study provides evidence that the Spanish version of the RFQ-8, understood as a single scale, has an adequate reliability and validity assessing failures in reflective functioning (i.e., hypomentalization) in general population and personality disorders.The study received a Health Strategic Action fund from the Carlos III Health Institute of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. ID PI16/02058. https://www.isciii.es/QueHacemos/Financiacion/solicitudes/Paginas/default.aspx No researcher have received money from the fund. This kind of public funds are managed by public institutes (in this case BIOEF) that ensure this money is only used for some of the material resources necessary to carry out the investigation. https://www.bioef.org/es/ The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Maternal Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Levels Decrease during Early Pregnancy in Normotensive Pregnant Women but Are Higher in Preeclamptic Women—A Longitudinal Study

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) is an endocrine factor involved in glucose and lipid metabolism that exerts pleiotropic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum FGF-21 profile in healthy and mild preeclamptic pregnant women at each trimester of pregnancy; (2) Methods: Serum FGF-21 levels were determined by ELISA in a nested case-control study within a longitudinal cohort study that included healthy (n = 54) and mild preeclamptic (n = 20) pregnant women, women at three months after delivery (n = 20) and eumenorrheic women during the menstrual cycle (n = 20); (3) Results: FGF-21 levels were significantly lower in the mid-luteal phase compared to the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle in eumenorrheic women (p < 0.01). Maternal levels of FGF-21 were significantly lower in the first and second trimesters and peaked during the third trimester in healthy pregnant women (p < 0.01). Serum levels of FGF-21 in healthy pregnant were significantly lower in the first and second trimester of pregnancy compared with the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and postpartum (p < 0.01). Serum FGF-21 levels were significantly higher in preeclamptic compared to healthy pregnant women during pregnancy (p < 0.01); (4) Conclusions: These results suggest that a peak of FGF-21 towards the end of pregnancy in healthy pregnancy and higher levels in preeclamptic women might play a critical role that contributes to protecting against the negatives effects of high concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and hypertensive disorder. Furthermore, FGF-21 might play an important role in reproductive function in healthy eumenorrheic women during the menstrual cycle

The Spanish version of the reflective functioning questionnaire: Validity data in the general population and individuals with personality disorders

INTRODUCTION: Mentalization or reflective functioning (RF) is the capacity to interpret oneself or the others in terms of internal mental states. Its failures have been linked to several mental disorders and interventions improving RF have a therapeutic effect. Mentalizing capacity of the parents influences the children's attachment. The Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ-8) is a widely used tool for the assessment of RF. No instrument is available to assess general RF in Spanish-speaking samples. The aim of this study is to develop a Spanish version of the RFQ-8 and to evaluate its reliability and validity in the general population and in individuals with personality disorders. METHODS: 602 non-clinical and 41 personality disordered participants completed a Spanish translation of the RFQ and a battery of self-reported questionnaires assessing several RF related constructs (alexithymia, perspective taking, identity diffusion and mindfulness), psychopathology (general and specific) and interpersonal problems. Temporal stability was tested in a non-clinical sub-sample of 113 participants. RESULTS: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a one-factor structure in the Spanish version of the RFQ-8. RFQ-8 understood as a single scale was tested, with low scorings reflecting genuine mentalizing, and high scorings uncertainty. The questionnaire showed good internal consistence in both samples and moderate temporal stability in non-clinical sample. RFQ correlated significantly with identity diffusion, alexithymia, and general psychopathology in both samples; and with mindfulness, perspective taking, and interpersonal problems in clinical sample. Mean values of the scale were significantly higher in the clinical group. DISCUSSION: This study provides evidence that the Spanish version of the RFQ-8, understood as a single scale, has an adequate reliability and validity assessing failures in reflective functioning (i.e., hypomentalization) in general population and personality disorders

Maternal serum angiopoietin-like 3 levels in healthy and mild preeclamptic pregnant women

Objective: Angiopoietin-like protein 3(ANGPTL3) is an important regulator of lipoprotein metabolism in the fed state by inhibiting the enzyme lipoprotein lipase in oxidative tissues. However, the possible role of ANGPTL3 throughout gestation and its relationship with hormonal and biochemical variables are still unknown. The aim of this study was to determinate serum ANGPTL3 level in healthy non-pregnant women, during healthy and preeclamptic pregnancy and postpartum. Methods: Serum ANGPTL3 was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in a prospective cohort of healthy pregnant women (n = 52) and women with mild preeclampsia (n = 21), and women at three months postpartum (n = 20) and healthy non-pregnant women (n = 20). The results obtained were correlated with biochemical, hormonal and anthropometric variables and insulin resistance indices. Results: Levels of ANGPTL3 were not different between the follicular and the luteal phases of the cycle in healthy non-pregnant women. There was a significant reduction in serum ANGPTL3 levels from the first to the third trimester in healthy pregnant women compared with healthy non-pregnant and postpartum women (p 0.05) Conclusions: We describe for the first time the profile of ANGPTL3 throughout pregnancy and postpartum as well as and discussed about explore their potential contribution interactions with lipoprotein metabolism throughout pregnancy and postpartum. Thus, low levels of ANGPTL3 during pregnancy might favor lipid uptake in oxidative tissues as the main maternal energy source, while may helping to preserve glucose for use by the fetus and placenta.Fil: Garces, María Fernanda. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Rodriguez Navarro, Haiver Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Buell Acosta, Julieth Daniela. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Burgos Cardenas, Alvaro Javier. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Franco Vega, Roberto. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Maldonado Acosta, Luis Miguel. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Eslava Schmalbach, Javier. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Parada Baños, Arturo José. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Castro Pinzon, Andres. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Sanchez, Elizabeth. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Angel Muller, Edith. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Lacunza, Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Castaño, Justo P.. Universidad de Córdoba; EspañaFil: Dieguez, Carlos. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Nogueiras, Rubén. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Ruiz Parra, Ariel Ivan. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Caminos, Jorge Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Colombi

Environmental persistence, detection, and mitigation of endocrine disrupting contaminants in wastewater treatment plants – a review with a focus on tertiary treatment technologies

Endocrine disrupting chemicals are a group of contaminants that have severe effects on humans and animals when exposed, like cancer and alterations to the nervous and reproductive systems. The increasing concentrations of several endocrine disrupting chemicals in the environment are strongly related to anthropogenic activities, and as the population grows this problem becomes more relevant. Thus, wastewater is one of the main sources of endocrine disrupting chemicals, and the technologies employed during primary and secondary treatment in wastewater treatment plants cannot remove these contaminants. Due to this, researchers have tried to develop more efficient technologies for tertiary treatment of wastewater and reduce the concentration of endocrine disrupting chemicals discharged into the environment. Some of the most promising technologies include adsorption, ultrafiltration, advanced oxidation processes and biodegradation. The use of nanomaterials as adsorbents, catalysts, membranes and supports has played a key role in enhancing the efficiency of these technologies. The results showed that these technologies have great potential on the lab-scale, and even some of them have already been employed at some wastewater treatment plants. However, there are still some challenges to achieving a global implementation of these technologies, related to reducing the costs of materials and enhancing their current performance. The use of biomass/waste derived carbon materials and implementing hybrid technologies are accessible approaches for their implementation in tertiary treatment.This work is part of the project entitled “Contaminantes emergentes y prioritarios en las aguas reutilizadas en agricultura: riesgos y efectos en suelos, producción agrícola y entorno ambiental” funded by CSIC-Tecnológico de Monterrey under the i-Link + program (LINKB20030). The author “Jesús Alfredo Rodríguez-Hernández” acknowledges Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for awarding a scholarship for a PhD in nanotechnology (CVU: 924193). CONACyT is thankfully acknowledged for partially supporting this work under the Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI) program awarded to Rafael G. Araújo (CVU: 714118), Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernández (CVU: 375202), Elda M. Melchor-Martínez (CVU: 230784), Manuel Martinez-Ruiz (CVU: 418151), Hafiz M. N. Iqbal (CVU: 735340) and Roberto Parra-Saldívar (CVU: 35753). The authors are also thankful to “Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo” in the Latin American development network “Lacasas Inmovilizadas para la Degradación de Compuestos Aromáticos en Aguas Residuales” (LIDA, project 318RT0552). All listed authors are also grateful to their representative universities/institutes for providing literature facilities and the Biorender online program for the elaboration of the graphical abstract and Fig. 1–5.Peer reviewe