The source effect: Person descriptions by self versus others have differential effects on impression formation

Contains fulltext : 77260.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)Self-presentation via favorable self-descriptions may not lead to the desired impression, whereas positive descriptions by others may be more effective because they seem less susceptible to motivated bias. In four experiments, we investigated whether person descriptions have more impact on impressions when provided by third parties than by targets themselves. Results showed that target impressions were consistently more in line with the target description when positive sociability-related or positive competency-related information was given by a third party than by the target. This source effect always occurred for ratings of claimed traits. In addition, ratings of the target's sociability were also affected when the claim was about competency. Source effects were not obtained for negative self-descriptions. The results are discussed in terms of the presumed underlying process on the basis of mediation data.13 p

A pathogenic role for secretory IgA in IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is characterized by deposits of IgA in the renal mesangium. It is thought that deposits of IgA mainly involve high molecular weight (HMW) IgA1. However, there is limited information on the exact composition of HMW IgA in these deposits. In this study, we investigated the presence of secretory IgA (SIgA) in human serum and in the glomerular deposits of a patient with IgAN. Furthermore, we analyzed the interaction of SIgA with mesangial cells. With enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, SIgA concentrations in the serum of IgAN patients and healthy controls were measured. Both patients and controls had circulating SIgA that was restricted to the HMW fractions. Patients tended to have higher levels of SIgA, but this difference was not significant. However, in patients with IgAN, high serum SIgA concentrations were associated with hematuria. Binding of size-fractionated purified serum IgA and SIgA to mesangial cells was investigated with flow cytometry. These studies showed stronger binding of SIgA to primary mesangial cells compared to binding of serum IgA. Importantly, after isolation and elution of glomeruli from a nephrectomized transplanted kidney from a patient with recurrent IgAN, we demonstrated a 120-fold accumulation of SIgA compared to IgA1 in the eluate. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that SIgA strongly binds to human mesangial cells, and is present in significant amounts in serum. Furthermore, we showed that SIgA is accumulated in the glomeruli of an IgAN patient. These data suggest an important role for SIgA in the pathogenesis of IgAN

Pregnancy Outcomes in Women After Arterial Switch Operation for Transposition of the Great Arteries: Results From ROPAC (Registry of Pregnancy and Cardiac Disease) of the European Society of Cardiology EURObservational Research Programme.

Background In the past 3 decades, the arterial switch procedure has replaced the atrial switch procedure as treatment of choice for transposition of the great arteries. Although survival is superior after the arterial switch procedure, data on pregnancy outcomes are scarce and transposition of the great arteries after arterial switch is not yet included in the modified World Health Organization classification of maternal cardiovascular risk. Methods and Results The ROPAC (Registry of Pregnancy and Cardiac disease) is an international prospective registry of pregnant women with cardiac disease, part of the European Society of Cardiology EURObservational Research Programme. Pregnancy outcomes in all women after an arterial switch procedure for transposition of the great arteries are described. The primary end point was a major adverse cardiovascular event, defined as combined end point of maternal death, supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias requiring treatment, heart failure, aortic dissection, endocarditis, ischemic coronary events, and thromboembolic events. Altogether, 41 pregnant women (mean age, 26.7±3.9 years) were included, and there was no maternal mortality. A major adverse cardiovascular event occurred in 2 women (4.9%): heart failure in one (2.4%) and ventricular tachycardia in another (2.4%). One woman experienced fetal loss, whereas no neonatal mortality was observed. Conclusions Women after an arterial switch procedure for transposition of the great arteries tolerate pregnancy well, with a favorable maternal and fetal outcome. During counseling, most women should be reassured that the risk of pregnancy is low. Classification as modified World Health Organization risk class II seems appropriate

Managing cardiac emergencies in pregnancy

A multidisciplinary, high-risk team should evaluate all pregnant women presenting with an acute cardiac event. Such events are potentially devastating if not recognised early and treated by experienced specialists. Management decisions are determined by the severity of the maternal condition and fetal viability. The management of most cardiac complications is similar in pregnant and non-pregnant women. There are n

Peripartum cardiomyopathy: disease or syndrome?

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare form of pregnancy-associated heart failure and is considered to be a diagnosis of exclusion. There are many hypotheses on the aetiology of PPCM; however, the exact pathophysiological mechanism remains unknown. It shows many resemblances to other conditions, such as familial dilated cardiomyopathy or myocarditis, and therefore it can be hard to make a definite diagnosis. We describe four cases of peripartum-onset heart failure in women who were suspected of having PPCM. We discuss the differential diagnosis, pathophysiological mechanisms and various diagnostic modalities

Stratégiai szövetségek, a vállalati kapcsolati hálók átalakulása és a versenyképesség

Transplantation and autoimmunit

Menus for Feeding Black Holes

Black holes are the ultimate prisons of the Universe, regions of spacetime where the enormous gravity prohibits matter or even light to escape to infinity. Yet, matter falling toward the black holes may shine spectacularly, generating the strongest source of radiation. These sources provide us with astrophysical laboratories of extreme physical conditions that cannot be realized on Earth. This chapter offers a review of the basic menus for feeding matter onto black holes and discusses their observational implications.Comment: 27 pages. Accepted for publication in Space Science Reviews. Also to appear in hard cover in the Space Sciences Series of ISSI "The Physics of Accretion onto Black Holes" (Springer Publisher

Nuclear transparency from quasielastic A(e,e'p) reactions uo to Q^2=8.1 (GeV/c)^2

The quasielastic (e,e$^\prime$p) reaction was studied on targets of deuterium, carbon, and iron up to a value of momentum transfer $Q^2$ of 8.1 (GeV/c)$^2$. A nuclear transparency was determined by comparing the data to calculations in the Plane-Wave Impulse Approximation. The dependence of the nuclear transparency on $Q^2$ and the mass number $A$ was investigated in a search for the onset of the Color Transparency phenomenon. We find no evidence for the onset of Color Transparency within our range of $Q^2$. A fit to the world's nuclear transparency data reflects the energy dependence of the free proton-nucleon cross section.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure

Measurement of (anti)deuteron and (anti)proton production in DIS at HERA

The first observation of (anti)deuterons in deep inelastic scattering at HERA has been made with the ZEUS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 300--318 GeV using an integrated luminosity of 120 pb-1. The measurement was performed in the central rapidity region for transverse momentum per unit of mass in the range 0.3<p_T/M<0.7. The particle rates have been extracted and interpreted in terms of the coalescence model. The (anti)deuteron production yield is smaller than the (anti)proton yield by approximately three orders of magnitude, consistent with the world measurements.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, submitted to Nucl. Phys.