GESTIÓN INSTITUCIONAL, COMUNITARIA E IMPACTO ECO-HÍDRICO-SUSTENTABLE

Mediante esta investigación se construye una hermenéusis teórico-institucional, comunitaria realizada en los consejos comunales la Guamita I y II, de la Parroquia El Recreo del municipio San Fernando del Estado Apure. Para tal fin, se analiza la red teorética compuesta por la gestión institucional, impacto eco-hídrico y sustentabilidad, desde la triada teórica de la teoría general de sistemas de Bertalanffy, Complejidad de Morín y Teoría de la Administración Pública de Guerrero, sustentada en el paradigma pospositivista, en la visión epistémica del Pensamiento Complejo, abordado por la metodología fenomenológico-hermenéutica, exhortada por Martínez (2009), en tres  momentos: interacción entre el todo y las partes y entre las partes, el posible cambio de las partes y la interpretación obtenida del cambio. Todo ello enmarcado en la temática agroambiental y gestión sustentable de los recursos naturales.  Dentro de las conclusiones se resalta la responsabilidad del estado, la escasa sinergia de las comunidades y lo complejo de sus visiones con respecto a sus expectativas de calidad de vida, en relación a la sustentabilidad del vital líquido.

Cobalt Hexacyanoferrate on BiVO4 Photoanodes for Robust Water Splitting

The efficient integration of photoactive and catalytic materials is key to promoting photoelectrochemical water splitting as a sustainable energy technology built on solar power. Here, we report highly stable water splitting photoanodes from BiVO4 photoactive cores decorated with CoFe Prussian blue-type electrocatalysts (CoFe-PB). This combination decreases the onset potential of BiVO4 by,similar to 0.8 V (down to 0.3 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) and increases the photovoltage by 0.45 V. The presence of the catalyst also leads to a remarkable 6-fold enhancement of the photocurrent at 1.23 V versus RHE, while keeping the light-harvesting ability of BiVO4. Structural and mechanistic studies indicate that CoFe-PB effectively acts as a true catalyst on BiVO4. This mechanism, stemming from the adequate alignment of the energy levels, as showed by density functional theory calculations, allows CoFe-PB to outperform all previous catalyst/BiVO4 junctions and, in addition, leads to noteworthy long-term stability. A bare 10-15% decrease in photocurrent was observed after more than 50 h of operation under light irradiation

Contribution to the knowledge of continental ostracod from Chile

Our knowledge of continental ostracods in South America is still in its infancy with a total of only 260 species (MARTENS & BEHEN, 1994). Particularly in Chile, it is still scarce and scattered, with large voids in the taxonomy and distribution. In Chile, the first records were reported by DADAY (1902), BREHM (1934) and LÖFFLER (1961a, b). Later, SCHWALB & BURNS (1999) cited species of Limnocytheridae and KARANOVIC (2012) provided new records of Candonidae from Chile. The main objective of this work is to provide a checklist of ostracods in Chile with updated distributional records.Fil: Cardenas, Javiera. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Baltanas, Angel. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: Figueroa, Ricardo. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Cusminsky, Gabriela Catalina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Laprida, Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos; ArgentinaFil: Ramon Mercau, Josefina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Denisse. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Urrutia, Roberto. Universidad de Concepción; Chil

Development of nanolubricant based on impregnated multilayer graphene for automotive applications: Analysis of tribological properties

[EN] This paper shows novel formulations of nanolubricants added with multi-layer graphene (MLG), multi-layer graphene impregnated with copper (MLG-Cu), and multi-layer graphene impregnated with polyaniline (MLG-PANI) for applications in automotive engines. These nanofluids were prepared using commercial motor oil as the base fluid. The tribological properties were measured at 100 degrees C, and significant reductions were found in the coefficient of friction and wear. The concentrations used were 0.5% and 2% by weight, obtaining reductions in the friction coefficient and wear of up to 43% and 63%, respectively, in the case of motor oil with copper-impregnated graphene. All formulations of MLG, MLG-Cu, and MLG-PANI did not show any sedimentation when dispersed in engine oil, even three months after being produced. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.The authors would like to thank Tecnologico de Monterrey (ITESM) through the focus group of Energy and Climate Change for the support of this project and CONACYT for funding the stay at the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia (UPV).Ramon-Raygoza, E.; Rivera-Solorio, C.; Giménez Torres, E.; Maldonado-Cortes, D.; Cardenas-Aleman, E.; Cué-Sampedro, R. (2016). Development of nanolubricant based on impregnated multilayer graphene for automotive applications: Analysis of tribological properties. Powder Technology. 302:363-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.08.072S36337130

Persistence with dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: a population-based cohort study in Catalonia (Spain)

Objectives: Guidelines recommending 12-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (STEACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were published in year 2012. We aimed to describe the influence of guideline implementation on the trend in 12-month persistence with DAPT between 2010 and 2015 and to evaluate its relationship with DAPT duration regimens recommended at discharge from PCI hospitals. Design: Observational study based on region-wide registry data linked to pharmacy billing data for DAPT follow-up. Setting: All PCI hospitals (10) belonging to the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) code network in Catalonia (Spain). Participants: 10 711 STEACS patients undergoing PCI between 2010 and 2015 were followed up. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Primary outcome was 12-month persistence with DAPT. Calendar year quarter, publication of guidelines, DAPT duration regimen recommended in the hospital discharge report, baseline patient characteristics and significant interactions were included in mixed-effects logistic regression based interrupted time-series models. Results: The proportion of patients on-DAPT at 12 months increased from 58% (56-60) in 2010 to 73% (71-75) in 2015. The rate of 12-month persistence with DAPT significantly increased after the publication of clinical guidelines with a time lag of 1 year (OR=1.20; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.30). A higher risk profile, more extensive and complex coronary disease, use of drug-eluting stents (OR=1.90; 95% CI 1.50 to 2.40) and a 12-month DAPT regimen recommendation at discharge from the PCI hospital (OR=5.76; 95% CI 3.26 to 10.2) were associated with 12-month persistence. Conclusion: Persistence with 12-month DAPT has increased since publication of clinical guidelines. Even though most patients were discharged on DAPT, only 73% with potential indication were on-DAPT 12 months after PCI. A guideline-based recommendation at PCI hospital discharge was highly associated with full persistence with DAPT. Establishing evidence-based, common prescribing criteria across hospitals in the AMI-network would favour adherence and reduce variability

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Zoonosis, cambio climático y sociedad

La sociedad contemporánea se enfrenta a uno de los retos más grandes de la historia humana, el calentamiento global, mismo que acarrea enormes consecuencias, tales como los disturbios climáticos, así como los patrones de las enfermedades de origen animal transmisibles al hombre. Precisamente ante este escenario las instituciones educativas de nivel superior deben dar cumplimiento a su responsabilidad y ser las generadoras de alternativas de solución mediante el trabajo especializado de investigación; y para ello, la pesquisa científica es la mejor de las alternativas a nuestro alcance para comprender y encarar estos desafíos.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México y Ediciones y Gráficos Eón, S.A. de C.V