A New Trend in Human Reproduction - Women in the USA

The control a woman is allowed to have over her own reproductive system has been a recent popular topic of debate. Since the 1950\u27s, women have made up over half of the total United States population. With women making up the majority of the country\u27s citizens, it would be quite the contradiction for them to not have the right to make decisions about their own bodies. Over the last two decades many contraceptive and medical advances have assisted in a woman\u27s ability to make her own choice. An interesting trend in childbearing has occurred from this new wave of technologies. This project will dive in and explore some of the possible explanations of this current phenomenon. Course: Math 488 – Senior Capstonehttps://commons.und.edu/es-showcase/1010/thumbnail.jp

Isaac as Preached by Luther

This study will trace Luther\u27s exposition of the life of Isaac primarily as that exposition is found in his Genesis Commentary, although at times references will also be made to other writings of Luther in which Isaac is mentioned

Examining the benefits of technology in training

The purpose of this literature review is to provide an overview of significant literature published on the topic of the benefits of increased technology use for training as an integral component of business strategy. After satisfying initial research requirements set forth by the researcher, 34 peer-reviewed articles published after 2001 were purposefully selected based upon relevancy to the research topic and critically analyzed to identify consistencies, similarities, and differences, in an attempt to explain the motives behind increased investments in technology for training. Three major trends are identified: Globalization Challenges and Benefits for Training Programs Organizational Training and Performance Assessment. A significant finding indicates that technology is being used by organizational training programs to support their global vision. Additional research is needed to investigate ways that e-Learning can be linked to measurable performance and to provide evidence as to how training programs affect employees

Gjør etisk refleksjon de ansatte mer innovative? En kvalitativ studie av personalets og ledernes erfaring med etisk refleksjons i praksis

Temaet for oppgaven er etisk refleksjon. Problemstillingen er: Kan etisk refleksjon bidra til innovasjon i helse og omsorgstjenesten? Studien er en kvalitativ undersøkelse, og data som er samlet inn tar utgangspunkt i individuelle intervjuer med seks deltakere fra tre kommuner. Deltakerne er rekruttert som strategisk utvalg. Funnene beskriver erfaringer med etisk refleksjon som verktøy for tjenesteutvikling i kommuner som praktiserer dette systematisk. Teorier om læring, motivasjon, kreativitet og verdibevissthet er rammen for oppgaven. Etisk refleksjon kan forstås som et fellesskap preget av trygghet og tillit. Etikken gir et språk og dialog er en viktig metode til erkjennelse. Etisk refleksjon som læringsverksted kan forstås som at det er spennende og nyttig å lytte til andre, dele ideer, kunnskaper og erfaringer. Helhetsforståelsen samles i utsagnet: Etisk refleksjon skaper et rom for kreativitet, modige og bevisst valg. Begrepet beskriver en komplisert sammenheng mellom brukernes mål og tjenestenes rasjonelle, moralske og praktiske aspekt. I dette møte, eller mellomrommet, kan det skapes noe kreativt, nytt og originalt. Men det oppstår også situasjon hva angår valg. Etisk refleksjons kan føre til at grunnlaget for tjenesteutvikling og innovasjon bedres, fordi valg blir bevisstgjort og reflektert. Praktisk betydning for ledelse knytter seg til leder som kulturskaper og tilrettelegger for etikk, kreativt miljø og innovasjon. Mening skapes blant annet gjennom sosiale prosesser om verdier og etisk refleksjon - som begge er av sentrale virkemidler i verdibevisst ledelse

Tetrazoline Chemistry

It was of interest to investigate the chemistry of some tetrazolines since they might be sources of heteroatomic analogues of trimethylenemethane. In addition, they might provide alternate means of synthesis of small ring compounds such as diaziridinones and diaziridineimines. New compounds which were prepared are 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)­ tetrazoline-5-one, 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyltetrazoline-5-one, l-phenyl-4-methyl-5-iminotetrazoline, l-phenyl-4-methyl-5- methyliminotetrazoline, and l-phenyl-4-methyl-5-methyliminotetrazoline methiodide. The mass spectra of the tetrazolines investigated are characterized by ring fragmentations which are helpful in determining their structure. In addition, fragmentation represents one of the few examples of a retro-1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction initiated by electron impact. The monosubstituted tetrazolines are thermally unstable. The course of their decomposition varies with the substituent in the 5- position of the ring. In no case was simple nitrogen elimination observed. The 1,4-disubstituted tetrazolines have considerable thermal stability which may be the result of their inability to convert to ring-opened isomers. Salts of l-phenyl-4-methyl-5-iminotetrazolines decompose when heated. The products are substituted 5-aminotetrazoles formed by rucleophilic attack of the anion of the salt on the ring methyl group. Photolysis of l-phenyl-4-methyltetrazoline-5-one gives 1- methylbenzimidazoline-2-one. There was no evidence of diaziridinone formation. The yield of l-methylbenzimidazoline-2-one was increased and reaction time was decreased with benzophenone sensitization. Photolysis of 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyltetrazoline-5-one gave only polymeric material. Photolysis of di-tert-butyldiaziridinone gives carbon monoxide, nitrogen, and isobutane

Uncovering a Novel Stone in 27 Patients: Calcium Tartrate Tetrahydrate

Objective To further analyze calcium tartrate tetrahydrate stones after a recent case report described this novel stone. Prior to this, there was only one previously reported occurrence of this stone in a human. This unusual stone composition is not tested for routinely. True prevalence and possible causes of this stone are unknown. Materials/Methods During the previous case report, micro-CT and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to identify a calcium tartrate tetrahydrate stone. This information was applied to urinary stones with previously unidentified compositions in the Mayo Metals laboratory database between 2010 and March 2018. Two additional stones were identified at our institution. Three patients had medical records available for analysis. Results Between 2010 and March 2018, 35 calcium tartrate stones in 25 patients were identified in the Mayo database as well as 2 at our institution (37 stones in 27 patients). Thirty stones were pure calcium tartrate with the remainder having elements of more common stones. The average age was 46.3 (±14.7) with a slightly higher incidence in females (17 vs 10). Of the 3 medical records investigated, all 3 were males (average age 48.7), and each reported consumption of an energy supplement (Spark) routinely. Conclusion The true prevalence of this relatively unknown stone remains unclear and additional investigation is warranted. We believe all stone laboratories should have access to the IR spectra for calcium tartrate tetrahydrate. Attention should be paid to possible causes of this stone, particularly with relation to oral supplements, to aid with future prevention and treatment

Perceived control, locus of control and preparatory information: effects on the perception of an acute pain stimulus

This study investigated the effects of differences in a pre-procedure briefing (providing or withholding preparatory information and explicit control) on the perception of the second of two identical acute pain stimuli. 61 healthy participants were allocated to one of three conditions: Information + Control (I+C), Information - No Control (I-NC) or No information - No Control (NINC). Baseline measures of Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) and pain rating using Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) were taken, as was a measure of general internal/external Locus of Control (LOC). Participants were read the briefing and subjected to a second pain stimulus of identical intensity to their baseline measures. Participants rated the second stimulus using the VASs, and compared it to the first using comparison scales. Results show that differences in a pre-procedure briefing significantly altered participants' perception of the pain stimulus. Participants in the I-NC group rated the second stimulus more painful than the first, and participants in the NI-NC group rated the second stimulus as less painful than the first. There is also suggestive evidence that these differences may relate to individual LOC style. We recommend encouragement of patient participation to engender at least the perception of control in clinical situations involving acutely painful procedures

Behavioral activation interventions for well-being: A meta-analysis

One of the most promising ways to increase well-being is to engage in valued and enjoyable activities. Behavioral activation (BA), an intervention approach most commonly associated with the treatment of depression, is consistent with this recommendation and can easily be adapted for non-clinical populations. This study reports on a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies to examine the effect of BA on well-being. Twenty studies with a total of 1353 participants were included. The pooled effect size (Hedges's g) indicated that the difference in well-being between BA and control conditions at posttest was 0.52. This significant effect, which is comparable to the pooled effect achieved by positive psychology interventions, was found for non-clinical participants and participants with elevated symptoms of depression. Behavioral activation would seem to provide a ready and attractive intervention for promoting the well-being of a range of populations in both clinical and non-clinical settings

Doing many things at a time: lack of power decreases the ability to multitask

Three studies investigated the effects of power on the ability to pursue multiple, concomitant goals, also known as multitasking. It was predicted that powerless participants will show lower multitasking ability than control and powerful participants. Study 1 focused on self‐reported ability to multitask in a sample of executives and subordinate employees. Studies 2 and 3 investigated the ability to dual‐task and to switch between tasks, respectively, using dual‐task and task‐switching paradigms. Across the studies, powerless individuals were less able to effectively multitask compared with control and powerful participants, suggesting that the detrimental effects of lack of power extend beyond single‐task environments, shown in past research, into multitasking environments. Underlying mechanisms are discussed

Clinical Decision Making and Outcome in Routine Care for People with Severe Mental Illness (CEDAR): Study protocol

BACKGROUND: A considerable amount of research has been conducted on clinical decision making (CDM) in short-term physical conditions. However, there is a lack of knowledge on CDM and its outcome in long-term illnesses, especially in care for people with severe mental illness. METHODS/DESIGN: The study entitled "Clinical decision making and outcome in routine care for people with severe mental illness" (CEDAR) is carried out in six European countries (Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Switzerland and UK). First, CEDAR establishes a methodology to assess CDM in people with severe mental illness. Specific instruments are developed (and psychometric properties established) to measure CDM style, key elements of CDM in routine care, as well as CDM involvement and satisfaction from patient and therapist perspectives. Second, these instruments are being put to use in a multi-national prospective observational study (bimonthly assessments during a one-year observation period; N = 560). This study investigates the immediate, short- and long-term effect of CDM on crucial dimensions of clinical outcome (symptom level, quality of life, needs) by taking into account significant variables moderating the relationship between CDM and outcome. DISCUSSION: The results of this study will make possible to delineate quality indicators of CDM, as well as to specify prime areas for further improvement. Ingredients of best practice in CDM in the routine care for people with severe mental illness will be extracted and recommendations formulated. With its explicit focus on the patient role in CDM, CEDAR will also contribute to strengthening the service user perspective. This project will substantially add to improving the practice of CDM in mental health care across Europe. TRIAL REGISTER: ISRCTN75841675