Estudio para la optimización de funciones y mecanismos de trabajo de las comisiones legislativas. Estudio de caso de la LIX Legislatura del Estado de México.

Se considera para el análisis del tema, una aproximación historiográfica del parlamento, con el objeto de conocer sus antecedentes generales y el surgimiento de éste en nuestro país, pues resultará determinante para nuestra investigación conocer de qué manera han evolucionado su conformación y las implicaciones que ha tenido en el contexto nacional. De igual manera se hace referencia al cumplimiento de las funciones sustantivas del Poder Legislativo a nivel federal, para abordar posteriormente el marco conceptual de dicho poder a nivel local y precisar su integración en el contexto actual. No quiero olvidar mencionar que la presente investigación se sustenta en el ejercicio de análisis deductivo, definiéndolo como una estrategia de razonamiento que nos va a permitir ir abordando los temas desde una serie de premisas, principios o conceptos generales, para posteriormente aterrizar nuestros planteamientos a concepciones más específicas.El presente trabajo de investigación aborda lo referente a la optimización del trabajo de comisiones legislativas, al seno de los órganos constituidos del Estado que desempeñan las funciones parlamentarias. En concreto se analiza el caso del Estado de México, en el periodo 2015 – 2016, debido a la facilidad de acceso a información que he tenido en la LIX Legislatura mexiquense

El perfil criminal del falsificador de obras de arte

Counterfeiting of works of art is a global phenomenon present for centuries, especially since the Renaissance. This paper aims to confirm the hypothesis of whether there really is a criminal profile of the art forger. A review of the biographies of the biggest art counterfeiters of history is carried out, extracting its most important features and performing a comparation of cases. Although the hypothesis is not confirmed, this work contributes to provide police investigators a probable description of these types of offenders, the most common sites of action, their motivation and their modus operandi.La falsificación de obras de arte es un fenómeno global presente desde hace siglos, especialmente a partir del Renacimiento. Este trabajo pretende confirmar la hipótesis de si realmente hay un perfil criminal del falsificador de obras de arte. Se realiza una revisión de las biografías de los mayores falsificadores de la historia, extrayendo sus características más importantes y realizando una comparativa de los casos. Aunque no se confirma la hipótesis de partida, este trabajo aporta a los investigadores policiales una descripción probable de este tipo de delincuentes, los lugares más frecuentes de actuación, su motivación y su modus operandi

The finite layer method for modelling the sound transmission through double walls

The finite layer method (FLM) is presented as a discretisation technique for the computation of noise transmission through double walls. It combines a finite element method (FEM) discretisation in the direction perpendicular to the wall with trigonometric functions in the two in-plane directions. It is used for solving the Helmholtz equation at the cavity inside the double wall, while the wall leaves are modelled with the thin plate equation and solved with modal analysis. Other approaches to this problem are described here (and adapted where needed) in order to compare them with the FLM. They range from impedance models of the double wall behaviour to different numerical methods for solving the Helmholtz equation in the cavity. For the examples simulated in this work (impact noise and airborne sound transmission), the former are less accurate than the latter at low frequencies. The main advantage of FLM over the other discretisation techniques is the possibility of extending it to multilayered structures without changing the interpolation functions and with an affordable computational cost. This potential is illustrated with a calculation of the noise transmission through a multilayered structure: a double wall partially filled with absorbing material.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author’s final draft

An energy model for the acoustic insulation of absorbing materials

In this work an energy model for the acoustic insulation of absorbing ma- terials is shown. This model is an extension of Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) [1] in order to account for the effect of non-conservative connections [2, 3]. The energy-based approach allows to solve sound insulation problems in large domains (such as those in building acoustics) in an efficient way for the whole frequency range required by regulations (50-5000 Hz). In particular, this approach is applied here for the study of the insulating behaviour of an absorbing layer (mineral wool) filling the cavity of a double wall. The absorbing layer is considered as a non-conservative connection between the two leaves of the wall. This model is combined with detailed numerical computations to obtain the loss factors associated to the connection. With these parameters, a combined system including the transmission between rooms and double walls can be stated. Obtained results show that absorbing layers can be modelled as non-conservative cou- plings and incorporated in an SEA-like system to compute the sound insulation in buildings successfully.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Sound transmission through double walls: statistical and deterministic models

Double walls are increasingly used in construction. Due to this, there is interest in reliable models of their sound insulation for the frequency range reguired in regulations (50-5000Hz). These models can be either statistical or deterministic. In this work, the finite layer method (FLM) is presented as a numerical technique for solving the problem in a deterministic way. it is used for discretising the Helmholtz equation in the cavity and combines a finite element method (FEM) discretisation in the direction perpendicular to the wall with trigonometric functions in the two in plane directions. The FLM exploits the simple geometry of the double wall and accounts for all its boundary and interface conditions with a reasonable computational cost. The statistical energy analysis (SEA) is a more suitable framework of analysis for vibroacoustic problems in large domains such as buildings. However, the best SEA approach for modelling double walls is not clear in the literature. The cavity is considered as a subsystem or treated as a connecting device between the two leaves depending on the autor. The finite layer method is a used to evaluate the performance of these two approaches, concluding that both considerations have to be taken into account together to reproduce the real behaviour. Finally, the FLM is used to define a combined deterministic energy based approach to deal with this kind of problems.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

An SEA-like model for double walls filled with absorbing materials

Modelling absorbing materials with statistical energy analysis (SEA) is an open issue. They are neither reverberant subsystems nor conservative couplings. The absorbing material layers located inside the cavities of double walls should be treated as non-conservative couplings between the wall leaves. However, the standard SEA formulation cannot take into account non-conservative couplings. In this work, an equivalent circuit analogy is used to deduce how to introduce these couplings in an SEA-like system. Besides, a technique for obtaining the SEA-like factors associated to a double wall filled with absorbing material is presented. These factors are computed from numerical simulations of the vibroacoustic leaf-absorbing material-leaf system and applied for solving larger problems with SEA.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Pushing SEA beyond its limits: a model for real building structures

The main challenge for models of building acoustics is being able to consider all the geometrical and physical details of real structures with a reasonable computational cost for high frequencies. The SEA (Statistical Energy Analysis) framework is suitable for these frequencies, but presents some difficulties for dealing with complex structural configurations. For instance, modelling absorbing materials with SEA is an open issue, since they are neither reverberant subsystems nor conservative couplings. In this work, a model to account for absorbing materials with a SEA-like approach is performed. It is obtained by analogy with an electrical circuit. This approach is combined with numerical simulations in order to solve vibroacoustic problems in real structural configurations (including complex geometries or dissipative connections) throughout the entire frequency range required by regulations. The proposed technique is applied to modelling the sound insulation of double walls. These walls consist of two leaves of plasterboard connected through metallic studs and filled with a layer of absorbing material. The combination of numerical simulations and SEA arises as a good technique for modelling the acoustic behaviour of real life structures with an affordable computational cost.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

A deterministic model of impact noise transmission through structural connections based on modal analysis

Vibration transmission through structural connections is modelled in a deterministic way by means of modal analysis. This model is used first to study the effect of elastic joints across the floor in the transmission of impact noise. They are an effective means of reducing impact noise propagation, and can almost eliminate it for small values of the joint stiffness. The method is also used to study the acoustic relevance of studs in lightweight floor transmission. Different ways of modelling the studs are presented and compared. For the examples developed, the best option is to use springs for modelling the studs rather than more complex models involving springs and beams. Also the different behaviour of point and line connections is verified, as well as the influence of the position of the studs.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author’s final draft

Emphasising the community: demographic composition of an exceptional tomb—the Chalcolithic burial site of Camino del Molino, Caravaca de la Cruz, Murcia

Producción CientíficaReconstructing the biological profile of a skeletal sample is essential for defining a particular demographic group or classifying isolated remains. These results allow us to complete the population pyramid of a settlement, analyse mortality trends and relate individuals of a particular sex or age-at-death category to possible funerary rituals, lifestyles and/or states of health and disease. In this work, we carry out a paleodemographic analysis of a singular tomb: the chalcolithic burial site of Camino del Molino, Murcia, SE Spain. The tomb hosted 1348 individuals (30.7% non-adults and 69.3% adults) over two contiguous funerary phases, spanning a large part of the third millennium BC, which makes it a reference site for knowledge of the Recent Prehistoric populations. For this purpose, we estimated different paleodemographic parameters (life tables, mortality rates and sex ratios) and compared them to model life tables of preindustrial populations and data from other contemporary peninsular series to evaluate possible demographic anomalies. The results suggest that Camino del Molino was home to individuals of all ages and sex. However, there is a clear under-representation of newborns and nursing/breastfeeding infants and an over-representation of 5–15-year-old individuals. These findings could indicate potential issues related to diet/weaning, disease and early inclusion in the economic activities of the group.Junta de Castilla y León y el Fondo Social Europeo (ORDEN EDU/574/2018)Universidad de Valladolid - Proyecto de Investigación “METOO” (PROYEMER-2021-45)Publicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCL