Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction: What Are the Potential Relationships?

This study compared two different structural models regarding the direct or mediation role satisfaction has in the prediction of commitment bond, in the context of a public and traditional Brazilian organization, the Military Police. A quantitative and qualitative combination of methods was used to measure relationships between variables and to contextualize the results found from 10,052 surveyed workers. We conducted interviews with six high command officers and a focus group comprised of seven members from the three highest organizational levels. Content analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used in the analysis process. Evidence was found that satisfaction with relationships is an antecedent of commitment, which mediates its relationships with other variables, such as work and personal characteristics. Understanding the organization's characteristics and the use of a substantial sample of its employees simultaneously allowed for testing complex structural models and investigating a labor segment that has been neglected by commitment research.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Universidade de São Paulo FEAUNIFESPSciEL

Entrincheiramento organizacional: construção e validação da escala

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo construir e validar a escala de entrincheiramento organizacional, construto de mesma base teórica do comprometimento de continuação. Três dimensões foram propostas: ajustamentos à posição social (APS), arranjos burocráticos impessoais (ABI) e limitação de alternativas (LA). Os dados coletados com 721 trabalhadores foram submetidos a análises exploratórias e confirmatórias para a avaliação psicométrica da escala. Os resultados indicam estabilidade, generalizabilidade e alta consistência interna dos três fatores, formados pelos vinte e dois itens restantes, e respaldam a decisão pela estrutura tridimensional. Estudos futuros com a escala validada poderão contribuir para um maior refinamento conceitual e empírico do entrincheiramento com a organização

APRENDIZAGEM ATIVA NO ENSINO DA PESQUISA QUALITATIVA: PROPOSTA DE APLICAÇÃO

Objective: To propose an active learning methodology for teaching qualitative research in graduate school. Method: The paper is structured in two parts. The first is dedicated to theoretical-conceptual aspects, starting with the contextualization of the importance and challenges of researcher training, especially for the use of qualitative methods. This is followed by brief overview of the teaching of qualitative methodology, supported by a survey with coordinators and teachers of graduate programs in Administration and Psychology. Then the concepts of active learning methodologies are addressed, especially those based on experiential learning. The second part is dedicated to the presentation and discussion of a practical example that illustrates each of the steps of the methodological decision-making process to be observed in the qualitative research teaching-learning process at the graduate level. Conclusions: The main contribution of the paper is to offer an experiential teaching-learning model of the qualitative research methodology for graduate education. It closes by pointing out the limits and advantages of the methodological proposal.Objectivo: Proponer una metodología de aprendizaje activo para la enseñanza de la investigación cualitativa en la escuela de posgrado. Método: El trabajo se estructura en dos partes. El primero está dedicado a los aspectos teórico-conceptuales, partiendo de la contextualización de la importancia y desafíos de la formación de investigadores, especialmente para el uso de métodos cualitativos. A esto le sigue una breve reseña de la enseñanza de la metodología cualitativa, respaldada por una encuesta a los coordinadores y profesores de los programas de posgrado en Administración y Psicología. Luego se abordan los conceptos de metodologías de aprendizaje activo, especialmente aquellas basadas en el aprendizaje experiencial. La segunda parte está dedicada a la presentación y discusión de un ejemplo práctico que ilustra cada uno de los pasos del proceso de toma de decisiones metodológicas a observar en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la investigación cualitativa a nivel de posgrado. Conclusiones: El principal aporte del trabajo es ofrecer un modelo experiencial de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la metodología de investigación cualitativa para la educación de posgrado. Se cierra señalando los límites y ventajas de la propuesta metodológica.Objetivo: Propor uma metodologia de aprendizagem ativa para o ensino da pesquisa qualitativa na pós-graduação. Método: O artigo encontra-se estruturado em duas partes. A primeira é dedicada a aspectos teórico-conceituais, iniciando-se com a contextualização da importância e dos desafios da formação do pesquisador, em especial para uso de métodos qualitativos. A seguir apresenta-se um breve panorama do ensino de metodologia qualitativa, apoiado em um levantamento junto a coordenadores e docentes de programas de pós-graduação em Administração e Psicologia. Na sequência são abordados os conceitos de metodologias ativas de aprendizagem, especialmente as apoiadas na aprendizagem experiencial. A segunda parte dedica-se à apresentação e discussão de um exemplo prático que ilustra cada uma das etapas do processo de tomada de decisão metodológica a serem observadas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de pesquisa qualitativa no nível da pós-graduação. Conclusões: A principal contribuição do artigo é oferecer um modelo de ensino-aprendizagem experiencial da metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa para o ensino da pós-graduação. Finaliza-se apontando os limites e as vantagens da referida proposta metodológica.Objetivo: Propor uma metodologia de aprendizagem ativa para o ensino da pesquisa qualitativa na pós-graduação. Método: O artigo encontra-se estruturado em duas partes. A primeira é dedicada a aspectos teórico-conceituais, iniciando-se com a contextualização da importância e dos desafios da formação do pesquisador, em especial para uso de métodos qualitativos. A seguir apresenta-se um breve panorama do ensino de metodologia qualitativa, apoiado em um levantamento junto a coordenadores e docentes de programas de pós-graduação em Administração e Psicologia. Na sequência são abordados os conceitos de metodologias ativas de aprendizagem, especialmente as apoiadas na aprendizagem experiencial. A segunda parte dedica-se à apresentação e discussão de um exemplo prático que ilustra cada uma das etapas do processo de tomada de decisão metodológica a serem observadas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de pesquisa qualitativa no nível da pós-graduação. Conclusões: A principal contribuição do artigo é oferecer um modelo de ensino-aprendizagem experiencial da metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa para o ensino da pós-graduação. Finaliza-se apontando os limites e as vantagens da referida proposta metodológica

Delimiting the concept of organizational commitment: empirical evidence of the overlap between the entrenchment and the continuance mindset

In the research agenda on organizational commitment, the three-dimensional model of Meyer and Allen is still extensively used, despite the fact that it has been the focus of discussions about conceptual and empirical problems, especially those related to one of its dimensions (continuance commitment). This study introduces to the existing debate the concept of organizational entrenchment, as the worker's tendency to remain due to his evaluation of his employability, his employment alternatives outside the organization, and the costs associated with leaving the company. In the career field, researchers found evidence of overlap between entrenchment and continuance commitment. In this study, we aimed to test the hypothesis of overlap between these constructs within the organizational target, using structural equation modeling. The sample consisted of 721 workers from different organizations and states in Brazil. We used SPSS 13.0 and AMOS 16.0 software. The two covariance models, both with good fit indices, provided evidence of overlap. In spite of the fact that the hypothesis was confirmed, we recommend further studies aimed at gathering additional empirical indicators showing that the continuance component represents the same phenomenon as organizational entrenchment, justifying its detachment from the concept of commitment

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF FUTSAL PLAYERS’ ORGANIZATION ON THE COURT

The purpose of this study was to quantify and analyze professional Futsal teams’ organization on the court in shots to goal and tackles situations. Two-dimensional coordinates of 22 players’ positions were obtained during a match between Brazil and Paraguay using a computational tracking system. Team organization in 58 specific situations of shots to goal and 120 tackles were analysed. The variables quantified were teams’ coverage area and distance between teams’ centroids. Results showed that defending team coverage area was greater (

Efficacy of chitosan supported organic acaricide extract from Melia azedarach leaves on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks

The Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplustick control is mainly performed by chemicals products, but organic acaricides use has higher advantages compared to conventional products. Brazilian cerrado native plants are known for their bioactive potential. Due to this fact, the objective of this study is to evaluate the acaricide action of native cerrado specie, Meliaazedarach, known as Santa Barbara in the tick control. Also, the chitosan nanosphere was evaluated on the extract adsorption and release, as a proposal to raise the acaricide phytotherapic profile. The ethanol extract was obtained by cool extraction from dried leaves of the plant. Chitosan nanospheres were obtained by the phase inversion method. Conductometric titration, ultraviolet-visible ("UV-Vis") and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were conducted with materials to evaluate the chitosan anchoring ability. In vitro test was used in engorged females for each treatment, which consisted of control, raw extract and three treatments with increasing concentrations of 0.2; 0.4 and 1%. The organic product effectiveness of 0.2% concentration was found by observing reduction in the eggs mass compared to control group. The nanomaterial proved capable to anchor and release the acaricide gradually in pH between 6 and 7, which makes it feasible for use in cattle, prolonging the exposure time between the tick and acaricide.Keywords: Cerrado specie, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplustick, ectoparasites, tick control, acaricide, chitosan nanoparticl

Employee-organization linkages : analysis of Brazilian scientific production 2000-2010

Este estudo procurou analisar a produção científica brasileira 2000-2010 sobre vínculos do empregado com a organização, abrangendo quatro temas principais: comprometimento organizacional, contratos psicológicos, cidadania organizacional e percepções de apoio e de justiça e equidade. Justifica essa escolha a importância dessas questões para o campo de pesquisa micro-organizacional e a intensa concentração de pesquisa sobre o tema. Sessenta e três artigos foram identificados. As análises seguiram três ênfases: aspectos metodológicos; conteúdos dos artigos, suas contribuições e limitações; e as redes de parcerias entre autores e instituições. Os resultados indicam altos níveis de nebulosidade conceitual e de sobreposição de instrumentos, e pouca interação entre grupos de pesquisa. Com base nos resultados, foi proposta uma agenda de pesquisa.This study sought to analyze the Brazilian scientific production in 2000-2010 on employee's linkages with the organization, covering four main topics: organizational commitment, psychological contracts, organizational citizenship and perceptions of support, justice and equity. The importance of these issues to micro-organizational research and the intense research on the topic are the reasons for making this choice. Sixty-three articles were identified. The analyses followed three emphases: methodological features; content of articles, their contributions and limitations; and partnership networks between authors and institutions. The results show high levels of conceptual haziness and overlapping of instruments, and little interaction between research groups. Based on the findings, a research agenda is proposed

Vínculos dos Indivíduos com a Organização:: Análise da Produção Científica Brasileira 2000-2010

This study sought to analyze the Brazilian scientific production in 2000-2010 on employee’s linkages with theorganization, covering four main topics: organizational commitment, psychological contracts, organizational citizenship andperceptions of support, justice and equity. The importance of these issues to micro-organizational research and the intenseresearch on the topic are the reasons for making this choice. Sixty-three articles were identified. The analyses followed threeemphases: methodological features; content of articles, their contributions and limitations; and partnership networks betweenauthors and institutions. The results show high levels of conceptual haziness and overlapping of instruments, and little interactionbetween research groups. Based on the findings, a research agenda is proposed.Este estudo procurou analisar a produção científica brasileira 2000-2010 sobre vínculos do empregado com a organização, abrangendo quatro temas principais: comprometimento organizacional, contratos psicológicos, cidadania organizacional e percepções de apoio e de justiça e equidade. Justificam essa escolha a importância destas questões para o campo de pesquisa microorganizacional e a intensa concentração de pesquisa em escala internacional. Sessenta e três artigos foram identificados. As análises seguiram três ênfases: aspectos metodológicos; conteúdos dos artigos, suas contribuições e limitações; e as redes de parcerias entre autores e instituições. Os resultados indicam altos níveis de nebulosidade conceitual e sobreposição de instrumentos. Revelam também pouca interação entre grupos de pesquisa. Com base nos resultados, foi proposta uma agenda de pesquisa

Gold nanoparticles inhibit steroid-insensitive asthma in mice preserving histone deacetylase 2 and NRF2 pathways

Background: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can inhibit pivotal pathological changes in experimental asthma, but their effect on steroid-insensitive asthma is unclear. The current study assessed the effectiveness of nebulized AuNPs in a murine model of glucocorticoid (GC)-resistant asthma. Methods: A/J mice were sensitized and subjected to intranasal instillations of ovalbumin (OVA) once a week for nine weeks. Two weeks after starting allergen stimulations, mice were subjected to Budesonide or AuNP nebulization 1 h before stimuli. Analyses were carried out 24 h after the last provocation. Results: We found that mice challenged with OVA had airway hyperreactivity, eosinophil, and neutrophil infiltrates in the lung, concomitantly with peribronchiolar fibrosis, mucus production, and pro-inflammatory cytokine generation compared to sham-challenged mice. These changes were inhibited in mice treated with AuNPs, but not Budesonide. In the GCresistant asthmatic mice, oxidative stress was established, marked by a reduction in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) levels and catalase activity, accompanied by elevated values of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), phosphoinositide 3-kinases δ (PI3Kδ) expression, as well as a reduction in the nuclear expression of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in the lung tissue, all of which sensitive to AuNPs but not Budesonide treatment. Conclusion: These findings suggest that AuNPs can improve GC-insensitive asthma by preserving HDAC2 and NRF2

The future of workplace commitment : key questions and directions

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